无机晶须研究进展Ⅱ:钛酸钾晶须在复合材料中的应用

介绍了钛酸钾晶须在各种复合材料中的应用,并且综述了其在国内外技术开发现状,分析了钛酸钾晶须的国内市场前景,说明降低其生产成本是当今研究的热点之一。     

ENSO循环与太平洋-北美型遥相关事件的关系

利用1950~2009年的Nio3.4指数和冬季5个月逐日太平洋-北美型遥相关(PNA)指数,对ENSO冷、暖位相及中性年份冬季发生的PNA事件进行了统计分析,结果发现PNA事件个数有显著的差异。ENSO暖位相年份冬季的PNA+事件个数是PNA-事件个数的4.13倍,而冷位相年份的PNA-事件个数是PNA+事件个数的2.73倍。PNA事件指数和PNA事件对应的300 hPa流函数场合成分析结果显示ENSO暖(冷)位相年份的PNA+(PNA-)事件的强度较小,生命史较长,PNA-(PNA+)事件的强度较大生命史较短,位于北太平洋上空的南北向偶极子结构仅出现在PNA+事件过程的成熟阶段。同时,聚类分析也发现,ENSO暖(冷)位相年份的PNA+(PNA-)型的比例大于PNA-(PNA+)型,PNA+型波列结构中有太平洋区域的南北向偶极子结构,而PNA-波列结构中没有,与合成分析结果一致。通过计算北太平洋的300 hPa基本流发现,ENSO循环暖位相年份的副热带急流位置比ENSO循环冷位相年份的偏北,这解释了ENSO循环冷暖位相年份PNA+事件和PNA-事件发生频率的差异。由于中性年份也存在PNA事件,ENSO循环对PNA事件的强度与发生频率有一定的调制作用。     

Eigensensitivity analysis of moisture-related buckling of marine composite panels

In this paper, an approximate closed-form solution is presented to compute the moisture-related buckling of symmetric angle-ply laminates. The environment corresponds to a steady state condition, which provides a uniform moisture distribution for the laminate. The laminate consists of four layers [θ/−θ]_s constructed of low, moderate and high stiffness ratio materials. Comparative results using the Rayleigh–Ritz method provides a means of assessing the accuracy of the expression. For certain laminate architectures, several modes must be computed to ascertain the lowest buckling mode, and once identified, provides an excellent approximation for the mode computed using the Rayleigh–Ritz method.     

Interrelations between coeval mafic and A-type silicic magmas from composite dykes in a bimodal suite of southern Israel, northernmost Arabian–Nubian Shield: Geochemical and isotope constraints

Late Neoproterozoic bimodal dyke suites are abundant in the Arabian–Nubian Shield. In southern Israel this suite includes dominant alkaline quartz porphyry dykes, rare mafic dykes, and numerous composite dykes with felsic interiors and mafic margins. The quartz porphyry chemically corresponds to A-type granite. Composite dykes with either abrupt or gradational contacts between the felsic and mafic rocks bear field, petrographic and chemical evidence for coexistence and mixing of basaltic and rhyolitic magmas. Mixing and formation of hybrid intermediate magmas commenced at depth and continued during emplacement of the dykes. Oxygen isotope ratios of alkali feldspar in quartz porphyry (13 to 15‰) and of plagioclase in trachydolerite (10–11‰) are much higher than their initial magmatic ratios predicted by equilibrium with unaltered quartz (8 to 9‰) and clinopyroxene (5.8‰). The elevation of δ¹⁸O in alkali feldspar and plagioclase, and extensive turbidization and sericitization call for post-magmatic low-temperature (≤ 100 °C) water–rock interaction. Hydrous alteration of alkali feldspar, the major carrier of Rb and Sr in the quartz–porphyry, also accounts for the highly variable and unusually high I(Sr) of 0.71253 to 0.73648.

The initial ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd ratios, expressed by ε_Nd(T) values, are probably unaltered and show small variation in mafic and felsic rocks within a narrow range from + 1.4 to + 3.3. The Nd isotope signature suggests either a common mantle source for the mafic and silicic magmas or a juvenile crustal source for the felsic rocks (metamorphic rocks from the Elat area). However, oxygen isotope ratios of zircon in quartz porphyry [δ¹⁸O(Zrn) = 6.5 to 7.2‰] reveal significant crustal contribution to the rhyolite magma, suggesting that mafic and A-type silicic magmas are not co-genetic, although coeval. Comparison of ¹⁸O/¹⁶O ratios in zircon allows to distinguish two groups of A-type granites in the region: those with mantle-derived source, δ¹⁸O(Zrn) ranging from 5.5 to 5.8‰ (Timna and Katharina granitoids) and those with major contribution of the modified juvenile crustal component, δ¹⁸O(Zrn) varying from 6.5 to 7.2‰ (Elat quartz porphyry dykes and the Yehoshafat alkaline granite). This suggests that A-type silicic magmas in the northern ANS originated by alternative processes almost coevally.     

金平松林坡复合型金矿

松林坡金矿2002年新发现。矿体主要受浅成 超浅成侵入体及其内部和附近的断裂 裂隙系控制。多种控矿条件的复合、匹配对金矿成矿起制约作用:岩脉、岩体受断裂及两组以上断裂交汇控制,矿质来源、成矿流体来源多样化,矿(化)体明显具多种蚀变作用叠加特征。     

四川宣达盐盆富钾富矿卤水地球化学特征及资源意义研究

宣达盐盆富钾富矿卤水产于四川盆地东北部黄金口背斜群南段付家山构造近高点,以深层卤水形式赋存于3260m左右的下三叠统嘉陵江组五段和中统雷口坡组一段(T1j5-T2L1)盐系的碳酸盐岩储层中。卤水与海水蒸发系列相比,K+含量异常高,达25 96g L,超过海水钾盐沉积阶段,也超过综合利用和单独开采品位,为国内外罕见的液态钾矿资源。且富含I-,B3+,Li+,Rb+,Sr2+等多种有用组分,品质优异,构成优质化工原料水,为一种综合性富钾富矿液态矿藏,经济价值极高。卤水为沉积变质水和固态钾盐溶滤水的复合成因。开发利用将可为农业提供优质钾肥,缓解我国钾盐资源不足,并可提供多种短缺的化工产品,对固态钾盐找矿具有重要现实意义。     

某地基不均匀沉降的三维分析

某地基处理原拟采用CFG复合地基。但由于地层情况复杂 ,施工难度大 ,决定采用CFG桩和人工挖孔桩进行地基处理 ,但是这种处理方案可能会引发地基不均匀沉降从而对上部结构产生不良影响 ,因此合理的的选取人工挖孔桩桩间距非常重要。通过对四种桩间距情形下地基的三维沉降分析 ,选取了合理的人工挖孔桩桩间距 ,解决了这一工程难题.     

制作1:5万TM影像图的关键技术

为了适应面广量大且需求仍在不断增长的1:5万专题调查制图的需要,我们采用数字插值放大、优化波段组合的光机复合处理技术,探索了1:5万高质量TM影像图的制作技术。本文介绍了制作1:5万高质量TM影像图的基本工艺方案及技术关键:(1)对TM图像磁带数据进行实数倍(2.28倍)双向线性插值放大,(2)在C-4500扫描仪上用50μm光点扫描获得比例尺为1:25万的潜影图像,(3)把潜影图像经显影、定影处理,再光学放大5倍,获得1:5万TM影像图。从我们结合有关任务先后在河北省南皮县、黑龙江省穆稜县和山东省莱洲湾等地区进行的试验研究看,均取得了良好效果。     

苏鲁交界至南黄海地区应力场的动态变化与地震活动

利用地震记录的初至波符号使用格点尝试法处理了苏鲁交界至南黄海地震重点监视区及其分区１９６９－１９９１年８月逐时段滑动小震综合震源机制解，研究了该区应力场的基本特征及其动态变化与中强地震活动的关系．发现该区应力场总体特征与华北大区域应力场基本一致，但稳定性较差，可能存在一定的垂向作用．该区中强地震多发生在综合机制解Ｐ、Ｔ轴仰角增大时段，震前多表现为矛盾符号比高值异常．这一现象对今后该区中强地震预报具有现实意义．     

复合成矿系统理论:揭开西南特提斯成矿之谜的关键

本文总结了"三江特提斯复合造山与成矿作用"和"中国西南特提斯典型复合成矿系统及其深部驱动机制"两轮国家重点基础研究发展规划项目研究进展及其重大突破,主要内容包括以下四个方面:(1)构建了西南特提斯从原特提斯、古特提斯、中特提斯到新特提斯增生-碰撞造山演化模式,揭示复合造山与构造体制转换机制;(2)创建复合成矿系统理论体系,揭示复合造山带巨量金属富集机理。通过对西南特提斯成矿域典型矿床系统剖析,厘定了增生造山海底喷流型Cu-Pb-Zn-Ag、增生-碰撞造山岩浆热液型Cu-Mo-Sn-W、碰撞造山盆地卤水-热液型Pb-Zn-Ag-Cu和碰撞造山斑岩-矽卡岩型Au-Cu-Mo四类复合成矿系统;(3)通过同位素地球化学、地球物理场和成矿系统等综合研究,分析了西南特提斯岩石圈结构以及大规模成矿作用,解析深部动力学机制和成矿机制;(4)构建矿床成因模式和勘查模型,理论指导找矿取得突破。