Power Law Distribution of Broadband Radiated Energy for Global Seismicity

The claim that there exists a transition of earthquake energy distribution between small and large earthquakes is checked using broadband radiated energy of earthquakes for global seismicity. Scattering of the relation between the magnitude and the broadband radiated energy makes it necessary to use the energy data directly. Rank-ordering statistics is applied to enhance the resolution in retrieving the power law distribution with undersampled data, namely, a few tens of events. Seen in the perspective of broadband radiated energy with higher resolution, there is no evidence for the kink in the frequency-energy distribution for large and small earthquakes. Instead, a single power law can well explain the data. For earthquakes with energy larger than 10~(14) J, we find that the number N of events with energy E depends on E via N ∝ E-B, with the scaling constant B = 0.64 ± 0.04, corresponding to b = 0.95± 0.06.     

地震前兆群体空间非均匀性指标Cv值研究

本文描述了排除地台站空间分布不均匀、台站观测项目数量不同等非地震成因因素影响后的前兆群体空间非均匀性研究思路及其指标Ｃｖ值,确定了Ｃｖ值反映的前兆群体空间分布图象的类型及其判定方法。利用Ｃｖ值对华北地区１９９５年以来的水氡短临前兆异常群体空间非均匀性及其与地震的关系进行了分析,结果表明,华北地区１９９５年１月１日至１９９８年２月１日发生的５次５级以上中强地震前,前兆群体空间分布出现５次非均匀性增强     

Google Earth在地震应急中的应用

Google Earth是当前非常流行的三维虚拟地球仪软件, 以在全球范围内提供丰富的遥感影像资源而著称, 得到了许多行业的普遍应用。 我国目前地震应急指挥工作的GIS数据还是以二维展示为主, 引入新技术具有重要的意义。 Google Earth在我国的地震应急指挥工作中可以采取如下应用方案: 制作并加载行政区划图, 发布公众地震信息; 与GPS结合, 进行救援路线导航与跟踪; 根据现场资料建立三维模型, 展现地震灾区现场立体场景变化。 该应用方案对我国的地震应急指挥改革具有借鉴意义。     

山西阳泉地区农村房屋抗震性能现状及强化对策研究

在调查阳泉地区30个乡镇10 032户农村房屋的基础上,分析了阳泉地区农村房屋建筑的种类分布、结构特征、农村房屋的震害机制和主要影响因素以及农村房屋抗震性能的现状,指出了农村房屋建筑存在的具体问题,提出了提高农村房屋建筑抗震能力的具体措施。     

中卫活动断裂带地震破裂危险区演化特征模拟

通过建立的岩石破裂危险度KR及断层滑动危险系数KF2个判别指标,对中卫一同心活动断裂带进行粘弹性有限元数值模拟,得到该断裂带在现代构造应力场作用下大震后的应力演变及地震破裂危险区长度、范围、峰值、衰减规律等的演化特征。结果表明,该断裂带大震后应力场的调整主要产生于震后300～400年间,震后地震破裂危险区转移到断裂带的中西段,并逐渐向东迁移,范围越来越集中,最终转移到断裂带的弧形顶点部位(红谷梁附近)。     

汶川大地震前宏观异常的现场调查

笔者对汶川大地震震区进行了20余天的现场调查, 主要围绕着极震区的汶川、 都江堰等市县镇村, 以及离开震中较远的宜宾、 高县的镇县、 乐山市、 广元市的苍溪等地区。 通过与灾区居民和村民的直接交谈、 实地考察与现象拍摄, 收集到震前宏观异常现象共约120余条, 包括电磁场、 地下流体、 地质异常、 动物、 人的感觉、 气象、 地声、 植物共计八类。 调查说明, 汶川大地震前确实存在一定数量和领域宽广的宏观异常现象, 其中的一些鲜为人知。 笔者认为专群结合、 群测群防是中国地震预报事业的不可缺少的重要环节, 对开拓专业研究的思路、 普及地震科学知识均有深远影响。 在地震预报难以解决的情况下, 应该考虑更为现实的技术途径和社会防范措施。     

Structural geomorphology,active faulting and slope deformations in the epicentre area of the MW 7.0, 1857, Southern Italy earthquake

In tectonically active domains, fault propagation processes are revealed by landforms. A characteristic morphological feature of exposed active faults is the occurrence of triangular facets. Triangle-shaped landforms morphologically similar to fault-related triangular facets result from erosion of moderately-to-steeply dipping strata or layered successions along fold limbs and are known as flatirons. Triangular facets and flatirons may commonly coexist in mountain chains resulting from the superposition of recent extensional faulting on inherited fold-and-thrust architecture. In these settings analysis of flatirons and triangular facets is not trivial and may result in geomorphologic misinterpretations, hence undermine the interpretations of the geological structure and related deformation history. Here we show that active fault lineaments can be discriminate by inherited morpho-structure. We present the combined results of photo-geological and field survey carried out along well-exposed triangular shaped landforms located in the seismically active Upper Agri River Valley of the Southern Apennine. We found that triangular shaped landforms develop along a major fold back-limb, the Mt. Lama western slope, making it possible to unequivocally interpret these as flatirons. Downslope, Mt. Lama back limb is affected by a large deep-sited landslide whose scarp bound the flatirons and mimics a Holocene fault scarp. This inference appears significant, since the investigated landforms were interpreted by many authors as triangular facets related to an active normal fault, located at its foot, responsible for large historical earthquakes (i.e., the 1857 earthquake). We provide new criteria to discriminate morphologic convergence in tectonically active domains, with consequences for the regional geological interpretation, and for the assessment of geological hazards.     

基于Exchange Server 5.0前兆网络邮件系统的建立

各省地震局 95 - 0 1- 0 2地震信息网络项目采用的邮件系统是基于 IRIX 6 .5操作系统的Netscape Mail Server2 .0 ,由于其应用与管理有局限性 ,笔者进行了基于 NT系统的 ExchangeServer5 .0邮件系统的应用研究 ,详细论述了基于 Exchange Server5 .0的黑龙江省地震前兆信息网络邮件系统的安装及配置过程 ,得出该网络邮件系统有管理方便、功能强大的结论     

5次中强震前河源地电台地电阻率的异常变化

１９７５￣１９９１年间,广东河源市新丰江水库区发生了５次ＭＬ４．７￣５．１级地震。距震中１０ｋｍ以内的河源黄子洞地电台记录到了震前不同程度的地电阻率异常变化。采用距平法消除年变干扰后异常延续时间一般为３个月左右,电阻率异常下降幅度在１％左右。利用《指南》中的震兆异常信度分析法确认其异常信度后,利用模糊信息处理法对异常判定地震三要素进行了计算,结果与实际基本符合。