平朔矿区杨涧煤矿90102工作面底板堵截技术研究

杨涧煤矿90102工作面底板隔水层厚度约50m,隔水层底板奥灰水压约1.8MPa,经煤矿开采该工作面揭露5个陷落柱,运输顺槽230~290m发生底鼓并多处开裂涌水,分析水源为底部砂岩水,底板隔水层发育的裂隙在近距离厚煤层回采条件下,必将加剧其底板破坏,为确保工作面安全开采,有必要实施底板堵截工程。为此,在矿区岩溶陷落柱发育规律探查、底鼓监测条件下,以XL1陷落柱和底鼓区为例,针对柱体下段、底板破坏带,采用水泥浆液来截断底板出水补给来源的同时加固底板隔水层强度。经钻探验证堵截效果较好。最后对治理方案、注浆层段、注浆参数等进行了详细总结,形成了适用于朔州矿区的注浆堵截技术,可为指导矿区今后防治水实践提供借鉴。     

集中质量对非保守压杆稳定和振动的影响

本文用法分析了集中质量对悬臂的Ｌｅｉｐｈｏｌｚ杆的失稳形式及临界载荷的影响，得出了一些有用的结论。     

内约束方钢管混凝土柱抗震性能研究

由于方钢管对混凝土约束作用较弱,地震作用下方钢管混凝土柱底部钢管易出现屈曲,因此本文提出一种新型内约束方钢管混凝土柱。基于ABAQUS有限元软件,本文采用合理的材料本构模型建立内约束方钢管混凝土柱三维实体精细有限元模型,该模型能准确反应钢管、混凝土以及拉筋之间的相互作用,又能反应拟静力作用下混凝土的塑性损伤和钢材的循环硬化规律。有限元结果与试验结果吻合良好。首先,在此基础上笔选出最佳内约束形式,对拉箍筋方钢管混凝土柱的抗震性能明显优于圆环箍筋;其次,提出在不同轴压比下内约束方钢管混凝土柱的焊接拉筋最佳布置长度和合理体积配箍率;再次,探讨不同参数对内约束方钢管混凝土柱滞回性能的影响,结果表明:提高截面含钢率和长细比能有效改善组合柱的极限承载力,而轴压比在一定范围内有利于能提高柱的承载力;最后,讨论了约束措施对内约束方钢管混凝土柱耗能性能的影响。     

基于钢筋混凝土足尺柱拟静力试验的离线模型更新混合试验方法

离线模型更新混合试验对构件拟静力数据进行恢复力模型参数识别,并更新数值子结构中相应构件的模型参数来提高混合试验精度,但该方法尚缺少真实试验的验证。本文基于课题组开展的足尺RC柱拟静力试验,取恢复力模型为集中塑性铰Ibarra-Medina-Krawinkler（IMK）模型,进行框架结构离线模型更新混合试验研究。结果表明,当物理子结构取为RC足尺柱时,离线模型更新混合试验能获得接近于真实试验情况下结构的地震响应,从而对该方法的有效性进行了试验验证。利用IMK经验公式,将真实试验模型参数识别值按轴压比进行对照修正,应用于不同层数的框架结构地震响应模拟,实现了试验数据的重复利用。     

A simple method to vertically stabilize line-suspended,lightweight percussion coring equipment

An inexpensive improvement to lightweight percussion coring systems is presented. Non-stretching lines are often required to facilitate core sampling in hundreds of metres of water, unfortunately such lines are usually negatively buoyant, which creates difficulties in keeping lightweight core assemblies upright while lowering through the water column. The addition of urethane closed-cell foam to the core head creates buoyancy that vertically stabilizes the coring assembly within the water column and prevents the core barrel from contacting the sediment-water interface non-vertically.     

Vertical distribution of trace elements in the surface waters offshore Nova Scotia

Concentrations of the trace elements Fe, Al, Mn, Cu, Cd, Zn and Ni were measured in shallow vertical profiles (maximum depth 500 m) off the Scotian Shelf in the western North Atlantic. The distributions of the trace elements show variations with depth, the most consistent of which are for Fe and Zn. A minimum concentration near the surface followed by an increase with depth is attributed to in situ mechanisms.     

Surface gravitational field and topography changes induced by the Earth’s fluid core motions

Using a Love number formalism, the elastic deformations of the mantle and the mass redistribution gravitational potential within the Earth induced by the fluid pressure acting at the core–mantle boundary (CMB) are computed. This pressure field changes at a decadal time scale and may be estimated from observations of the surface magnetic field and its secular variation. First, using a spherical harmonic expansion, the poloidal and toroidal part of the fluid velocity field at the CMB for the last 40 years is computed, under the hypothesis of tangential geostrophy. Then the associated geostrophic pressure, whose order of magnitude is about 1000 Pa, is computed. The surface topography induced by this pressure field is computed using Love numbers, and is a few millimetres. The mass redistribution gravitational potential induced by these deformations and, in particular, the zonal components of the related surface gravitational potential perturbation (J₂, J₃ and J₄ coefficients), are calculated. Overall perturbations for the J₂ coefficient of about 10^–10, for J₃ of about 10^–11 and for J₄ are found of about 0.3×10^–11. Finally, these theoretical results are compared with recent observations of the decadal variation of J₂ from satellite laser ranging. Results concerning J₂ can be described as follows: first, they are one order of magnitude too small to explain the observed decadal variation of J₂ and, second, they show a significant linear trend over the last 40 years, whose rate of decrease amounts to 7% of the observed value.     

变刚度钢管混凝土短柱隔震结构弹塑性动力分析

采用HBTA2.5程序,对一变刚度钢管混凝土短柱隔震结构进行了弹塑性时程分析。分析结果表明,其隔震装置的水平变形和耗能能力可以大大减轻地震对结构的影响。提出钢管混凝土短柱隔震结构在工程应用将有很好的发展前景。     

精细化监测资料在山西暴雨预报模型改进中的应用

利用近3年5—9月山西63个GPS/MET临测站反演的逐时气柱水汽总量空间分布图与对应的459天气象观测资料、12个暴雨日的暴雨落区以及对应的流型配置图,对比分析发现:(1)当气柱水汽总量空间分布的水平梯度在25～40 mm/l经(纬)度时,未来12～36小时,在水平梯度的大值区及其南北(东西)0.5～1.0个经(纬)度的范围内,暴雨及其以上天气出现的概率达100%,当气柱水汽总量空间分布的水平梯度≥40 mm/l经(纬)度时,在水平梯度的大值区及其南北(东西)0.5个经(纬)度的范围内出现大暴雨的慨率为63.6%;(2)暴雨落区在气柱水汽总量空间分布图中水汽含量水平梯度大值区及其以北(西)还是以南(东)0.5～1.0)个经(纬)度的范围出现,不同的流型配置会出现不同的结果。应用逐时GPS/MET资料和逐时自动气象站极大风速风场资料,依据暴雨出现在气柱水汽总量空间分布图中水汽含量水平梯度大值区的不同位置,建立不同流型配置下的多种暴雨概念模型;采用轮廓识别技术在C/S架构下,对12～36小时暴雨落区预报模型进行改进并实现了自动化运行,2011年进行准业务使用证明效果良好。     

利用不同资料研究我国大陆上空柱水汽含量

利用1971—2001年探空资料以及ERA-40和NCEP/NCAR再分析资料分别得到地面到300 hPa我国大陆上空大气柱水汽含量,对3种不同资料所得的柱水汽含量的空间分布特征以及线性趋势进行对比分析。结果表明:3种资料得到的柱水汽含量年平均和季节平均的空间分布特征一致;3种资料年平均的线性变化趋势在东北地区、内蒙古东部地区,西南地区北部、华南沿海和新疆北部地区均呈增加趋势;在华北和华东的部分地区,ERA-40和NCEP/NCAR再分析资料为降低趋势,而探空资料得到的柱水汽含量变化相对较小,但未通过信度检验;探空资料得到的柱水汽含量的相对变化显示我国东北地区、内蒙古东部地区、新疆地区的增加更显著。