煤体静载破坏中低频磁场变化特征及产生机制研究

为了研究煤体静载破坏中低频磁场变化特征及其产生机制,进一步完善煤矿动力灾害监测预警技术,通过室内试验、现场试验研究了煤体静载破坏中低频磁场时、频谱特征,并结合微震信号提出了低频磁信号的产生机制。结果表明：煤体静载破坏中所产生低频磁场信号强度为19～156 nT,信号最大幅值、能量与试样强度、加载速度均呈正相关关系。垂直于裂纹扩展面磁场最强,平行于裂纹扩展面磁场最弱。并结果微震信号提出了低频磁场产生机制。低频磁场与微震信号具有时、频域同步性,带电裂纹面随微震信号同频振荡为低频磁场产生机制。现场放炮破煤低频磁信号由簇状脉冲信号及小幅震荡信号组成,其中簇状脉冲成分产生于炮后振动波带动带电壁面的同频振动,而小幅震荡成分是巷帮煤壁趋向新应力平衡状态时发生的横向拉伸破坏及带电煤碎屑运移、摩擦及转动的结果。     

Adaptive analysis of infinite beams dynamics problems using the periodic configuration update method in the time domain

This paper proposes a new approach for the assessment of the dynamic response of continuously supported infinite beams under high‐speed moving loads. A change in the representation of equations of motion in the dynamics of discrete structures is proposed to obtain an improved accuracy of the numerical integration in the time domain. The proposed numerical method called the “periodic configuration update” or “PCU method” is applied to solve the problem of a vertical moving harmonic load on an infinite classical Euler‐Bernoulli beam resting on a continuous viscoelastic foundation. This study shows the superiority of the proposed method in comparison with other methods presented in the literature that suffer from the material time derivative, i.e., convective terms, that arises from the Galilean transformation. To confront this numerical problem, the PCU method retains the principle of the spatial follow of loads while zeroing the relative velocity with the traversed beam via a step‐by‐step adaptive integration of the equation of structural dynamics. The dynamic load is modeled with high theoretical velocities that can reach the critical velocity of the studied beam with different angular frequencies belonging to moderate frequency range. A parametric study is carried out to analyze the influence of key parameters on the convergence. The obtained results show a high efficiency of the PCU method for solving these types of problems relative to the dynamics of high speed trains/tracks.     

近30年来国外国家公园研究进展与启示

国家公园是自然保护和旅游研究领域的重要内容之一。本文以Web of Science数据库收录的近30年国外国家公园相关文献为基础,对筛选的451篇英文文献运用可视化软件CitespaceⅢ及系统综述的方法,从资源评估、环境影响、发展模式、规划、运营管理5个方面对国外国家公园研究主要内容进行述评,并对研究方法进行系统分析。最后,从国家公园立法、发展模式构建、管理内容与方法、社区参与模式与机制、环境监测与评估5个方面提出未来中国国家公园的研究方向。总体上看,国外有关国家公园的研究具有研究对象复杂、视角多元、方法综合的特征。在构建国家公园体制的大背景下,借鉴国际经验构建中国国家公园研究体系将对完善中国保护地相关研究、指导国家公园建设具有重要意义。     

室内可见光通信频域均衡技术DSP方法对比分析

对3种室内可见光通信传输技术的数字信号处理方法（DSP）,包括正交频分复用（OFDM）、单载波频域均衡（SCFDE）与单载波频分复用（SCFDM）进行了对比分析.通过峰值功率比（PAPR）和计算复杂度比较了3种方法的优劣.分析结果表明,SCFDE和SCFDM具有较低的PAPR,但SCFDM计算复杂度较高.此外,还使用白光LED灯针对3种调制解调方法建立了实验模型.实验结果表明,在VLC传输系统中,由于低PAPR特性,使得SCFDE和SCFDM在误码率（BER）和Q值方面的性能优于OFDM.     

Eminent domain destroys a community: leveling East Arlington to make way for the Pentagon

This study examines the eminent domain action in 1942 where the federal government took 411 acres of land, including an African American neighborhood, to construct the Pentagon building in Arlington County, Virginia. The Fifth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution acknowledges the right of the federal government to exercise eminent domain where needed for the common good, but requires that property owners be given just compensation. This study explores the issue of compensation: what the residents lost when they were forced to move, how that loss was compensated, and whether the compensation was “just.” The study data include interviews with former residents of the neighborhood, oral histories, land records, census data, photographs, and newspaper articles. The study concludes that the federal government compensated the residents for land and buildings, but was unable to compensate for a lost community. For many residents, that community is mourned even 72 years later.     

球谐分析及合成并行计算

本文介绍了球谐合成和分析问题的数值计算原理,研究分析了其内在的并行性,提出了区域划分和聚合通信的并行计算策略。基于傅立叶变换技术,应用MPI(消息传递接口)并行编程模式,实现了球谐分析及合成计算的并行化。实验结果表明,较之串行实现,并行实现大大缩短了计算时间,获得了近似线形加速比,取得很高的并行效率。     

重力异常视深度滤波及应用

为了解观测面以下位场场源体产生的异常,设计了一种波数域的滤波器,该滤波器可在无需岩石物性资料的前提下用于位场数据的反演．对位场资料用解析法和差分法上、下延拓,以消除浅表干扰源的影响,并最后下延至观测面以下,根据下延后场的极值确定场源的质心深度．理论模型的试算和实际资料的处理均获得了令人满意的效果．     

低水位体系域在地质学上的意义——以赣西北地区为例

低水位体系域在层序地层中是一种很重要的海退式层序单元,沉积作用颇具特色,它是指示地层划分与对比,岩相,构造古地理,板块活动的良好标志。     

Modelling of pile wave barriers by effective trenches and their screening effectiveness

The three-dimensional problem of isolation of vibration by a row of piles is studied numerically on the basis of a model replacing the row of piles by an effective trench in order to reduce the modelling complexity. The analysis is accomplished with the aid of an advanced frequency domain boundary element method, which is used for both the infilled trench and the soil medium in conjunction with a coupling procedure based on enforcement of equilibrium and compatibility at the trench–soil interface. Linear elastic or viscoelastic material behaviour is assumed for both the piles and the soil. The piles can be tubular or solid and have circular or square cross-section. The vibration source is a vertical force, harmonically varying with time, and the row of piles acts as a passive wave barrier. The effective trench model is constructed by invoking well known homogenization techniques used in the mechanics of fibre-reinforced composite materials, and its accuracy is compared against a rigorous boundary element analysis modelling each pile separately in full contact with the soil medium. On the basis of the effective trench model, the screening effectiveness of a row of piles is studied through parametric studies.     

Dynamic soil–structure interaction analysis via coupled finite-element–boundary-element method

In this paper, a study on the transient response of an elastic structure embedded in a homogeneous, isotropic and linearly elastic half-plane is presented. Transient dynamic and seismic forces are considered in the analysis. The numerical method employed is the coupled Finite-Element–Boundary-Element technique (FE–BE). The finite element method (FEM) is used for discretization of the near field and the boundary element method (BEM) is employed to model the semi-infinite far field. These two methods are coupled through equilibrium and compatibility conditions at the soil–structure interface. Effects of non-zero initial conditions due to the pre-dynamic loads and/or self-weight of the structure are included in the transient boundary element formulation. Hence, it is possible to analyse practical cases (such as dam–foundation systems) involving initial conditions due to the pre-seismic loads such as water pressure and self-weight of the dam. As an application of the proposed formulation, a gravity dam has been analysed and the results for different foundation stiffness are presented. The results of the analysis indicate the importance of including the foundation stiffness and thus the dam–foundation interaction.