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321.
从信息量的角度出发,研究定量描述地震活动时空分布异常图象的方法,并定义缺信量I_q值来定量分析地震活动在时间轴上或空间上分布图象的异常程度。文中还根据1978~1990年新疆天山部分地区的地震资料,计算出了4条I_q——t曲线,发现在研究的时段和区域内发生的10多次M_s≥5.0级地震,绝大多数有I_q低值异常。 相似文献
322.
地震目录是地震监测预报、地震活动性等研究的重要资料.川滇地震科学实验场地区近几十年来积累了大量的地震记录,为实验场的地震科学研究提供了宝贵的数据.地震台网密度和仪器观测精度是逐步提高的,不同时期地震目录的完整性存在差异,因此进行现代仪器观测记录的地震目录最小完整性震级(MC,Magnitude of Completeness)分析,对正确研究和认识该地区地震活动规律及其影响因素等具有重要意义.本文采用震级—序号方法、最大曲率法(MAXC,Maximum Curvature)和拟合度检测法(GFT,Goodness-of-Fit Test)分析了川滇地震科学实验场地区1970—2018年地震目录的最小完整性震级MC值,得到了实验场地区及其内部各地震区(带)MC值的时间演化特征和空间分布特征.结果表明,实验场地区及其内部各地震区(带)MC值变化趋势大致为1970—1986年ML2.0~2.6,1987—1999年ML2.5~2.6,2000—2008年后ML1.4~2.1,2009—2018年ML1.2~1.9;实验场地区MC值的空间分布大致呈现东北部和西南部较低、西北部和东南部较高的特征,其中云南最南端的澜沧—耿马区和思普区、四川西北部的理塘—木里区以及川藏交界处的金沙江带MC值普遍较高,云南北部和四川南部的松潘—龙门山带、安宁河带、元谋区、楚雄—建水带和大理—丽江—盐源区MC值普遍较低;强震会使MC值出现突然升高、之后逐渐恢复的现象,其中MC值升高程度与震级有一定相关性,并且强震导致的MC值升高是MC值空间和时间分布不均匀的原因之一. 相似文献
323.
2011年日本MW9.0地震(简称日本地震)后沂沭断裂带及其两侧地区地震活动显著增强,研究日本地震对该地区地壳运动及地震潜势的影响十分必要.为此,本文通过112个连续GPS观测站获取了研究区高空间分辨率的日本地震同震形变场并得到如下认识:(1)8个定点地球物理观测的同震响应验证了本文同震形变场的可靠性;日本地震的东向拉张使研究区整体上处于张性同震应变状态,但存在局部挤压区域,其中莱州湾至海州湾的挤压条带穿过沂沭断裂带并对断裂带南北两段产生了不同的同震作用,对南段具有拉张作用,对北段产生挤压作用;(2)同震形变场在鲁东隆起和鲁西断块产生了显著的剪应变,地震b值显示上述区域的构造应力在日本地震后增强,因此同震形变场可能改变了这些区域的应力特征;(3)地震矩张量叠加分析显示,同震形变场短期内对鲁西断块、鲁东隆起区和沂沭断裂带南段累积了地震矩,可能有助于上述区域在日本地震以后的地震活动增强;日本地震对沂沭断裂带北段的地震矩具有释放作用,或许是该区域地震活动减弱的原因. 相似文献
324.
为探究贵州省地震灾害风险薄弱环节,减轻地震灾害风险,以贵州省罗甸县为示范,采用地震危险性概率分析方法对各乡镇进行危险性分析,开展地震灾害承灾体现场抽样调查,通过层次分析法和问卷调查的方式,首次构建乡镇级别的地震灾害风险和减灾能力指标体系,评估各乡镇地震灾害综合指数和程度,计算各乡镇地震灾害风险指数,确定红水河镇为高风险区、罗悃镇为中风险区、木引等7个乡镇为低风险区,并从建筑物设防、地震地质灾害及水库地震等角度剖析罗甸县地震灾害特点,从农村危房改造、移民搬迁、地质灾害防护及交通等方面提出减小地震灾害风险的建议。 相似文献
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Water resources in residential areas are negatively affected by floods. In addition, many aquifers are contaminated as a result of urbanization. Great damage caused during earthquakes are partly attributed to the residential pattern which ignores the potential effect of groundwater. Hydrogeological and hydrological surveys must be carried out in the residential areas to determine the interaction between water and residential development of all types.Recent hydrogeological and hydrological investigations regarding the impact of urbanization were made for the city of Burdur (Turkey). To evaluate the effect of earthquakes on groundwater, groundwater isohypse and groundwater isopach maps were prepared showing most of the buildings within the Burdur city boundaries, which are in the areas where groundwater depth is less than 10 m. This is considered a critical depth for liquefaction during an earthquake. Lowering of the groundwater table has to be considered as one of the alternatives in reducing earthquake hazards. The chemical makeup of groundwater was also determined to consider its relationship to contamination and possible effects upon the foundations. Streams flowing across the Burdur residential area formed a flooding risk. Results of the peak flow analysis can be used to design improvements for the city. Maps of the best residential development areas have been prepared by using hydrological and hydrogeological results. 相似文献
329.
High and Aswan Dams Authority (HADA) proposed a plan aiming at constructing a rockfill dam in the Kalabsha area, about 60 km south of Aswan High Dam. The aim of this dam is to restrain the overflow of water to the Kalabsha Valley for keeping one billion cubic meters from being lost due to seepage and evaporation. The safety of dams during earthquakes is extremely important because failure of such a structure may have disastrous consequences on life and property. Therefore, different factors were considered as part of a site assessment. Five seismic source zones, close enough to the site to give rise to potentially damaging earthquake ground motions, were identified. Seven active faults that have the potential for producing significant earthquakes and that pass through or near the dam site were also identified. The earthquake loading represented by ground motions at the site was evaluated. Probabilistic seismic hazard procedures were used for assessing the earthquake loading at six individual sites using Area-and Line-Source Models (ASM & LSM). The ASM is based on current observed seismicity, whereas the LSM is based on geological slip rates. The output represents the expected acceleration amplitude with 90 percent probability of not being exceeded in exposure times of 20, 50, and 100 years. The results from the two models appear to be different, the expected ground motions from ASM were twice as high as expected from LSM. This difference is due to the load of the Aswan reservoir (Nasser Lake) triggering earthquakes on those parts of the faults that lie under the lake at Kalabsha area. The hazard at the selected sites is given by the hazard curve that is represented by the relationship between the peak ground acceleration and its annual exceedance probability. By comparing the curves for the six individual sites for the same source model, it can be concluded that the potential ground acceleration level for all the sites is almost the same. Considering the mean results from the two models, the annual exceedance probability of the expected ground acceleration from ASM is approximately ten times higher than the annual exceedance probability from LSM.Since ASM is based on current seismicity, it is more appropriate forrepresenting the actual hazard for the dam site. 相似文献
330.
本文利用多种数学方法对“九五”期间辽宁省地震前兆台网数字化改造后的观测资料进行了分析处理,并对各测项数据进行了质量评价。分析认为,数字观测资料在精度,数据稳定性和可靠性等各方面均达到预报指标要求。 相似文献