The crystal chemistry and Fe<Superscript>II</Superscript>–site properties of aluminosilicate garnet solid solutions as revealed by Mössbauer spectroscopy and electronic structure calculations

The three binary garnet solid solutions Fe^II₃Al₂Si₃O₁₂–X^II₃Al₂Si₃O₁₂ (X^II= Mg^II, Mn^II, Ca^II) have been investigated by ⁵⁷Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy at 298 and 77 K and by electronic structure calculations in the local spin density approximation. The spectra yield isomer shifts and quadrupole splittings that are typical for Fe^II in the dodecahedral X-site of 222 point symmetry and are similar for each of the three binaries recorded. Conversely, electronic structure calculations based on the experimental crystal structure of the different end-member garnets exhibit pronounced variations in some of the electronic properties of Fe^II that are not reflected in the spectroscopic data. These results are interpreted as indicating that the different X–O bonds in garnet solid solutions retain to a large degree the intrinsic lengths that they possess in their respective end members, and that the Fe–O bond does not change greatly as a function of composition. This is evidence for the state of alternating bonds and not for the virtual crystal approximation in describing the X–O bond types or lengths in aluminosilicate garnet solid solutions. The observed degree and behavior of the Fe^II doublet asymmetry in the Mössbauer spectra for the three solid solution series do not indicate major variations in the anisotropic recoil-free fraction of Fe^II. Variations in doublet asymmetry are more likely a result of complex next-nearest X-site neighbor interactions and/or some degree of short-range cation ordering, though doublets representing different local X-site cation configurations cannot be resolved or fitted to the experimental spectra.     

数字测图野外采样方法及精度初探

根据城镇地区建筑物的特点。本文提出了两种既减少外业实测点数,又能满足计算机绘图要求和精度的野外采样方法,并以SET2全站式电子速测仪为例,分析了这种电子速测仪按极坐标法采样的精度,又据SET2电子速测仪实测的数据,统计了本文提出的两种采样方法的精度。     

成果地质资料电子文档的汇交与保管

通过对成果地质资料电子文档在验收、汇交、保管全过程中的载体、文档内容、文档整理、归档与保管等核心问题探讨,总结上述过程中容易出现的问题。根据近几年我局工作经验,提出了相应的解决办法及应对措施。     

乌鲁木齐超长站距无线传输遥测台网实施技术

文中介绍了全无线化的乌鲁木齐遥测地震台网实现超长站距多道地震信息传输勘选设计和实施技术。其中包括网络组成、路由设计、系统参数设置、设备选型、高增益天线、高选择性低噪声放大、低损耗馈电等一系列技术问题。     

Globalizing retail and the ‘new e-conomy’: The organizational challenge of e-commerce for the retail TNCs

This paper examines the organizational challenge of e-commerce for emerging retail transnational corporations (TNCs). The paper begins by scoping and conceptualizing the retail TNCs and in the process, draws attention to the high level of territorial embeddedness of these firms. This provides the framework for the remainder of the paper, where the organizational challenge of a ‘multi-channel’ paradigm (blending online and offline forms of retail distribution) is evaluated. Specifically, the paper argues that place, space and embeddedness continue to matter in the ‘new e-conomy’ of multi-channel distribution.     

电子政务在新疆防震减灾事业中的应用现状及建议

随着中国地震局“十五”数字地震观测网络项目的建设完成,新疆维吾尔自治区地震局在网络信道和软件系统方面都对现有系统进行了重新设计和建设,新疆地震局电子政务系统各项硬件条件已经具备,如何发挥这些已经建成的各项电子政务系统的作用,已经成为急待解决的问题。本文中从电子政务组成及发展趋势、电子政务在防震减灾工作中的作用、电子政务在新疆防震减灾事业中的应用现状和对本单位电子政务的几点设想与建议几个方面,就电子政务建设如何促进防震减灾事业发展进行了分析和讨论。     

原子折射度与电子构型的关系

原子折射度与其电子构型密切相关。元素在周期表中按最外层电子数可分为s、p、sd、df4个区,原子折射度的变化在各个区内是不同的。原子折射度可表示为主量子数及最外层电子数的函数,根据这个函数计算出来的值与文献给出的值十分吻合。     

NUMERICAL STUDY ON THE ROLE OF VORTICAL AND DIVERGENT COMPONENTS OF WIND STRESS IN ENSO CYCLE*

The 1960-1991 monthly mean FSU (Florida State University)wind stress data are decomposed into a vortical and a divergent component with each of which to force the model ocean in the context of a two-layer tropical Pacific model.Evidence suggests that for the seasonal variation the ocean forcing does not produce a realistic cold tongue using either of the components and the tongue will not be effectively improved in its intensity and pattern even if the components are doubled or halved:the utilization of climatic mean wind stress(no decomposition is done of the wind stress)that contains its seasonal variation will lead to a realistic SST distribution on which is imposed,separately,the interannual anomalies of each of the components so as to get the SSTA pattern:under the action of the interannual anomaly of the vortical(divergent)component there arises qnite intense SSTA oscillation marked by noticeable ENSO periods(feeble SSTA with higher oscillation frequency for obscure ENSO periods),thereby illustrating that the roles of the two components differ from each other in the genesis of SST variation on a seasonal and an interannual basis such that a realistic cold tongue pattern follows under the joint effects on the model ocean of the two components of wind stress while rational E1 Nino/La Nina phenomena result under the forcing of an anomalous wind stress vortical component.Moreover,the divergent component is innegligible in generating a mean climatic condition of the ocean sector but of less importance compared to the vortical component in ENSO development.     

电子地图工程化的研究与实践

电子地图是一个动态发展的概念 ,其工程系统化是实现产业化的基础和前提。本文以工程系统化的观点讨论了电子地图开发生产的工艺流程、生产管理体系及质量保证体系等内容。并指出电子地图工程系统化中应注意的几个问题.     

Isolation and Characterization of Pathogenic Listonella anguillarum of Diseased Half-Smooth Tongue Sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis Günther)

Studies were conducted to determine the cause of the acute mortality of half-smooth tongue sole Cynoglossus semilaevis Günther juveniles in a fish farm in Jimo, Shandong Province, China, in June 2006. Gross signs of the diseased tongue sole included several petechiae and ecchymoses on the body and fin necrosis and hemorrhagic lesion at the base of the fin. Bacteria were isolated from kidney, liver and hemorrhagic lesions of the diseased tongue sole. Among14 strains, SJ060621 was proved to be highly virulent to juvenile tongue sole with LD50 value of 1.0×105 colony forming units (CFU)mL-1, while the remaining 13 were avirulent. Among the 16 antibiotics tested, SJ060621 was sensitive to gentamicin and nitrofurantoin. It was identified as Listonella anguillarum with conventional plate and tube tests in combination with API 20E analysis. 16S rRNA gene and partial HSP60 gene sequenceing analysis revealed that the strain was highly homologous with L. anguillarum. Examination of the infected musculature by electron microscopy indicated numerous bacteria and lots of macrophages containing phagocytosed bacteria. Histopathological investigations revealed severe necrotic degenerative changes in the infected organs. Indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) was employed to detect the location of occurrence of bacteria, and bacteria were found in aggregations in the inflammatory areas in musculature.