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141.
Papadimitriou P. Voulgaris N. Kassaras I. Kaviris G. Delibasis N. Makropoulos K. 《Natural Hazards》2002,27(1-2):15-33
On 7 September 1999 at 11:56 GMT a destructive earthquake (Mw = 6.0) occurred close to Athens (Greece). The rupture process is examined using data from the Cornet local permanent network, as well as teleseismic recordings. Data recorded by a temporary seismological network were analyzed to study the aftershock sequence. The mainshock was relocated at 38.105°N, 23.565°E, about 20 km northwest of Athens. Four foreshocks were also relocated close to the mainshock. The modeling of teleseismic P and SH waves provides a well-constrained focal mechanism of the mainshock (strike = 105°, dip = 55° and rake = -80°) at a depth of 8 km and a seismic moment M0 = 1.01025 dyn·cm. The obtained fault plane solution represents normal faulting indicating an almost north-south extension. More than 3500 aftershocks were located, 1813 of which present RMS < 0.1 s and ERH, ERZ < 1.0 km. Two main clusters were distinguished, while the depth distribution is concentrated between 2 and 11 km. Over 1000 fault plane solutions of aftershocks were constrained, the majority of which also correspond to N–S extension. No surface breaks were observed but the fault plane solution of the mainshock is in agreement with the tectonics of the area and with the focal mechanisms obtained by aftershocks. The hypocenter of the mainshock is located on the deep western edge of the fault plane. The relocated epicenter coincides with the fringe that represents the highest deformation observed on the differential interferometric image. The calculated source duration is 5 sec, while the estimated dimensions of the fault are 15 km length and 10 km width. The source process is characterized by unilateral eastward rupture propagation, towards the city of Athens. An evident stop phase observed in the recordings of the Cornet local stations is interpreted as a barrier caused by the Aegaleo Mountain. 相似文献
142.
Stability of earthquake moment tensor inversions: effect of the double-couple constraint 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We show that spurious large non-double-couple components can be obtained in inversions for the full deviatoric moment tensor for shallow crustal earthquakes due to inaccurate Earth models. The traditional “best double-couple” solution does not in general provide an optimal estimate of a double-couple mechanism, and is only reliable when the non-double-couple component of the full deviatoric solution is small. The inverse problem for the moment tensors of the 1998 Antarctic Plate and 2000 Wharton Basin strike-slip earthquakes is shown in each case to have two well-fitting minima in the misfit function of pure double-couple solutions. Such pairs of solutions are most likely to exist for earthquakes which are close either to vertical strike-slip or to dip-slip on a fault plane dipping at 45°. It is shown theoretically that these pairs of solutions arise from the combination of the pure double-couple constraint and the instability of two elements of the moment tensor. No significant non-double-couple component is found for the shallow thrusting 1996 Biak, Indonesia earthquake. 相似文献
143.
A major earthquake (M=6.6) occurred on 21 June 2000, in South Iceland. This paper presents an unusual example of left-lateral strike-slip displacement recorded in a newly asphalted car park surface through a mechanically consistent pattern of open fissures and pressure ridges resulting from simple shear and rotation. Measurement of these features allows accurate reconstruction of the local deformation. The behaviour of the asphalt layer resembles that of analogue physical models, especially in terms of rotations induced by shear deformation. It is finally shown that through a wide range of scales some basic patterns associating rotation and opposite senses of strike-slip exist in the South Iceland Seismic Zone. 相似文献
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146.
历史地震资料与地震的中长期预测 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
故障诊断模型的基本内容是根据动态系统的外部特征来判断系统内部是否发生故障及确定故障发生的部位、时间和大小。由于故障诊断技术在监测及诊断故障的思路上和地震预报有很多相似之处,因此,把故障诊断技术应用于地震预报是可行的。由于该模型与其他数学模型一样,需要有较多的学习过程,所以历史地震资料在该模型中有重要作用。而其中的鲁棒性故障诊断模型在抑制各子模型的个性,凸现其共性方面有其特有的性质,所以把它作为一种综合模型,能抑制各子模型的个性,突出在地震预测方面的共性,从而提高预测的精确性。本文根据一个实例,说明了这种综合性模型的可行性。在文章的最后,由信息量的分析,说明了模型的鲁棒性特征。 相似文献
147.
震源时间函数与震源破裂过程 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
简要介绍了现代数字地震学的两个重要概念。一个是震源时间函数,另一个是地震震源的时空破裂过程。首先,从地震断层位移表示定量出发,介绍震源时间函数和震源破裂过程的基本概念。然后,分别介绍两种从远场地震记录中提取震源时间函数和获取有限断层面上时空破裂过程图像的反演方法。 相似文献
148.
科技期刊发展的挑战与机遇 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
中国加入世贸组织后 ,面对开放的世界性大市场的直接冲击 ,我国出版发行行业的竞争必将更加激烈。优胜劣汰 ,会直接考验每个出版社、每份期刊。为了使我国的期刊在竞争中成为胜者 ,探讨了科技期刊参与竞争的困难与优势 ,提出了如何提高我国科技期刊竞争力的粗浅看法 相似文献
149.
150.
岩石破裂实验,地球岩石层断裂构造运动,地震孕育、发生和发展过程等研究表明,地震活动的时间、空间和强度分布特征具有分形结构。作为一种分维理论的应用,本文利用厦门数字化地震遥测台网的数据,采用信息的分析方法,对福建省的地震多发区-漳州、华安、龙岩地区的地震活动进行了分析和研究,讨论了信息维随时间变化的特征。 相似文献