GEOCITY: a drill-hole database as a tool to assess geological hazard in Napoli urban area

The geological investigations of Napoli city, which represent the basic data source for geological hazard assessment, are characterized by the absence of well exposed and continuous outcrops, mainly due to the development of the urbanized area occurred in the last 50 years. In order to increase the set of available geological information, a database named GEOCITY has been realized on the base of 900 drill holes with stratigraphies reflecting the main drill-hole surveys performed during the last century. The true key moments in its construction were the homogenisation of different data and the identification of the geological formations. A detailed analysis of the drill-hole raw data allowed us to define the database entities, while the features of the deposits, the distribution of products and the reference drill holes were used to identify the geological formation. The analysis performed using the GEOCITY database made it possible to better assess volcanic hazard from Campi Flegrei and Somma-Vesuvio and the hazard related to alluvial phenomena that Napoli city is exposed to.     

QK系列多功能取样钻机的研制

介绍了QK系列多功能取样钻机的类型、基本结构以及性能特点。该系列钻机在实际应用中,体现了结构设计合理先进,较好地突出了＂轻便、快捷、高效＂的特点与优势。     

Magnetic rock properties of the gabbros from the ODP Drill Hole 1105 A of the Atlantis Bank, Southwest Indian Ridge

Laboratory studies of 30 samples from 158 m long drill core of the Hole 1105 A (ODP Leg 179) of the Atlantis Bank, Southwest Indian Ridge have revealed magnetic properties of the gabbros, olivine gabbros, oxide gabbros and olivine oxide gabbros down the core. Comparison of modal proportions of the oxides, grain sizes and magnetization parameters of the rocks has confirmed that most coarse-grained oxide mineral bearing rocks record low Koenigsberger ratio (2 to 5) and median destructive fields (5 to 7 mT). Average natural remanent magnetization (J_nrm) and stable remanent magnetization (J_st) of the core samples are 5.8 A/m and 1.9 A/m, respectively. Their mean stable magnetic inclination is 66‡ ± 4‡, about 14‡ steeper than the expected dipole inclination of the area similar to the one reported at Hole 735 B. The excess inclination perhaps marks a tectonic block rotation of the reversely magnetized rocks of the bank. We interpret that gabbros and serpentinites devoid of basaltic carapace significantly contribute to seafloor spreading anomalies of the bank.     

非开挖水平定向钻机钻头的类型及适应性分析

非开挖水平钻机是非开挖铺管技术的核心机械,直接关系到铺设工程的成败;钻头作为钻机的一个部件,主要起到导向成孔、扩孔和清孔的作用。钻头的选择直接关系到后续拖管的难易程度,因此,根据不同的地质和施工要求应选择相应的钻头。本文就非开挖钻机扩孔钻头的类型及适应性作了详细地分析。     

Simulation of axis-symmetric seismic waves in fluid-filled boreholes in the presence of a drill string

A numerical algorithm for simulation of 2-D (axis-symmetric) wave propagation using a multidomain approach is proposed. The method uses a cylindrical coordinate system, Chebyshev and Fourier differential operators to calculate the spatial derivatives along the radial and vertical direction, respectively, and a Runge–Kutta time-integration scheme. The numerical technique is based on the solution of the equations of momentum conservation combined with the stress–strain relations of the fluid (drilling mud) and isotropic elastic media (drill string and formation). Wave modes and radiated waves are simulated in the borehole-formation system. The algorithm satisfies the reciprocity condition and the results agree with an analytical solution and low-frequency simulation of wave-propagation modes reported in the literature. Examples illustrating the propagation of waves are presented for hard and soft formations. Moreover, the presence of casing, cement, and formation heterogeneity have been considered. Since the algorithm is based on a direct (grid) method, the geometry and the properties defining the media at each grid point, can be general, i.e., there are no limitations such as planar interfaces or uniform (homogeneous) properties for each medium.      

XY-8型钻机配套的钻场数字信息采集及传输系统

为提高钻探工作的科学性,实现钻探过程连续监测和孔内异常工况提前预报,将电子技术、计算机技术、通信技术与钻探技术相结合,研发了XY-8型钻机配套的钻场数字信息采集传输系统,实现了钻进参数的采集、处理、储存以及远程传输,实现了孔内异常工况的提前预报,工作人员可通过视频传输远程管理钻探现场。该系统在河南灵宝地区的应用,取得了较好的经济效益。简要介绍了该系统的组成、功能、特点、参数检测原理、系统软件和生产应用效果。     

江西相山火山岩型铀矿田邹家山与牛头岭矿区地球物理特征对比研究

江西相山火山盆地是我国火山岩型铀矿的重要产地,其地形复杂,切割强烈,矿藏分布不均,各矿区具有不同的地球物理特征。利用相山地区重力资料,结合磁法、MT数据以及相关地质资料,运用地球物理反演,比较了邹家山与牛头岭矿床,并用钻孔、遥感以及地质资料做了验证。推测相山矿田存在东、西双岩浆活动中心,邹家山与牛头岭之间存在大型断裂带,两边各有次生断裂,两地矿床在成矿地质环境、物质来源以及成矿深度上存在差异。     

A 26ka Continuous Stratigraphic Record of Surface Rupturing Earthquakes in Drill Logs Across the Xiadian Fault,Hebei Province,China

This paper deals wiah a new method for identification of long-term slip behavior of a conceaiedfault in a plain area from tectono-stratigraphic and chronological data obtained by drilling.Chronological determination and lithological analysis and correlation of sediments in stratigraphic colunms of drills NO.1 and No.2 at Dongliuhe Village on the hanging and foot walls ofXiadian fault allow us to quantitatively reconstruct the differential sedimentary history and vertical dislocation process on the hanging and foot walls of the fault since 26 ka BP and to set upa tectono-stratigraphic indicators for identifying paleoearthquakes.On this basis,taking theaccumulative vertical displacement of both sides of a fault to be a quantitative constraint,thestate before an abrupt dislocation in surface-rupturing earthquake can be reconstructed(de-ducting the later coseismic vertical displacement),then 11 surface-rupturing paleoseismic even-ts can be identified.A close correlation between recurrence behavior of surface     

一款可获取大直径冰芯的钻机——蓝冰钻

蓝冰钻（BID,Blue Ice Drill）是一款大直径、便携式钻机系统,由美国麦迪逊-威斯康辛大学冰钻设计与操作团队研发,可以从近地面的钻点快速获取直径241 mm、无污染的冰芯样品.蓝冰钻的主要组成部分如下：1）下井电机/齿轮减速器：带动冰芯钻刀和外管内的芯管旋转,以便高效运送切割下来的固态冰;2）变频驱动器及配套的控制箱,管理钻机的输入电源;3）安装在反扭杆两侧的把手,在地面以上时起到反扭作用;4）冰芯回收工具：回收冰芯不是通过钻头上的卡刀,而是由独立的冰芯回收工具完成;5）其他附属设备：所有的下井设备通过在绞车上运行的绳索,悬挂在一个可折叠的三脚架上.蓝冰钻系统最少可由两个人操作,并已成功在南极Taylor冰川蓝冰区完成两个工作季.本款钻机系统的升级版本——深蓝冰钻（BID-Deep）,目前已经完成设计,获取冰芯深度可至200 m.     

Sedimentation on the cold-water coral Lophelia pertusa: cleaning efficiency from natural sediments and drill cuttings

Anthropogenic threats to cold-water coral reefs are trawling and hydrocarbon drilling, with both activities causing increased levels of suspended particles. The efficiency of Lophelia pertusa in rejecting local sediments and drill cuttings from the coral surface was evaluated and found not to differ between sediment types. Further results showed that the coral efficiently removed deposited material even after repeated exposures, indicating an efficient cleaning mechanism. In an experiment focusing on burial, fine-fraction drill cuttings were deposited on corals over time. Drill cutting covered coral area increased with repeated depositions, with accumulation mainly occurring on and adjacent to regions of the coral skeleton lacking tissue cover. Tissue was smothered and polyp mortality occurred where polyps became wholly covered by material. Burial of coral by drill cuttings to the current threshold level used in environmental risk assessment models by the offshore industry (6.3 mm) may result in damage to L. pertusa colonies.