松辽盆地北安地区断陷期构造特征的地震学证据及其油气意义

北安地区位于松辽盆地内的东北部,共有姚家组顶界、泉头组顶界、营城组顶界、基岩顶界四个主要地震反射层位,缺失登娄库组反射层.北安断陷期地层反射能量均较弱,且基本为中低频反射.北安断陷是北安地区最重要的一个断陷,北安断陷西侧发育有北安西断裂,走向北北东,在平面展布上近"S"型,主要发育于侏罗系地层;北安断陷东侧发育有北安东断裂,走向北北东,其特点是上逆下正,从姚家组断至侏罗系地层.北安地区发育有较大的正向反转构造.北安地区反转构造对油气成藏的影响较大,主要表现在:(1)反转构造为油气聚集提供了圈闭;(2)反转构造作用促进了油气再次运移;(3)反转构造作用使地层拱张,产生了许多断裂,改善了储集性能.     

Planform of convection with strongly temperature-dependent viscosity

Abstract

This paper experimentally investigates the convective planform near critical in a fluid layer whose temperature-dependent viscosity varies from top to bottom by up to a factor of 1500. Convection occurs in three different planforms: rolls, hexagons and squares. The square planform, which appears only for fluids with viscosity variation greater than about 50, replaces the hexagonal convection pattern as the Rayleigh number increases much above critical. The large amplitude of hexagonal convection with strong viscosity variation precludes studying the hexagon-square transition with perturbation methods of the type used to study the hexagon-roll transitions at smaller viscosity variations.     

三维非均匀地幔中深源电场和磁场的谱理论(Ⅰ)——基本耦合方程组

地球深部研究(SEDI)已经揭示出地幔中的温度和密度在大尺度下的三维非均匀结构,而地幔的电性结构是敏感地依赖于地幔的热状态的.对由地球发电机产生的非定常深源电场和磁场,在三维非均匀地幔中的扩散问题作3系统的探讨.根据球面矢量场的Helmholtz 分解定理,将支配的Maxwell 方程组分解为位势场Φ、环型场T 和极型场S 的基本耦合偏微分方程组,并利用张量球谐函数展开,得到该方程组的谱表示.以此,作为进一步研究核幔电磁耦合理论的必要基础.     

利用长周期面波研究华北地区地壳与上地幔结构的横向非均匀性

本文以太行山为界将华北地区分为东西两部分,东部为河淮块体,西部为鄂尔多斯块体.利用最小二乘法,从混合路径基阶瑞利面波群速度频散提取两块体的纯路径频散,并反演其地壳、上地幔的层状结构.所得结表果明,两块体的面波频散和地壳、上地幔结构存在明显差异.东部的河淮块体地壳较薄,地壳内平均速度比西部的鄂尔多斯块体壳内平均速度约低0.13km/s,壳内20km深度左右出现低速层;而西部的块体壳内速度成层递增,未见低速层出现.两块体上地幔顶部速度均偏低,地幔低速层的埋藏深度基本相同.但西部块体地幔低速层厚,且比东部块体地幔低速层的速度约低0.3km/s.     

3D chemical model for geological macromolecules

This study defines a chemical representation of the kerogen macromolecule based on data from physicochemical analyses. The model should permit: creation of various schematic drawings representing an average macromolecule; future integration of new analytical results (for instance on structures of biomarkers or biopolymers); and determination of the distribution of chemical bonds.The models developed in this study can be represented in a 3D space, using classical chemical symbols, in the form of cyclic groups linked to each other by aliphatic chains. One cyclic group is a connected set of aromatic, naphthenoaromatic or naphthenic rings. These cyclic groups are constructed using basic elements such as atoms and bonds defined by their length and direction.Modeling of kerogen is done in three successive steps. A library is first created to define atoms, bonds and cyclic groups. Secondly, starting from a set of equations describing the analytical results, cyclic and aliphatic groups are chosen in the appropriate stoechiometric amount to match the analytical data. Finally the construction is done: cyclic groups are placed randomly in a 3D space, connections are made by aliphatic chains, and functional groups are added.The molecular modeling software Xmol^TM can be operated on APOLLO stations. It allows the creation of libraries, the calculation of chemical bonds corresponding to the analyses and the construction of macromolecules. An example is given for a type III kerogen at the beginning of diagenesis.     

Interpretation of aeromagnetic anomalies over part of Southeastern Nigeria using three-dimensional Hilbert transformation

We present the results of the application of three-dimensional Hilbert transformation to the analysis of airborne total field magnetic anomalies over part of Southeastern Nigeria. This study not only substantiates the usefulness of 3-D Hilbert transforms in the interpretation of magnetic anomaly maps but also more clearly delineates the structural pattern of the area, of study. Results from the previous study are discussed in relation to the results of previous geological and geophysical studies of the area.     

邵东保和堂大冶灰岩沉积构造特征

保和堂大冶灰岩中发育丰富的沉积构造,对之研究有助于保和堂、乃至整个湘中的大冶灰岩形成环境的探讨。其第一段岩石发育了丘状波痕、丘状交错层理及粒序层理,是风暴作用的反映;泥裂、水雹痕属于暴露环境。说明大冶灰岩沉积的早期仍属潮上或潮间碳酸盐台地相。中期海水加深,发育了水平层理、变形层理及包卷层理等,近于台地边缘斜坡相。晚期的粒序层理、虫迹等构造,反映了海水再度变浅的趋势。     

白乃庙金矿床构造特征

白乃庙金矿床矿体围岩有白乃庙群绿片岩和长英片岩、石英闪长岩和斜长花岗岩等。矿床构造专题研究表明,控矿构造是白乃庙断层和次级断裂组成的帚状构造,并在断层交汇部位形成富矿柱。