长偏移距瞬变电磁测深法在碳酸盐岩覆盖区落实局部构造的应用效果

详述了长偏移距瞬变电磁测深法 (LoTEM )在碳酸盐岩地区进行局部构造落实的试验与效果。选择了面积约 2 0 0km2 的湖南桑植 -石门复向斜中的四望山构造区作为试验区。工区地形复杂 ,地表地质条件以高陡构造为主 ;表层为灰岩覆盖 ,电阻率一般大于 50 0Ω·m ,目标层为志留系泥岩 ,电阻率在 10Ω·m左右 ,埋深一般为 1～ 2km。试验布设场源 2个 ,测线 8条 ,共完成物理点 2 12个。测网基本均匀 ,线距 2km ,点距 50 0m。尽管测区内文化干扰十分严重 ,由于LoTEM法具有较强的抗干扰能力 ,资料质量的优良率达到了 80 %以上 ,单点电动势曲线 1s以前可靠 ,确保了资料解释质量。通过资料处理与反演 ,获得了该区各测线的电阻率深度剖面图 ,与工区内地震剖面对比的一致性较好 ,表明该方法能在如此复杂的地区进行局部构造落实     

黄海5．1级地震与新沂台前兆异常

分析新沂台电阻率、短水准资料发现，在1997年黄海5．1级地震之前，新沂台有很好的前兆异常与之对应。     

利用共轭梯度方法的电阻率三维反演若干问题研究

利用共轭梯度方法的电阻率三维反演是近几年才发展起来的 ,尚有诸多问题有待探讨。主要讨论了拉格朗日因子λ、共轭梯度迭代次数对三维反演结果的影响 ,以便获得良好的三维反演效果     

岩石破裂过程中电阻率变化机理的探讨

受压岩石在破裂过程中,视电阻率会出现明显的变化,其异常形态与实验条件有很大的关系. 实验中对磁铁石英岩样品施加了单轴压缩,岩石的破裂经反复加载和卸载实现,并在岩样的裂隙中注入了食盐溶液. 在实验的各阶段,对样品的主剖面重建出一系列内部真电阻率分布的图像,揭示了介质内的微细结构,从而探讨了视电阻率变化的原因. 实验发现,岩石中裂隙的存在及所含液体的饱和状态,是岩石在主破裂前控制电阻率变化的两个最重要的因素;低应力状态属常态导电过程,孔隙度的变化是主要因素;高应力状态属裂隙表面导电机制,随着破裂面在岩体内部出现,水和孔隙有了完全贯通的平面,多种导电机制都得以发挥作用. 此外,体导电结构的变化在宏观上表现为各向异性和图样有序性的增强.     

谈谈地震台站的电源建设

本文针对地震台站数字化监测仪器常因交流电源供给问题而发生故障进行了讨论 ,认为造成这种现象的主要原因是电压波动范围大、供电线路的突然通断等。提出安装一台交流参数稳压电源 ,配备一台不间断电源等解决方案。     

同时反演地层电阻率与侵入深度的数值方法

作者曾从电法测井的数学模型出发,在假定侵入深度为已知的条件下,给出了反演地层电阻率的一个迭代方法。本文在文献[1]的基础上,将侵入深度也作为反演参数之一,通过适当的变量代换,运用微分方程反问题的数值求解方法,得到了一个可以同时反演地层电阻率与侵入深度的迭代方法。     

Appreciation of spherically symmetric models of electrical conductivity

A procedure is suggested of a more effective and faster computation of the impedance, the transfer function and amplitudes of the induced field in a spherically symmetric model of the electrical conductivity. The existing induction data have been supplemented by about 80 new values derived from the analysis of daily means. The fit of the existing 1-D models of the electrical conductivity of the mantle to the set of induction data is investigated. The characteristic equation for the free electromagnetic oscillations of a radially inhomogeneous Earth is derived and its possible importance in solving the inverse problem of electric conductivity is pointed out.     

Electrical and electromagnetic borehole measurements: A review

Electrical and electromagnetic geophysical techniques have reached a high level of technological sophistication since they were first used in boreholes less than one hundred years ago. Borehole logging-the detailed determination of rock and fluid properties adjacent to the borehole, and borehole geophysics-extending the range of geophysical investigation large distances away from the borehole, are essential for exploration, assessment and production of earth resources, as well as for fundamental studies of the earth. Borehole electrical and electromagnetic methods incorporate 17 decades of the electromagnetic spectrum, from 1000-s geomagnetic studies, through resistivity and permittivity measurements, to high-resolution resistivity imaging, NMR and optical spectroscopy.     

Excitation of a half-space by a radial current sheet source

Some advantages and problems of the new geoelectrical prospecting method, i.e., vertical electric current soundings (VECS) are discussed. This method is based on using a new source, namely a circular electric dipole (CED). The source is installed by one of the transmitter poles grounded in the central point and the other pole uniformly grounded around with a radius determined by the depth of investigation desired. It can be defined as a noninductive source. The previous research was based on the diffusion approach. In this paper the author uses the solution with due regards for displacement currents in the frequency and time domain. A major disadvantage of the CED scheme is the need to provide a symmetrical grounding of the outer ring electrode. A possible way to avoid this requirement is to adopt an ungrounded CED array.     

电化学提取法的新型仪器──DY－1型电压调控仪

本文介绍了ＤＹ－１型电压调控仪的设计思想和仪器的电路结构、特点及功能，文中着重讨论了调压方法和保护电路的功能。该仪器在电化学提取时既可做到８路等电压提取，也可以使各路等电流提取，是科研和野外生产中所需要的设备之一。