融合D-InSAR与GIS技术的矿区开采沉陷形变监测及预测方法

针对合成孔径雷达差分干涉测量（D-InSAR）技术能监测大范围地表形变信息,但单一的D-InSAR技术不能精确分析沉降分布的范围和位置的问题,本文以淮北袁店二矿为例,首先选择2015年4—5月2景C波段Radarsat-2和7—12月6景Sentinel-1卫星影像数据作为干涉影像数据构成6个干涉影像对,通过二轨法对其进行差分干涉处理和相位解缠提取干涉形变图;然后将D-InSAR差分干涉图与开采平面、开采计划图导入ArcGIS进行叠加,分析矿区开采沉陷区域的空间动态分布位置并进行定量分析;最后采用灰色理论模型进行预测。结果表明：D-InSAR叠加分析图能反映出在煤炭开采过程中沉降区域位置和分布范围;D-InSAR预测值与实测值最大相对误差和方差比分别为11.5%和0.097。     

2022年青海门源地震震源机制与同震滑动分布研究

采用Sentinel-1A卫星提供的升降轨雷达影像数据研究门源地震同震形变及震源机制。首先利用合成孔径雷达差分干涉(D-InSAR)技术获得门源地震的同震形变场;然后以升降轨同震形变场为源数据,利用弹性半空间位错模型进行反演,确定地震的断层几何参数和滑动分布;最后基于同震滑动模型对升降轨同震形变场进行正演。结果表明,沿雷达视线方向的升轨和降轨同震形变场最大抬升形变量分别为39 cm和58 cm,最大沉降形变量均为56 cm。此次门源地震为左旋走滑型地震事件,发震断层方向为NWW-SEE、走向为109°、倾角为86°,主要集中在地下2～6 km处,最大滑动量为4.2 m,释放的地震距为8.22×10¹⁸Nm(M_W6.6)。正演结果表明,本文滑动分布模型准确可靠。     

兴仁县罗马山滑坡体形变监测及成因分析

InSAR技术是当前从卫星雷达遥感获取的对地观测数据中提取地形信息最主要的技术手段。本文以贵州省普安县罗马山为研究区,收集了2017年4月16日至2018年8月5日共10景ALOS PALSAR2数据,生成9个干涉对,以形变时间序列的方式对研究区中的滑坡体进行形变监测分析。同时,收集兴仁县2017年4月至2018年8月降雨量信息,通过与形变时间序列的对比分析,可发现降雨量与形变的高度相关性,这对滑坡灾害的预防具有重要意义。     

利用三轨法D—InSAR技术获取玛尼地震形变

雷达差分干涉测量（D-InSAR）技术以其高精度检测雷达视线向形变量的特性,在地学界得到广泛应用。利用三轨法D-InSAR技术提取1997年11月8日西藏玛尼地震的部分垂直形变和水平形变,结果表明：断裂为左旋扭动态势,北盘最大垂直位移约0．7m,南盘最大垂直位移约0．8m,北盘最大水平位移约1．6m,南盘最大水平位移约2．4m。表明三轨法DInSAR技术用于探测地震形变的巨大潜力和优势。     

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合成孔径雷达差分干涉测量在地震形变监测中的应用

由于遥感技术具宏观性、直观性，获取资料的速度快、周期短、信息量大、经济效益好，成本低、收益高以及实用于地面工作困难地区等优点，因而在灾害调查、监测预警以及评估中得到了广泛的应用。     

A Characteristic Analysis of the Dynamic Evolution of Preseismic- Coseismic-Postseismic Interferometric Deformation Fields Associated with the M 7.9 Earthquake of Mani, Tibet in 1997

By using the D-InSAR technique,we have acquired the temporal-spatial evolution images of preseismic-cosesimci-postseismic interferometric deformation fields associated with the M 7.9 earthquake of Mani,Tibet on 8 November 1997.The analysis of these images reveals the relationships between the temporal-spatial evolution features of the interferometric deformation fields and locking, rupturing,and elastic restoring of the source rupture plane,which represent the processes of strain accumulation,strain release,and postseismic restoration.The result shows that 10 months prior to the Mani event,a left-lateral shear trend appeared in the seismic area,which was in accordance with the earthquake fault in nature.The quantity of local deformation on the north wall was slightly larger than that on the south wall,and the deformation distribution area of the north wall was relatively large.With the event impending,the deformation of the south wall varied increasingly,and the deformation center shifted eastward.Two and half monthd before the event,the west side of the fault was still locked while the east side began to slide,implying that the whole fault would rupture at any moment.These features can be regarded as short-term precursors to this earthquake.Within the period from 16 April 1996 to two and half months before the earthquake,the most remarkable deformation zones appeared in the north and south walls,which were parallel to and about 40 km apart from the fault,with accumulated local displacements of 344 mm and 251 mm on the north and south walls,respectively.The south wall was the active one with larger displacements.Five months after the earthquake,the distribution feature of interferometric fringes was just opposite to that prior to the event,expressing evident right-lateral shear.The recovered displacements are～179 mm on the north wall and～79 mm on the south wall,close to the east side of the fault.However,in the area of the south wall far from the fault there still existed a trend of sinistral motion.The deformation of the north wall was small but recovered fast in a larger area,while the active south wall began to recover from the east section of the fault toward the WSW.     

Sentinel-1A数据的四川宜宾Ms6.0同震形变分析

为了获取2019年6月17日发生的四川宜宾Ms6.0地震引起的地表形变情况,该文利用欧空局宽幅模式的高分辨率新型Sentinel-1A卫星获取了此次地震的第一对同震干涉像对数据,使用D-InSAR技术获取宜宾市长宁县地区的同震形变场。结果显示,本次地震在震中西北方向分别形成了1个明显的沉降区和抬升区,在雷达视线方向上的最大沉降量为7.9 cm,最大抬升量为8.1 cm。通过与同一时间内的GPS高程测量形变量相比,D-InSAR解算的地表形变量与GPS监测点形变量基本一致,均不超过3 mm,表明了本文的D-InSAR形变解算结果的可靠性,体现了新型Sentinel-1A雷达卫星在地震形变监测领域有着很高的应用价值和潜力。     

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利用D—InSAR二轨法监测徐州大屯中心区地表形变

合成孔径雷达差分技术（D－hnSAR）是获取大范围地表形变的一种新方法。首先介绍了D—InSAR二轨法提取地表形变的基本原理,然后以徐州大屯中心区为实验区域,荻取了徐州大屯中心区2007年到2009年地面沉降结果,并与水准测量获取的沉降结果进行了比较。结果表明,2007年到2009年大屯中心区平均沉降量为3mm,年平均...