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231.
文章通过对大同市地震应急基础数据库项目建设的现状,数据收集的过程进行分析,发现了目前存在的问题,进一步提出了改进的措施和建议,明确应建立各项管理制度,确保地震应急基础数据库在地震发生后发挥其作用。 相似文献
232.
Using the actual damage data of the strong earthquakes in Taiwan, the effectiveness of the earthquake risk indices, namely, peak ground acceleration (PGA) and spectral intensity (SI), is verified. PGA and Housner's [Housner GW. Spectrum intensity of strong-motion earthquakes. In: Proceedings of symposium on earthquakes and blast effects on structures. EERI, UCLA; 1952] definition of SI are directly compared. A three-parameter spectral intensity system with spectral intensities SIa, SIv, and SId in the acceleration, velocity, and displacement regions, respectively, is discussed. Here, the effectiveness of SI, SIa, SIv, and SId has been compared by using the available earthquake-damage data in Taiwan. Three period ranges, namely, 0.1–0.6, 0.6–1.6, and 1.6–3.0 s were used for structures of 1–6 stories, 7–20 stories, and 21 and more stories, respectively. The results indicate that the three-parameter system is a good risk index of the damage potential of earthquakes. 相似文献
233.
Trevor I. Allen David J. Wald Paul S. Earle Kristin D. Marano Alicia J. Hotovec Kuowan Lin Michael G. Hearne 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2009,7(3):701-718
We present an Atlas of ShakeMaps and a catalog of human population exposures to moderate-to-strong ground shaking (EXPO-CAT)
for recent historical earthquakes (1973–2007). The common purpose of the Atlas and exposure catalog is to calibrate earthquake
loss models to be used in the US Geological Survey’s Prompt Assessment of Global Earthquakes for Response (PAGER). The full
ShakeMap Atlas currently comprises over 5,600 earthquakes from January 1973 through December 2007, with almost 500 of these
maps constrained—to varying degrees—by instrumental ground motions, macroseismic intensity data, community internet intensity
observations, and published earthquake rupture models. The catalog of human exposures is derived using current PAGER methodologies.
Exposure to discrete levels of shaking intensity is obtained by correlating Atlas ShakeMaps with a global population database.
Combining this population exposure dataset with historical earthquake loss data, such as PAGER-CAT, provides a useful resource
for calibrating loss methodologies against a systematically-derived set of ShakeMap hazard outputs. We illustrate two example
uses for EXPO-CAT; (1) simple objective ranking of country vulnerability to earthquakes, and; (2) the influence of time-of-day
on earthquake mortality. In general, we observe that countries in similar geographic regions with similar construction practices
tend to cluster spatially in terms of relative vulnerability. We also find little quantitative evidence to suggest that time-of-day
is a significant factor in earthquake mortality. Moreover, earthquake mortality appears to be more systematically linked to
the population exposed to severe ground shaking (Modified Mercalli Intensity VIII+). Finally, equipped with the full Atlas
of ShakeMaps, we merge each of these maps and find the maximum estimated peak ground acceleration at any grid point in the
world for the past 35 years. We subsequently compare this “composite ShakeMap” with existing global hazard models, calculating
the spatial area of the existing hazard maps exceeded by the combined ShakeMap ground motions. In general, these analyses
suggest that existing global, and regional, hazard maps tend to overestimate hazard. Both the Atlas of ShakeMaps and EXPO-CAT
have many potential uses for examining earthquake risk and epidemiology. All of the datasets discussed herein are available
for download on the PAGER Web page ().
T. I. Allen and M. G. Hearne—contracted through Synergetics Incorporated. 相似文献
234.
235.
随着环保工作的深入,特别是“非典”之后,危险废物管理已引起政府高度重视。辽宁作为国家重化工业基地,危险废物产生量加上历史积累量居全国首位;由于历史原因,存在处置能力低、技术落后、管理起步晚、严重滞后等问题,严重威胁环境安全。妥善解决这些问题是全新课题。通过借鉴国内外危险废物管理方面的理论与实践经验,开展了辽宁省危险废物管理战略性研究,从减量化、资源化、再利用及最终安全处置方面分析,围绕提高危险废物利用处置能力,加快处置设施建设,提出合理规划布局及所应遵循的原则,促进危险废物利用处置应采取的政策性措施及加强管理等建议,最终实现全省危险废物在未来“十一五”期间安全处置的目标,为建设和谐辽宁提供环境安全。 相似文献
236.
Discontinuity controlled probabilistic slope failure risk maps of the Altindag (settlement) region in Turkey 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
The evaluation of potential rock slope problems using stereographic projection techniques known as kinematic analysis is one of the most important parts of a slope stability investigation to be carried out in jointed rock media. In conventional stereoprojection techniques for the assessment of possible rock slope failures, the peak orientations of joints together with the slope geometry and the friction angle of the weakness planes are used. Other possible joint orientations which may be encountered in the rock media are ignored, although they belong to the group of joint peak orientations. In this study, nearly vertical jointed andesites cropped out at the Altindag settlement region in Ankara were studied in order to evaluate the relevance of this ignored discontinuity orientation data on slope stability. As a result, probabilistic risk maps for planar, toppling and wedge failures were produced using the kinematic rules and digital elevation model of the study area. The comparison of the distribution of the actual failures in the area and the probabilistic risk maps prepared for the study area revealed that all of the identified failures are found to be located in the higher risk zones on the probabilistic risk maps. 相似文献
237.
对于象引黄入晋工程这样的由多个混凝土建筑物紧密且“硬性”衔接而成的,高精度、超长线路工程来说,村号系统设计是一个十分重要且具有实际应用意义的问题,为了避免高斯投影误差与高程投影误差对桩号的影响,解决桩号方面由此而引起的矛盾,以及满足工程远程运营管理对桩号的要求,作者提出了在工程的勘测设计、施工和运营管理等阶段中,应分别使用设计桩号、施工桩号和管理桩号,这3种桩号就构成了超长线路工程的桩号系统。文中 相似文献
238.
为了达到矿产资源管理系统科学、准确定量、动态反映等目的,我们以地理信息系统技术核心,在无锡市现有地质资料和管理资料的基础上,研制开发了以查询、统计、输出为主要功能的矿产资源管理信息系统(第一版)。建立了省、市、县、矿4层拓扑关系,实现了勘查项目管理、储量管理、资源开发管理和机构查询等功能。 相似文献
239.
海洋功能区划管理信息系统 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
海洋开发利用和保护已成为全球的热点。如何合理地利用海洋资源是未来社会经济可持续发展的重大问题。海洋功能区划是为实现海洋资源、社会经济可持续发展的重要举措。海洋功能区划管理信息系统是在地理信息系统的支持下,以海洋功能区划数据、基础地理数据和遥感数据为地理实体对象,集知识、分析、决策和服务为一体的系统。该系统从应用角度为空间数据管理和信息共享提供了一种可行的解决方案。本文以福建省海洋功能区划管理信息系统的建设为例,对系统的总体结构、功能、数据库和系统集成等方面进行了探讨。 相似文献
240.