我国大中型气田断裂输导天然气能力综合评价

通过统计我国63个大中型气田天然气输导通道类型得到,断裂输导是我国大中型气田天然气运移的主要通道.通过定义和求取断裂输导天然气能力综合评价参数,对我国46个大中型气田断裂输导天然气能力进行了综合评价,并据断裂输导天然气能力强弱将它们划分为输导能力强、中等和弱三个等级.通过定义和求取大中型气田天然气聚集效率,对我国46个大中型气田天然气聚集效率进行了研究,并据天然气聚集效率的高低将它们划分为高效、中效和低效3个等级.通过断裂输导天然气能力综合评价参数与盆地类型和天然气聚集效率之间关系研究,得到盆地类型不同,大中型气田断裂输导天然气能力不同.天然气聚集效率不同,所需要的断裂输导天然气能力也不同.     

广州市主城区风道特征与通风效能评估

本文以广州市主城区为研究对象,简化城市建筑群后绘制出无建筑区域的中心线,进而识别风道.利用2016年逐时风向风速数据,基于GIS提出了度量风道物理、热力属性的指标,据此分析风道特征,并对通风效能进行了评估.研究表明:①在40 m分辨率下识别出潜在风道中心线共有2451条,相互组合后达到风道标准的有142条,总通风面积为...     

飞机人工增雨作业的决策方法

利用中尺度模式计算云中的宏观物理特征量,结合分析作物生育期内不同时段降水对产量的影响程度及其变化特征,计算了不同区域逐旬每毫米增雨对作物经济效益的影响。提出用冰面饱和、水汽垂直输送、水汽积分量等云的宏观指标和各主要农作物不同生育阶段增雨的潜在经济效益指标等共同确定播云作业区的决策方法。在山东省人工增雨业务技术系统实践中,完成作业时间、作业高度和作业区范围的决策过程。     

Geotechnical applications of chemically enhanced drainage

The paper explores application of the engineered increase in soil permeability, achieved using reaction of guanidinium solutions with smectite soils, to geotechnical problems. The comparison between the finite element analysis of the enhanced permeability model for axisymmetric conditions and a simplified analytical solution demonstrates the importance of accounting for diffusive and dispersive fluxes. In order to illustrate possible practical application of the proposed soil improvement technique, two geotechnical examples have been numerically explored: improving performance of a ground water well and the stabilization of a slope by chemically enhanced drainage. For the well application, it has been demonstrated that for a relatively small degree of treatment, the power consumption can be reduced to a half, compared with the non‐treated soil. For the slope stability application, the water table downstream of the drain can be significantly lowered using moderate pump/collector pressures at the centre of the drain, causing a higher increase in the factor of safety for a larger area subjected to the chemically enhanced drainage. The particularly promising result is that in both applications the largest gain in the well/drain efficiency has been observed for smaller chemically enhanced areas, where a short duration of treatment and small amounts of chemicals decrease the power consumption and increase the safety factor at the highest rate. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Comparative Studies on Phosphorus Uptake and Growth Kinetics of the Microalga Tetraselmis subcordiformis and the Macroalga Ulva pertusa

Short-term uptake experiments and long-term semicontinuous culture experiments were performed under the condition of phosphorus (P) limitation to estimate and compare the P uptake and growth kinetics of the microalga Tetraselmis subcordiformis and the macroalga Ulva pertusa. Two new parameters, the maximum specific uptake rate (Vm^sp) and the maximal growth efficiency (β), are introduced to achieve uniformity for the comparison of nutrient uptake and growth efficiency between microalgae and macroalgae. T. subcordiformis possesses 3 times lower half saturation uptake constant, 4 times higher maximal growth rate and 20 times higher maximum specific uptake rate than U. pertusa, while U. pertusa possesses 4 times higher maximal growth efficiency than T. subcordiformis.     

经济地理要研究我国新问题开拓新领域

文章从人口、资源、牛态环境三方面探讨了我国当前经济发展所面临的新问题、并指出了经济地理学今后的发展方向和内容。     

热力学第二定律效率的分析

本文讨论热力学第二定律效率的意义,对当前国内外正在研讨的第二定律效率的定义问題提出一些看法,闡明关于第二定律效率的基本观点;最后根据热力学第二定律,从我国实际出发,提出为有效地利用能源首先应该采取的关鍵措施。     

江西玉山石煤烧结包裹与钒转化的研究

江西玉山含钒石煤既是低热值能源,又是一种新类型钒矿资源。为充分利用这种资源,在600～1150℃下进行了氧化培烧和钠化焙烧,测定了煤灰的松装密度d和钒转化率η,研究厂烧结包裹作用。结果表明:温度升高,煤灰烧结严重,对钒包裹几率加大,钒转化率降低。石煤作为能源利用时,燃烧温度不宜超过950℃,石煤钠化焙烧提钒最佳温度775℃。在两种焙烧条件下的石煤烧结机理作了探讨,并进一步得出玉山石煤烧结与包裹的关系式。     

东亚国民文化特质与经济发展

本文在探讨东亚地区国民文化特质形成背景的基础上,着重分析了日本,亚洲“四小龙”的国民文化特质在其地区发展中的作用,并指出其对我国在发展现代化经济过程中应重视提高国民文化素质的启示。     

Effects of rupture complexity and stress regime on scaling relations of induced microseismic events

Source parameter scaling relations are examined for microseismic events (–2.4M–0.3) occurring within higyly and moderately stressed and fractured rock masses at Strathcona mine, Sudbury, Canada. Insight into scaling is provided by waveform complexities, calculated rupture velocities, and maximum shear stresses based onin situ and numerical modelling data. The importance of normal stress on the failure process is also considered. Our results show that a strong dependence exists between stress release and seismic moment. An observed positive scaling in excess stress release (/2– _a ) is consistent with the concept of overshoot. Rupture velocities ranging from 0.2 to 0.5 and waveform complexities less than 1.5 suggested that overshoot was related to healing behind a slowly advancing rupture front. Scaling in seismic efficiency paralleled that in apparent stress, implying that seismic stress release estimates are quasi-independent of the maximum shear stress. High levels of normal stress further supported the importance of high resisting stress in the observed overshoot behaviour and its role in the failure process.