北秦岭柳叶河盆地上三叠统物源区及其与鄂尔多斯盆地的关系——来自碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb 年龄的证据

对陕西省周至地区北秦岭晚古生代—中生代柳叶河盆地上三叠统石英砂岩进行单颗粒锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb同位素分析。以岩浆锆石为主的77个测试点给出的年龄值形成7个年龄组：256~475Ma、1500~1680Ma、1750~2190Ma、2190~2310Ma、2400~2650Ma、2700~2800Ma和2850~2960Ma。其中最年轻的锆石年龄为256±4Ma,最老的锆石年龄是2954±25Ma。峰值年龄以1750~2190Ma古元古代年龄组为代表 （占总测点的64%）。将柳叶河盆地上三叠统与石炭系碎屑锆石年龄结构进行对比,前者新元古代年龄结构缺失,表明晚古生代介于柳叶河与鄂尔多斯盆地间的北秦岭北部具新元古代年龄结构的古陆,晚三叠世相对沉降,成为盆地次要物源区。结合与周缘地体年龄结构对比,北秦岭南部二郎坪群、秦岭群、丹凤群、南缘的沉积楔形体刘岭群及北秦岭与加里东期活动陆缘沟-弧-盆体系相关的岩浆作用产物此时则成为盆地主要物源区。北秦岭内部北降南升。柳叶河盆地上三叠统碎屑锆石与鄂尔多斯盆地西南缘上三叠统延长组砂岩碎屑锆石较好的可对比性,以及柳叶河盆地北侧源区（北秦岭北部）的构造变动、化石等证据表明,柳叶河盆地与鄂尔多斯盆地在晚三叠世很有可能连通,柳叶河盆地可能代表鄂尔多斯盆地的南部边缘。     

Wave interaction with a submarine pipeline in clayey soil due to random waves

The wave pressure and uplift force due to random waves on a submarine pipeline (resting on bed, partially buried and fully buried) in clayey soil are measured. The influence of various parameters viz., wave period, wave height, water depth, burial depth and consistency index of the soil on wave pressures around and uplift force on the submarine pipeline was investigated. The wave pressures were measured at three locations around the submarine pipeline (each at 120° to the adjacent one). It is found that the wave pressure and uplift force spectrum at high consistency index of the soil is smaller compared to that of low consistency index. Just burying the pipeline (e/D=1.0) in clayey soil reduces the uplift force to less than 60% of the force experienced by a pipeline resting on the seabed (e/D=0.0) for I_c=0.33.     

The chronology of a large ice-dammed lake and the Barents–Kara Ice Sheet advances, Northern Russia

Beach and shoreface sediments deposited in the more than 800-km long ice-dammed Lake Komi in northern European Russia have been investigated and dated. The lake flooded the lowland areas between the Barents–Kara Ice Sheet in the north and the continental drainage divide in the south. Shoreline facies have been dated by 18 optical stimulated luminescence (OSL) dates, most of which are closely grouped in the range 80–100 ka, with a mean of 88±3 ka. This implies that that the Barents–Kara Ice Sheet had its Late Pleistocene maximum extension during the Early Weichselian, probably in the cold interval (Rederstall) between the Brørup and Odderade interstadials of western Europe, correlated with marine isotope stage 5b. This is in strong contrast to the Scandinavian and North American ice sheets, which had their maxima in isotope stage 2, about 20 ka. Field and air photo interpretations suggest that Lake Komi was dammed by the ice advance, which formed the Harbei–Harmon–Sopkay Moraines. These has earlier been correlated with the Markhida moraine across the Pechora River Valley and its western extension. However, OSL dates on fluvial sediments below the Markhida moraine have yielded ages as young as 60 ka. This suggests that the Russian mainland was inundated by two major ice sheet advances from the Barents–Kara seas after the last interglacial: one during the Early Weichselian (about 90 ka) that dammed Lake Komi and one during the Middle Weichselian (about 60 ka). Normal fluvial drainage prevailed during the Late Weichselian, when the ice front was located offshore.     

LEADAT: a MATLAB-based program for lead-210 data analysis of sediment cores

1Introduction Tracking the history of man s impact on the en-vironment, it is clear that in many places the periodof greatest impact and most dramatic transformationlies within the last 150 a (Oldfield and Appleby,1984). Many aspects of this impact can be…     

南极长城站附近企鹅栖息地粪土沉积地层放射性核素210Pb定年

用γ谱方法测定了南极长城站附近特有生物群落栖息地沉积物中放射性核素含量,地表沉积物中40K,137Cs,210Pb,226Ra,228Ra,228Th.和238U平均比活度,分别为143,7.56,24.1,3.65,5.36,4.15和6.5Bq/kg.同时测试了阿德雷岛企鹅栖息地粪土沉积地层中放射性核素含量,利用其中的210Pb比活度,210Pb_ex垂向变化特征,推演沉积物的沉积速率和地质历史年代:其中AD1-a柱样时间跨度约为74a(1928~2002年),据此计算了沉积速率为0.063mm/a(r=0.794),并讨论了在南极特定条件下,放射性核素示踪对定年影响以及与区域现代气候环境变化的内在联系.     

环境演变研究时间序列的建立方法评述

对环境演变时间序列建立的几种主要方法的纪年原理、应用状况及应用的优点、范围、局限性进行了阐述和比较，包括长寿命宇宙成因核素在内的同位素纪年方法主要判别第四纪以来大时间尺主的沉积物的地质年龄，且能很好地应用于全球变化的研究，但百余年来沉积物的年龄及侵蚀历史变化的研究只能通过^210Pbex、^137Cs等半衰期相对较短的核素来进行；指出^210Pbex可望在现代流域侵蚀环境演变以及其效应评价的研究中获得新的突破。     

大兴安岭南部二叠系—三叠系界线及沉积环境演化

北方陆相二叠系—三叠系界线研究是界线地层研究的重要问题之一,对采自内蒙古巴林右旗幸福之路组二段建组剖面的安山质岩屑晶屑凝灰岩开展锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb测年,结果为(255.5±1.1)Ma,火山岩上部多个层位粉砂质泥岩中发现孢粉化石,计17属20种,时代为晚二叠世—早三叠世,推断幸福之路组的时代为晚二叠世—早三叠世,大兴安岭地区二叠系—三叠系界线在幸福之路组内部,二者为整合接触。幸福之路组以红层做为划分标志,岩性为正常沉积碎屑岩夹火山岩,见大量泥灰岩夹层、钙质结核及干裂现象,反映了炎热、干燥及强氧化条件的气候环境,大兴安岭地区晚二叠世晚期(幸福之路组二段下部)就已出现反映干旱气候的红层沉积,与相邻的华北及新疆准噶尔盆地相似。     

豫西熊耳山地区沙沟银铅锌矿床成矿的40Ar-39Ar年龄及其地质意义

豫西沙沟、铁炉坪和蒿坪沟银铅锌矿构成秦岭地区最大的银矿集区,初步探明银金属储量约4000t。在这3个矿区中矿脉群受NE向断裂的控制,单个矿脉仅数厘米到数十厘米厚,但延长达数千米和延深数百米,矿石银品位极高,是一种罕见的工业性矿床。本次研究在沙沟矿区的近矿蚀变岩中选取绢云母和铬云母进行40Ar/39Ar年龄测定,获得坪年龄为(145.0±1.1)Ma和(147.0±1.5)Ma,相应的等时线年龄为(145.2±2.5)Ma和(147.6±2.3)Ma。这些年龄数据与熊耳山地区的三道庄—南泥湖钼钨矿成矿年龄基本相同,鉴于在沙沟矿区银铅锌矿脉于深部钼矿化越来越强以及在邻区可见到围绕中生代花岗岩体发育的斑岩型_矽卡岩型钼钨矿及外围的脉状和破碎带型铅锌银矿的矿化分带之现象,可以认为银铅锌与钼钨矿化属于同一成矿系统。     

龙门山映秀-北川断裂带擂鼓探槽剖面古地震事件测年

2008年5月12日四川汶川发生MS8.0大地震,形成了200多km长的地震地表破裂带。破裂带的古地震研究对于认识龙门山断裂带的活动习性和大地震的发生规律具有重要的理论和现实意义。文中用光释光(OSL)测年中的校正感量简单多片再生法(SMAR),对映秀-北川地震地表破裂带擂鼓探槽样品进行了光释光测年,并对探槽中含有的炭屑进行了AMS14C测年。样品的光释光年龄和校正的AMS14C年龄吻合,该地区与汶川地震类似规模的上一次古地震事件发生在距今约(2.1±0.2)ka至(1.1±0.2)ka间     

青藏高原纳木错西缘新元古代中期岩浆事件:对北拉萨地块起源的约束

本文报道了青藏高原北拉萨地块纳木错西缘变质辉长岩和花岗片麻岩的锆石U-Pb定年、岩石地球化学和锆石Hf同位素分析结果。锆石LA-ICP-MS定年结果表明,变质辉长岩和花岗片麻岩的原岩形成时代分别为720±6Ma和732±7Ma,相当于新元古代中期。变质辉长岩为钙碱性系列,具有Nb、Ta和Ti负异常,与岛弧玄武岩类似。变质辉长岩中锆石具有较高的εHf(t)值(+5. 2～+9. 7),应当是源自俯冲环境下相对亏损的地幔楔。花岗片麻岩原岩为I型花岗质岩石,并且具有较为均一的锆石εHf(t)值(-3. 3～+0. 3),可能形成于地壳内古元古代变质火成岩的部分熔融作用。结合区域地质资料,变质辉长岩和花岗片麻岩的原岩应当形成于新元古代中期的洋壳俯冲消减过程。北拉萨地块上的前寒武纪岩浆和变质记录与东非造山带的活动时限较为一致,因而北拉萨地块可能与东非造山带具有亲缘性。