郯庐断裂带南段的重磁场特征及其地质意义

由于断裂两侧的磁性、密度的纵横向差异在重力、磁力异常上有所表现,因此所获得的重力、磁力数据为深入研究关键的地质课题提供了科学基础,如郯庐断裂带的基底性质、断裂形成特征和岩浆岩分布。利用最新的高精度航空重力和磁力数据以及地面重力数据,绘制了郯庐断裂带地区的1∶50 000重力和磁力异常图,并结合区域地质数据分析了重力和磁力异常特征。分析结果认为:存在连体的郯庐—大别古老构造带,郯庐断裂带南段是元古宙和燕山中期岩浆活动的复合反映带;郯庐断裂带为中元古—新元古代时期南华北陆块与下扬子陆块的界限;磁力、重力异常图对比说明,合肥盆地范围由老到新向东扩展。     

东非鲁伍马盆地深水X气藏海底扇储层构型研究:重力流—底流交互作用的指示意义*

底流在陆缘深水环境下广泛存在,可对深水沉积过程及砂体分布产生重要影响。前人对重力流与底流的交互作用机制及沉积产物开展了大量研究,但目前有关底流改造型的海底扇储层构型模式仍然研究不够深入。东非鲁伍马盆地是当前重力流—底流交互作用研究的热点地区,文中以其代表性的下始新统海底扇水道体系为例,综合岩心、测井及三维地震资料开展储层构型精细表征,建立重力流—底流交互作用下的海底扇水道体系构型模式。研究表明,目标水道体系内部发育水道、溢岸及朵叶3种构型要素,其中水道可分为水道复合体、单一水道及其内部不同级次的构型单元。底流对细粒物质的搬运可形成非对称的溢岸沉积,导致水道复合体之间呈逆底流侧向迁移叠置样式,其间泥岩隔层容易保存; 单一水道之间呈顺水道纵向迁移或逆底流侧向迁移样式,其中纵向迁移部位水道切叠连通,而侧向迁移部位容易保存泥质侧向隔挡体。受重力流沉积演化的影响,单一水道内部充填由砂泥交互型逐渐演化为富砂型,且在水道弯曲段的轴部砂体最为发育。     

云南景谷M6.6地震前重力场变化的区域性特征

利用国家重力网和云南省区域重力网获得的高精度重力观测资料,研究2014-10-07云南景谷M6.6地震前区域重力场的演变过程。结果表明,滇西南区域重力场变化幅度大、速度快、升降转换周期短,揭示出在复杂构造环境和反复增强的应力场条件下,地震能量快速积累和释放的区域性特征。     

川滇地区2010～2013年重力变化及重力网的地震监测能力

研究了当前川滇地区重力网的分形特征,发现其分形维数为1.43~1.62,对应格网距为30~60km,具备了监测Ms5.0级以上地震的能力。选择20′(约37km)的格网间距,对研究区域内2010~2013年的重力变化数据进行格网化,并分析重力变化与地震的关系。虽然经历了芦山Ms7.0级地震的能量释放,但是龙门山断裂带西南段与鲜水河断裂带东南段交叉地带仍然存在较强重力变化,对该区域的震情需继续加强监测。     

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?????????????????????????????????????????????????????3?????棬??????????????????????????????3????????????????????????GPS/?????????????4?????????????“???????100 km????￡???????澫??±1 cm”????????|??????????????????????????|GOCE????????Ч???????????????????????????????     

利用多代卫星测高数据计算中国近海及邻域重力异常

为提高海洋重力场数据的精度和空间分辨率,联合Jason-1/2、T/P、Envisat、ERS-1/2、Geosat等多代卫星测高数据计算中国近海及邻域(0°~42°N,100°~140°E)2′×2′重力异常。对卫星测高数据分别进行共线处理和自交叉点平差,并以T/P卫星测高数据为基准进行多星数据联合平差,有效削弱了卫星测高数据的时变影响和不协调性;利用逆Vening-Meinesz公式计算重力异常,与船测重力相比,均方根误差为5.4 mgal。结果表明,通过引入高精度的卫星测高数据,结合多项平差处理手段,提高了海洋重力异常的计算精度。     

Relationship between the Periodic Fluctuations of Pressure and Precipitation during a Rainstorm

The relationship between periodic fluctuations of pressure and precipitation was investigated using the continuous wavelet transform and wavelet coherence transform methods for a rainstorm case that occurred during 19–25 June 2005 in Guangdong Province, China. The results show that a period of 2–4 h existed in both pressure and precipitation fluctuations. Furthermore, this high frequency pressure fluctuation was closely related to the fluctuation of precipitation with a similar period, and the fluctuation of pressure was about two hours ahead of the precipitation fluctuation variation. Since the high frequency pressure fluctuation implies the existence of gravity wave activity, the results suggest that gravity wave activities with a 2–4 h period in the atmosphere exerted an important influence on precipitation during this rainstorm.     

Comparative analysis of fracture identification methods based on gravity anomaly in Heilongjiang

The identification of fractures is of great importance in gravity and magnetic data processing and interpretation.In this study,four fracture identification methods are applied,and widely used in processing and analysis of the gravity anomaly,including vertical second derivative method,tilt derivative method,theta map method and normalized differential method,for gravity data acquired in a given area in Heilongjiang.By comparing the distribution of the zero contour or maximum contour,we summarize the application effects,and both advantages and disadvantages of each method.It is found that tilt derivative method and normalized differential method provide better effects than other two methods:the narrower anomaly gradient belt and higher identification precision of fracture or geological boundary.The inferred fractures and geological boundaries have a great match with the results obtained from geologic map and remote sensing data interpretation.Those study results have definitely provided the theoretical foundation for identifying faults and the geological boundaries.     

Moho面扰动重力梯度信息的提取

在运用重力和重力梯度资料反演Moho面时,关键步骤之一即是从原始测量信号精确提取只包含该层面单一密度信息的扰动(异常)值。本文主要工作有:1为减小GEMMA Moho团队的点质量模型计算误差而采用正演精度更高的空间域Tesseroid单元体和频谱域球谐分析与综合方法,并对这两种方法进行了结果对比;2如何合理利用地壳先验模型资料。本文中最后提供了基于GOCO03S模型可以用于后续Moho面反演的重力梯度主对角线分量的全球扰动值,并对所有试验数据进行了讨论和分析。