四川汶川大地震的构造分析

2008年5月12日在汶川映秀(北纬31.0°,东经103.4°)发生8级大地震,而后发生万余次余震,其最大震级为6.4级.此次地震属主震-余震型地震.通过构造分析认为.汶川大地震是构造地震,主要受龙门山断裂带的强烈活动控制.它是一种板内地震,其动力来源来自印度板块与欧亚板块的碰撞.而成都平原处于稳定地块中,尽管离震中较近,然受地震的影响有限,是比较安全的.     

Impact of the tsunami and earthquake of 26th December 2004 on the vital coastal ecosystems of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands assessed using RESOURCESAT AWiFS data

Tsunami waves struck the Indian coast on 26th December 2004 affecting the Andaman and Nicobar group of islands. A quick assessment of the status of the vital coastal ecosystems has been made using pre- and post-tsunami Advance Wide Field Sensor (AWiFS) data of Indian satellite RESOURCESAT with an accuracy of 87–90% and the Kappa ranging from 0.8696 to 0.9053. Among the coastal ecosystems the coral reefs have suffered the maximum with the Nicobar reefs (69% eroded and 29% degraded) bearing the brunt more than the Andaman reefs (54% eroded and 22% degraded). Significant improvement to the condition of the reef damaged due to backwash has been noted. About 41% of the Sentinel reef area has undergone significant improvement. The continuance of the erosion of the southwestern Andaman reefs is due to the impact of recurring earthquakes. The impact on mangroves of both the groups of islands has been due to uprooting as well as inundation of seawater and resulting stagnation. Changes are expected in community structure of mangroves as a result of tsunami.     

"5.12"汶川大地震震中区映秀镇地震灾情及次生地质灾害遥感初步调查

"5.12"四川汶川8级大地震发生后,中国国土资源航空物探遥感中心立即采用"赛斯纳"高空遥感飞机,携带高清晰彩色数码相机及先进的POS系统,迅速获取了重灾区的航摄图像数据。本文以震中附近的映秀镇地区为例,简要介绍了以该高质量航摄数据为基础,采用数字滑坡技术,快速进行震后重灾区灾情及次生地质灾害遥感调查的成果。     

区域地质灾害危害程度等级划分探讨

区域性地质灾害危害程度等级尚无比较科学的划分方法。通过福建省区域地质灾害危害程度等级划分的探讨,采用单位面积地质灾害造成的人员死亡数、财产损失值作为“地质灾害模数”,对区域地质灾害危害程度等级进行划分,判别不同区域地质灾害严重程度,为区域地质灾害防治决策提供科学依据。     

汶川特大地震后成都盆地内隐伏断层活动性分析

成都盆地内主要有3条隐伏的活动断裂带,包括大邑断裂带、蒲江-新津断裂带和龙泉山断裂带,它们在第四纪都表现出了一定的活动性."512"汶川特大地震后,笔者实地考察的结果表明,在汶川特大地震中成都盆地中的隐伏断裂没有产生新的活动性,目前成都盆地不存在发生特大地震的危险性,是安全的.     

高地震区公路隧道地震动力响应分析

基于土一结构相互作用理论,对高地震区一实际重大工程的公路隧道洞口段结构进行了抗震计算,得到了衬砌结构各控制点的位移、加速度及内力响应规律。结果表明：在人工合成地震波条件下,衬砌墙脚、拱腰为抗震薄弱位置;结构的加速度波形与输入波形相似;这些结果为抗震设计提供了一些依据。     

追忆李四光对防震减灾的贡献,以系统整体观指导防震应急

笔者在追忆李四光地震科学和防震减灾指导思想的基础上,提出了以系统整体观指导防震应急的新论点,包括:运用地壳运动整体观研究地震规律;应用地震预测整体观进行地震预测;划分活动性构造体系,研究构造活动性;加强综合监测,研究各种地震前兆和相关的自然变异的发展趋势;圈定地震风险区,制定防震应急预案等.并结合中国的实际情况进行了论述.     

北武夷地区逆冲推覆构造的特征及其控矿作用

北武夷地区成矿地质条件优越,矿产资源分布广泛,而广泛发育的推覆构造深刻影响着矿床的成生与保存。区域性推覆构造是成矿前、成矿期还是成矿后的构造,其精细结构特征如何,是否具有控岩控矿作用,如果是破矿作用,是否造成矿体重复增大或者隐伏、缺失等问题,严重影响着地质找矿的效果。建议开展面积性、追索性的路线地质调查,查明逆冲推覆构造的区域分布、不同单元的产状、构造样式,分别采用40Ar-39Ar和Re-Os定年技术测定推覆构造和矿体的形成时代,结合定量化分析及精细构造解析,研究构造与矿床的成生联系,预测隐伏矿体可能的位置,进而为北武夷地区寻找隐伏矿床和扩大矿床远景提供参考。     

An essay on the interactions between climate and society

There has been increasing concern about the lack of involvement by social scientists and humanists in a global change program, although many social scientists are already directly involved in various aspects of research on environmental change, and their research interests are clearly central to a global change research agenda. Based on a historical review, the role of social science disciplines as well as social science institutes in an emerging multidecadal global change program is discussed. Both “plan of action” and “plan of inaction” are suggested to avoid potential pitfalls due to the rush development of a social science program into the existing global climate change problem.     

临港新城地质特征及其对新城规划与建设的影响分析

结合临港新城三维地质调查所取得的成果,分析了该城区地质特征及对新城建设的影响,为新城规划建设提供科学依据和服务。