柴达木盆地北缘塔塔楞环斑花岗岩的SHRIMP年龄

塔塔楞环斑花岗岩套侵位于柴达木北缘加里东构造带中,面积达350km2,是我国最大的环斑花岗岩体。锆石SHRIMPU-Pb法测得其地质年龄为440±14Ma,属加里东期,晚于柴北缘UP-UPF榴辉岩、岛弧火山岩及俯冲型花岗岩的时代约30-50Ma左右,形成于造山运动由挤压造山向后碰撞拉张体制的转折构造环境,代表了加里东运动的终结。榴辉岩—岛弧型火山岩—俯冲花岗岩—环斑花岗岩共同构成了柴北缘构造岩浆演化的完整旋回。塔塔楞环斑花岗岩的发现和时代的准确确定对认识柴北缘加里东构造带的构造演化特征和物质组成具有重要科学意义,为阐明柴达木北缘加里东运动的构造演化和结束提供了重要的岩石学约束。     

High-precision geochronology of Mesozoic magmatism in Macao,Southeast China:Evidence for multistage granite emplacement

Six new high precision U-Pb zircon ID-TIMS ages plus thirteen in situ high spatial resolution U-Pb zircon LA-MC-ICPMS ages are reported from Jurassic plutonic(metaluminous to weakly peraluminous biotite granites)and Jurassic to Cretaceous hypabyssal(dacites)rocks from Macao.Despite its relatively small area(~30 km^2),the new ages tightly constrain the Macao granitic magmatism to two periods ranging from 164.5±0.6 Ma to 162.9±0.7 Ma and 156.6±0.2 Ma to 155.5±0.8 Ma,separated by ca.6 Ma.Inherited zircons point to the existence of a basement with ages up to Paleo-Proterozoic and late Archean in the region.In addition,younger dacitic rocks were dated at 150.6±0.6 Ma and<120 Ma.U-Pb zircon ages and whole-rock REE data of Macao granites indicate that the first pulse is also represented in Hong Kong and Southeast(SE)China,while magmatism with the chemical characteristics of the second pulse seems to not be represented outside Macao.The two granitic magmatic pulses have distinct mineralogical and geochemical features that support their discrete nature rather than a continuum of comagmatic activity and suggest that the Macao granitic suite was incrementally assembled during a period of ca.9 Ma,a hypothesis also extendable to the neighboring Hong Kong region for a time lapse of ca.24 Ma.In Macao,the transition from granitic magmatism(Middle to Upper Jurassic)to the younger dacite dykes(Upper Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous)most likely corresponds to a change in the regional tectonic setting,from an extensional regime related with foundering of the subducting paleoPacific plate during the Early Yanshanian period to the reestablishment of a normal subduction system in SE China during the Late Yanshanian period.     

鄂尔多斯盆地多种能源矿产分布及其构造背景

借助“成矿系统”的思维, 探讨鄂尔多斯盆地成矿(藏)系统形成机制及其构造背景.盆地于中生代处于大地构造体制转折的重要阶段, 盆地边缘的造山活动显著, 盆内亦分别于晚三叠世、晚侏罗世与晚白垩世左右发生过3次构造热事件.区域构造体制转换事件导致了多种成藏(矿)作用的发生.盆地内部的构造热事件引发了有机流体的活动, 周缘造山作用产生了向盆内流动的无机含铀热液.有机和无机流体的活动过程中存在相互作用, 有机流体的存在形成氧化-还原障, 导致无机流体关键物理化学参数的转变, 在氧化-还原界面处成矿.突变成矿和界面成矿是多种能源矿产成矿过程的主要机制.      

大陆岩石圈与软流圈之间的耦合关系—大陆动力学研究的突破口

板块构造学说解释了全球构造的许多现象,但尚未满意地解释大陆构造中的一些问题,例如陆内造山带的形成、造山带和盆地形成的复杂历史和旋回性问题、大陆构造圈的不均一性等。新近提出的一些构造模式,都不约而同地指出了软流圈在大陆构造发展中的重要作用,但尚未成功解决软流圈运动的驱动力问题。本文认为,大陆岩石圈与软流圈之间相互作用关系的深入研究,是阐明大陆动力学过程的关键之一。此外,本文还对“软流体振荡作用”工作假说作了初步讨论。     

河南省金矿构造控矿研究

本文运用地洼成矿理论对河南省内金矿床的构造控矿特征进行了总结 ,认为构造是主要的控矿因素 ,它们主要表现为不同型式、不同规模、不同期次的构造对金矿成矿的控制作用。并对构造控矿机制进行了探讨。     

墨西哥北部拉拉米期斑岩型铜矿床时空分布及典型矿床特征

北美斑岩型铜矿集区“大集群”是世界重要铜成矿省之一;墨西哥北部索诺拉州斑岩型铜矿带,是其在墨西哥的延伸。斑岩型铜矿床主要沿着拉拉米岩浆弧展布。拉拉米造山作用期间(80～40 Ma),由于法拉隆板块向北美板块俯冲角度的减小,岩浆活动中心逐步向东移动,形成76～70 Ma, 63～57 Ma和46～40 Ma三期岩浆活动高峰期,其中63～57 Ma岩浆活动规模最大。通过对区内已有矿床的成矿时代与岩浆活动时限及矿床分布集中程度的对比研究发现,斑岩型铜成矿高峰期主要集中在63～56 Ma期间。通过典型矿床的成矿特征梳理及区域岩浆作用综合分析,笔者等认为拉拉米造山作用是区内形成巨量铜钼富集的主要地质作用。     

内蒙古东北部晚二叠世-早三叠世构造演化的新证据：尖子山早三叠世磨拉石的识别

磨拉石是造山带的重要组成部分,利用磨拉石来限定碰撞作用时限是造山带研究的一项重要内容。以内蒙古东北部科右中旗尖子山出露的一套杂色砾岩夹紫红色-灰紫色砂砾岩地层为研究对象,通过对其岩石组合、沉积构造、沉积时代的研究,认为其是一套产于陆内造山背景下前陆盆地的近源磨拉石,地层底部的近源崩塌堆积成因的花岗岩巨砾锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄为250±2.9 Ma。结合区域上老龙头组碎屑锆石年龄及三叠纪同碰撞-后碰撞-陆内伸展阶段花岗岩时代的研究,认为该套磨拉石沉积于早三叠世,属下三叠统老龙头组。研究区早三叠世磨拉石的识别,明确了早三叠世存在陆内造山作用,为内蒙古东北部晚二叠世-早三叠世构造演化提供了新证据。     

Geological Setting and Origin of Mo–W–Cu Deposits in the Honggor–Shamai District,Inner Mongolia,North China

Twenty‐one Mo–W–Cu deposits and prospects have been discovered in the Honggor–Shamai district, Inner Mongolia, north China during past 5 years. This district is located in the central and western parts of the Chagan Obo–Aoyoute–Chaobulen tectono‐magmatic belt, which is part of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt. The Mo–W–Cu deposits in the district are associated with Mesozoic granitoid intrusions and occur as veins, stockwork, and dissemination. The geological features of these newly discovered deposits are similar to porphyry‐type deposits worldwide. Two mineralization events have been identified: Indosinian (235–224 Ma) and Yanshanian (137–131 Ma). It is proposed that these deposits and prospects in the Honggor–Shamai district were related to the post‐collisional extension linked to the Indosinian orogeny during the Middle–Late Triassic period, but some of those deposits were overprinted by mineralization associated with the Cretaceous magmatic‐hydrothermal (Yanshanian) event.     

Paleoproterozoic granitoids from the northern limit of the Archean Amapá block (Brazil), southeastern Guyana Shield: Pb–Pb evaporation in zircons and Sm–Nd geochronology

Central Amapá, northern Brazil is located at the boundary between: (a) a northern Paleoproterozoic domain, consisting mainly of granite-greenstones terrains and (b) a southern Archean continental block (Amapá block), including an Archean basement reworked during the Transamazonian orogeny (2.26–1.95 Ga). Field investigations, Pb–Pb zircon and Sm–Nd whole rock geochronology supported by geochemical data on granitoids brought further constraints on Paleoproterozoic crustal growth in the southeastern Guyana Shield. A first magmatic episode, dated at 2.26 Ga, is marked by the crystallization of metaluminous low-K tholeiitic tonalites and quartz-diorites, which geochemical affinity with volcanic arc and association with T-MORB amphibolites suggest that they formed in a back-arc basin – island arc system. This event is coeval to the oceanic stage registered in French Guyana during the Eorhyacian (2.26–2.02 Ga). A second magmatic episode is represented by peraluminous, medium- to high-K calc-alkaline tonalite and granodiorite, which revealed some similarities with Mesorhyacian TTG rocks of French Guyana. For granitoids of both episodes, T_DM and ε_Nd values indicate the contribution of some Archean crustal component, probably by assimilation or contamination. This second magmatic episode occurred at 2.10 Ga, indicating that the period of successive calc-alkaline magmatic arcs formation may have extended until the Neorhyacian. Meanwhile, during this time, tectonic accretion by collision of the newly formed continental landmass was the prevailing process in French Guyana. The latter magmatic episode, even though poorly constrained, was registered around 2.08–2.02 Ga in central Amapá. It corresponds to the emplacement and solidification of high-K collisional granitoids, produced by partial melting of the Archean continental crust, as testified by the Archean T_DM, inherited Pb–Pb zircon ages and strongly negative ε_Nd values. Our results point toward the existence of a protracted episode of crustal growth during the Neorhyacian in the southeastern Guyana Shield. This episode has been predominantly driven by magmatic arc accretion during, at least, 160 My, along the period of 2.26–2.10 Ga. This cycle ended with diachronic closure of the oceanic basins and arc–continent collision.     

The effects of Dissolution–Precipitation Creep on quartz fabrics within the Purgatory Conglomerate,Rhode Island

Quartz Crystallographic Preferred Orientation (CPO) patterns are most commonly a result of deformation by dislocation creep. We investigated whether Dissolution–Precipitation Creep (DPC), a process that occurs at lower differential stresses and temperatures, may result in CPO in quartz. The Purgatory Conglomerate is part of the SE Narragansett basin where strain intensity increases from west to east and is associated with top-to-the-west transport and folding during the Alleghanian orogeny. Within the Purgatory Conglomerate, DPC led to quartz dissolution along cobble surfaces perpendicular to the shortening direction, and quartz precipitation in overgrowths at the ends of the cobbles (strain shadows), parallel to the maximum extension direction. Quartz c-axis orientations as revealed by Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) methods were random in all analyzed domains within the cobbles and strain shadows irrespective of the intensity of strain or metamorphic grade of the sample. Quartz dissolution probably occurred exclusively along the cobbles' margins, leaving the remaining grains unaffected by DPC. The fact that quartz precipitated in random orientations may indicate that the strain shadows were regions of little or no differential stress.