Building damage in Dujiangyan during Wenchuan Earthquake

A field damage survey of 1,005 buildings damaged by the Wenchuan Earthquake in Dujiangyan City was carried out and the resulting data was analyzed using the statistical method. It is shown that buildings that were seismically designed achieved the desired seismic fortification target; they sustained less damage than the non-seismically designed buildings. Among the seismically designed buildings investigated, RC frame buildings performed the best in terms of seismic resistance. Masonry buildings with a ground story of RC frame structure were the second best, and masonry buildings performed the worst. Considering building height, multistory buildings sustained more severe damage than high-rise buildings and 2- and 3-story buildings. Compared to residential buildings, public buildings, such as schools and hospitals, suffered more severe damage.     

南亚(巴基斯坦)地震灾害分布及成因分析

通过对南亚地震震害及其成因的分析表明,南亚地震灾害具有以下特点：①南亚地震的发震构造为喜马拉雅前缘弧形逆冲断层,地震地表破裂带发育的巴拉考特镇为此次地震的极震区,大量建筑物倒塌,造成严重的人员伤亡：②建筑物震害呈有规律分布：③地表破裂带和沿河谷两岸以及山坡的滑坡、建筑物没有抗震设防、建筑物结构不合理等是造成损失惨重的主因。     

国家地震紧急救援训练基地废墟训练场训练功能设计

本文简要介绍了国家地震紧急救援训练基地废墟训练场废墟构筑物A的背景和工程概况,主要从搜索功能训练和救援功能训练两个方面对废墟进行了功能设计：针对废墟构筑物A在训练功能实现过程中存在的问题进行了讨论,并提出了解决方法,为废墟A能更好的满足训练功能的要求提出了建议。     

两淮地区煤炭资源地质勘探类型定量综合评价方法

安全、高效的现代化矿井建设,要求煤炭资源勘探速度快、精度高。通过总结安徽两淮地区近几十年来煤炭资源综合勘探经验,围绕“高精度、快速勘探”的主题,采用恰当的评价指标,对煤层稳定性和构造复杂程度进行定量评价,并提出了本地区煤炭资源地质勘探类型定量综合评价原则和方法,开发了定量评价软件系统。实际应用效果证明,该方法可行,结果可靠。      

Localised coherent response of the La Molina basin (Lima,Peru) to earthquakes,and future approaches suggested by Parkway basin (New Zealand) experience

Earthquake records from a 1984 temporary seismograph array set up in La Molina, Lima, Peru, are re-analysed. The array comprised eight three-component geophones; seven soil based and one rock based. Values of horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) for two small earthquakes peaked at around 1.3 Hz. In one distant earthquake, four of the seven soil-based stations showed a peak at 1.25 Hz in soil-to-rock spectral ratio (SSR), the same dominant frequency observed during an aftershock of a damaging earthquake. Because this frequency is not compatible with the shear wave velocity profile attributed to La Molina, and because the spectral peak is confined to a small ground area, it is concluded that the peak is caused by a localised deposit of soft soil. Because the area associated with the spectral peak includes the area of great damage in 1974, it is concluded that coherent monochromatic behaviour is responsible for the damage.     

地下流体长趋势异常变化与强震预测的初步研究

以华北、川滇、青藏东北缘、新疆及邻区等重点地区的地下流体观测点为基础,选择水位、水氡、水温、汞等长期观测资料,进行了历史强震震例的地下流体长趋势资料处理、干扰排除和异常提取的方法和技术的研究,初步建立了分区的强地震地下流体长期预测指标并探讨其异同。     

大盈江断裂西南段晚第四纪活动研究

根据断裂地质、地貌特征和卫星影象资料,阐述了大盈江西南段晚第四纪的活动特征和运动方式.结果表明:大盈江西南段主要表现为左旋走滑运动,为晚更新世活动断裂,沿断裂历史上发生过6级左右地震.     

Emergency Seismic Damage Assessment of the M_S8.0 Great Wenchuan Earthquake Based on Remote Sensing Imagery

The fast processing, seismic damage data extraction and loss evaluation from RS imagery acquired immediately after a destructive earthquake occurs, are important means for compen-sating the insufficiency of seismic damage information from ground-based investigations and provide an important basis for emergency command and rescue. The paper introduces the method of emergency seismic damage assessment using remote sensing data and its application to the great Wenchuan earthquake of magnitude 8.0 occurring in southwest Sichuan Province on May 12, 2008. The practical effectiveness of the method is also evaluated in the paper.     

汶川8.0级地震序列活动的分段性研究

在汶川8.0级地震序列的跟踪研究中, 发现汶川地震序列具有明显的空间分段活动特点。 根据对汶川地震余震序列的部分测震学指标计算, 结果表明, 汶川地震序列可能是由以绵竹为界, 其西南段的汶川主-余震序列和绵竹北东段的北川－青川6级震群地震序列组成, 汶川地震可能具有龙门山活动构造的继承性运动特点。     

汶川8.0级与昆仑山口西8.1级地震前地震活动异常特征与启示

两次特大地震前在不同时段、 不同范围出现了多项相似的地震活动性异常, 它们对预测特大地震具有一定意义: ① 两次大震前10余年, 青藏块体同期出现了两个规模巨大的中强以上地震增强区, 两次大地震发生在增强区内的空区里; ② 两次巨大地震前数年, 形成规模巨大的中强地震活动带, 地震发生在两个条带间的平静区里; 同期形成中等以上地震活动环, 其内部的地震频度、 加卸载响应比及非均匀度等参数甚高, 且随时间而变化, 这可作为孕震进入中期的信号; ③ 两次大震前的震群、 震丛均很显著, 昆仑山口西地震前四个显著震丛环绕震中四周分布, 汶川地震前震群在震中周围形成包围圈, 它们应视为大震孕育进入后期的显示; ④ 大震前数月, 靠近发震断裂带发生少量中小地震或少见的震群。 汶川地震前10个月, 龙门山断裂带北部发生两次青川4级多地震和松潘4.3级地震, 南部康定附近发生3次4级以上地震。 紫坪铺水库区小震群于震前3个月活动十分强烈。 昆仑山口西地震前约1年青海兴海发生6.6级地震, 昆仑山口西发生5.1级地震, 该地震距离8.1级地震约30 km。这些特征给我们的重要启示是: ① 特大地震前出现的前兆时空特征与常见的中强地震差异很大, 现行的监测预报体制(分省分片负责)与特大地震前兆不相适应; ② 特大地震的预测预报不能单纯依靠地震前兆, 必须与地质构造及深部探测紧密结合起来; ③ 特大地震的预测预报应有新的预报战略、 观测系统与组织机构相适应。