工程地球物理方法技术研究现状综述

从工程地球物理的方法技术角度，结合相应的地球物理理论，综述了工程地球物理方法在各种工程领域的应用现状和发展，并具体讨论了各领域中存在的问题。     

上海市工程地质信息系统

文章对该系统的开发背景，系统组成等进行了较为详细的描述。该系统是GIS技术在地质领域的一个具体应用实例。它实现了工程地质资料数据库与地理信息的挂接，可在地理底图上用直接选取数据点方法来查阅单个工程地质钻孔的数据信息及进行工程勘察计算和进行剖面、平面分析。利用该系统能为城市规划部门提供辅助决策信息，能为城市建设部门提供准确和可靠的工程地质信息参考。     

Geotechnical characterization of carbonate marls for the construction of impermeable dam cores

Fine-grained, more or less cohesive carbonate materials are extremely widespread in terms of surface area and are, therefore, commonly used as materials to construct impermeable cores for dams. However, it has not been adequately documented whether the carbonate content in fine-grained soils significantly affects their engineering behaviour. The present study shows that the carbonate content substantially influences the engineering behaviour of clayey material. For this, we subjected 32 samples to different laboratory tests, such as the normal Proctor, the Atterberg limits, granulometric analysis, oedometric and undrained triaxial tests. The resulting parameters were correlated with the carbonate content of the samples.

The materials studied in this work had been used in the construction of the impermeable core of the San Clemente Dam, belonging to the hydrographic basin of the Guadalquivir River (southern Spain). These marls present, as their prime characteristic, a carbonate content of the fine fraction consistently exceeding 50%, giving them special importance in the study of this phenomenon.

In this study, a direct relationship was found between the geotechnical properties of the soils studied and their degree of compaction, with the carbonate content and the type of minerals in the clay being the main factors determining the behaviour of these soils. Finally, we conclude that the percentage of carbonates should be used as a classification criterion for the soils used to construct the cores of earth-filled dams.     

Mechanical quality of bedrock with increasing ductile deformation

Most of the rocks in Precambrian shield areas have experienced a complex structural and metamorphic evolution, processes which have a strong influence on bedrock quality. The properties vary on both a local and a regional scale. It is highly beneficial to know the variations in detail when exploiting the rocks for industrial purposes. The main objective of the investigation was to study the variation of rock mechanical properties in an originally more or less isotropic rock at various stages of ductile deformation. The rocks investigated were Paleoproterozoic and with ages of ca. 1.80-1.88 Ga, and the areas chosen for sampling were situated north-east of Lake Vänern (Kristinehamn; 10 samples), south of the city of Eskilstuna, South Central Sweden (5 samples) and south of Ödeshög, near Lake Vättern in southern Sweden (7 samples). The 12 samples from the latter two areas are described in this investigation, while the 10 samples from Kristinehamn have been published earlier (Göransson et al., 2004). A comprehensive study of various parameters of importance for bedrock quality has been performed on all samples, e.g. studded tyre test (STT) and Los Angeles test (LA), uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), ultrasonic velocity, perimeter measurements of mineral phases, and petrographic and chemical analyses. The weakly deformed and massive (more or less isotropic) rocks show a tendency towards better properties of abrasion (STT) than the strongly deformed rocks and this can also be said for UCS, reflecting the greater ability of rocks to split along foliation planes. This is not entirely unambiguous, as the more deformed rocks, such as the mylonites, may have varying properties. This depends on the combined effects of, e.g. grain size, recrystallisation and foliation. However, the brittleness (LA) shows somewhat better values with increased deformation. This may depend on higher amounts of dark minerals, as their existence does not affect this test as much as in the case of abrasion tests. The perimeter values of the mineral phases display generally higher values, i.e. grain boundaries for the more strongly deformed rocks are more complicated. However, the values for the investigated mylonites may vary between low and high. The lower value may be due to dynamic recrystallisation and the creation of triple points (static recrystallisation) making the rock weaker. Besides, the development of a strong foliation may decrease rock strength despite the usually finer grain size. The results show that it is extremely important to consider all possible variations of bedrock before classification and exploitation, as the bedrock material in fact is highly heterogeneous.     

迈好信息化的第一步--记热力工程设计公司计划管理系统的实施

本文主要概括了北京市热力工程设计公司信息化建设方面的工作,并具体分析了开发计划管理系统软件的有关经验。     

Study on the Safety of the Foundation Rock Masses in the Tangkou Bank of the Taipinghu Bridge

The Taipinghu Bridge is an important project, and the safety of rock masses of its foundation is very crucial. This article analyzes the potential causes of the deformation of the rock masses of the bridge foundation, and uses the Fast Lagrangian Analysis of Continua to analyze the geologic model. The simulating process shows that no mater in the excavating process or in the loading process the rock masses are suit for the engineering. The modeling and analyzing process can be used for reference.     

基坑工程安全监测及其数据处理分析

从基坑安全监测的重要性出发，阐述了基坑监测的项目选取、测点的布设、监测的技术与方法．并结合实例说明卡尔曼滤波处理安全监测数据的有效性．得出有效结论，对从事同类工程有一定的参考价值。     

壤中气汞量测量影响因素分析

根据多年工程地震探测实践和观测研究结果，阐述了在野外取样过程中，人为因素和自然因素对壤中气汞量测量的影响．讨论了排除影响的方法并提出了在工程地震中壤中气汞量测量合理的取样深度和取样体积     

矿山层状反倾边坡岩体移动规律的试验研究

本文基于现代工程地质力学理论与相似模拟原理, 采用地质力学模拟试验方法, 以某矿顶帮边坡为工程实例, 结合大量滑坡实例综合分析, 研究了层状反倾边坡岩体随采矿工程发展的移动规律和潜在滑坡模式。     

地质工程监测信息系统开发

功能完善的地质工程监测系统在水电工程、环境工程及露天采矿工程等等中的重要性己日益显露出来。为此, 本文提出了地质工程监测信息系统的构想, 并从开发方法选择、功能需求分析、系统设计特征及系统开发实施四个主要方面, 对地质工程监测信息系统开发中若干重要问题进行了探讨。