碎石桩复合地基三维地震响应分析

将饱和砂土视为土水两相介质,以Biot动力固结方程为基础,编制了完全耦合的三维排水有效应力动力反应分析程序。利用该程序对碎石桩复合地基进行了动力反应分析。结果表明:在地震荷载作用下,碎石桩具有明显的减震效应,碎石桩复合地基表层的最大水平振动加速度与天然地基相比明显减小,并且碎石桩对地基的沉降变形有明显的抑制作用;碎石桩的排水效应十分显著,随着输入地震加速度的减弱,在孔压达到峰值以后,由下到上出现了明显的孔压消散现象,碎石桩排水效应的影响范围为上窄下宽的圆台形;碎石桩的加密效应显著;考虑碎石桩各效应的耦合作用比仅考虑其单一效应,计算得到的孔压比要小,因此在进行碎石桩复合地基抗液化判别时,应该综合考虑碎石桩各效应的相互耦合作用。     

Tropical cyclone structure in the South China Sea based on high-resolution reanalysis data and comparison with that of ‘bogus’ vortices

Based on high-resolution reanalysis data of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, several samples of tropical cyclones (TCs), including tropical storms, severe tropical storms, and typhoons, in the South China Sea (SCS), were selected for composite analysis. The structures of these three types of vortices and their differences with ‘bogus’ vortices were investigated. Results showed that TCs in the SCS have characteristics that are distinctly different from vortices formed by the bogussing scheme used at Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology, such as no anticyclone in higher layers, strong convergence concentrated at the bottom of the troposphere, and strong divergence happening in higher layers instead of at 400 hPa. These differences provide clues for constructing a more realistic structure for TCs in the SCS. It was also found that the three types of vortices have some structural features in common. The area with high wind speed is fan-shaped in the north around the TC center, the maximum vorticity appears at 925 hPa, the strongest convergence appears at 1000 hPa, and strong divergence is located from 150 to 100 hPa. On the contrary, significant differences between them were revealed. The warm cores in tropical storms, severe tropical storms, and typhoons are located at 600–400 hPa, 400−300 hPa, and 400−250 hPa, respectively. Among the three types of TCs, the bogus vortex of tropical storms has the largest errors in structure and suffers the largest errors in track forecasts. However, typhoons have the largest errors in the forecast of intensity. This may be related to the great impacts of ocean on TC intensity.     

云南中甸热林岩体的成矿作用

热林矿区的热林复式花岗岩体,从早至晚、边部到中部,分出4个侵入体组成的同源岩浆细粒-中粒-斑状结构演化系列。成矿作用有差异,从而形成各具特色的矿床。     

后注浆刚性桩复合地基的工程实践

某高层建筑物原设计为人工挖孔扩底桩基础,施工过程中由于土层软弱以及地下水影响无法扩底成桩。本文介绍了对上述工程实施的大直径刚性桩复合地基设计方案,该方案利用后注浆技术提高了人工挖孔桩单桩承载力。基桩检测和建筑物沉降观测结果表明该工程地基处理方案是成功的。     

基坑锚杆与土钉复合支护的FLAC数值分析

预应力锚杆+土钉复合支护技术在基坑工程中的应用已越来越广泛.本文以郑州市王家寨基坑工程为实例,采用FLAC数值分析法建立了基坑锚杆与土钉复合支护计算模型.对土体选取理想弹塑性本构模型,对预应力锚杆和土钉选取cable单元,同时考虑支护体系与土体之间的相互作用,对基坑的开挖支护的动态过程进行了模拟分析,研究了基坑开挖对土体的扰动、基坑位移变化以及土钉和锚杆的内力分布规律.研究结论对锚杆与土钉复合支护设计具有一定借鉴意义.     

地震应急避难广场规划探讨——以旺苍为例

本文对城市地震应急避难场所的建设现状和必要性进行了论述,分析计算了地震应急避难场所的类型,对地震应急避难场所编制内容及方法进行了探讨.同时以旺苍县城为例进行了详细分析.本文对提高城市综合防灾减灾能力有一定的参考意义.     

P波极性数据所揭示的台湾地区三维应力结构的初步结果

采用综合震源机制方法,利用503393个P波极性数据反演了台湾地区的三维应力结构.对于给定点,根据该点及邻近区域地震的所有P波极性数据采用地震综合震源机制进行估算,P波极性数据的权重由高斯距离函数给定.该方法可以采用大量P波极性数据,包括不能确定单个地震震源机制的P波极性数据.与传统的震源机制确定应力场的方法相比,该方...     

不同应力状态和摩擦系数对综合P波辐射花样影响的模拟研究

为研究不同应力状态(包括主应力相对大小)和摩擦系数对大量地震P波初动辐射花样(综合P波辐射花样)的影响,首先给出了不同应力状态下的剪应力、摩擦应力和库仑破裂应力在断层面法向上的三维分布.表明即使在不考虑摩擦的情况下,剪应力在不同取向断层面上的分布也有很大差别,摩擦应力也在不同取向断层面上造成一定影响.其次,根据库仑破裂...     

应用动态复合震源模型模拟汶川Mw7.9地震强地面运动

2008年5月12日中国汶川地区发生Mw7.9地震,震中位置103.4°E,31.0°N.主要发震断层空间展布长达300多公里,由南西方向到北东方向呈现明显的分段性,汶川一映秀段逆冲为主兼有少量的右旋走滑分量;安县一北川段为逆冲一右旋走滑的断层错动;青川段以右旋走滑为主兼有少量逆冲分量.采用改进后的复合震源强地面运动预...     

Provenance comparisons between the Nambucca Block,Eastern Australia and the Torlesse Composite Terrane,New Zealand: connections and implications from detrital zircon age patterns

Detrital zircon U–Pb LAM-ICPMS age patterns for sandstones from the mid-Permian –Triassic part (Rakaia Terrane) of the accretionary wedge forming the Torlesse Composite Terrane in Otago, New Zealand, and from the early Permian Nambucca Block of the New England Orogen, eastern Australia, constrain the development of the early Gondwana margin. In Otago, the Triassic Torlesse samples have a major (64%), younger group of Permian–Early Triassic age components at ca 280, 255 and 240 Ma, and a minor (30%) older age group with a Precambrian–early Paleozoic range (ca 1000, 600 and 500 Ma). In Permian sandstones nearby, the younger, Late Permian age components are diminished (30%) with respect to the older Precambrian–early Paleozoic age group, which now also contains major (50%) and unusual Carboniferous age components at ca 350–330 Ma. Sandstones from the Nambucca Block, an early Permian extensional basin in the southern New England Orogen, follow the Torlesse pattern: the youngest. Early Permian age components are minor (<20%) and the overall age patterns are dominated (40%) by Carboniferous age components (ca 350–320 Ma). These latter zircons are inherited from either the adjacent Devonian–Carboniferous accretionary wedge (e.g. Texas-Woolomin and Coffs Harbour Blocks) or the forearc basin (Tamworth Belt) farther to the west, in which volcaniclastic-dominated sandstone units have very similar pre-Permian (principally Carboniferous) age components. This gradual variation in age patterns from Devonian–late Carboniferous time in Australia to Late Permian–mid-Cretaceous time in New Zealand suggests an evolutionary model for the Eastern Gondwanaland plate margin and the repositioning of its subduction zone. (1) A Devonian to Carboniferous accretionary wedge in the New England Orogen developing at a (present-day) Queensland position until late in the Carboniferous. (2) Early Permian outboard repositioning of the primary, magmatic arc allowing formation of extensional basins throughout the New England Orogen. (3) Early to mid-Permian translocation of the accretionary wedge and more inboard active-margin elements, southwards to their present position. This was accompanied by oroclinal bending which allowed the initiation of a new, late Permian to Early Triassic accretionary wedge (eventually the Torlesse Composite Terrane of New Zealand) in an offshore Queensland position. (4) Jurassic–Cretaceous development of this accretionary wedge offshore, in northern Zealandia, with southwards translation of the various constituent terranes of the Torlesse Composite Terrane to their present New Zealand position.