乌南油田滨浅湖砂体储层构型及其油气意义

基于Miall储层构型研究思想,结合岩心、测井、测试等资料,对乌南油田砂坝砂体储层构型界面特征进行了研究,确定了储层构型界面识别标志;在此基础上,将砂坝内部构型分为坝主体和坝侧缘,同时通过动、静态结合,明确砂坝外部构型存在孤立、视连通、左侧向叠置和右侧向叠置4种模式;纵向上发育湖退（进积）和湖进（退积）两种砂体发育模式。坝主体是主力储层,具有良好油气显示;坝主体分布面积大、出现频率高为油气有利区域。     

百色盆地东部兰木组古岩溶储层特征及其主控因素

常规薄片和扫描电镜分析表明,百色盆地上法地区兰木组石灰岩古岩溶储层具低孔渗特点,主要储集空间为后期改造产生的裂缝和溶蚀孔洞;经历了风化壳岩溶和缝洞渗流岩溶两种成因的两期岩溶作用,纵向上分表生岩溶带、渗流岩溶带和潜流岩溶带三个相带。裂缝以构造裂缝为主,以发育开启—半开启的高角度裂缝为主,低角度裂缝次之。有三种储层类型,其中以裂缝—孔洞型的最好,为主力产层,裂缝—孔隙型的次之,孔隙型的最差。影响古岩溶储层空间发育的主控因素为断裂和构造活动、岩石纯度、后期成岩作用的破坏。     

三峡重庆库区生态监测规划研究

本文在简要介绍三峡重庆库区基本情况的基础上,分析了库区生态问题,科学合理地提出了重庆库区生态监测的布站原则、站点选择、监测方式、监测项目和监测方法,为三峡库区生态监测进行了前瞻性的研究.     

Coupling relationship between reservoir diagenesis and hydrocarbon accumulation in Lower Cretaceous Yingcheng Formation of Dongling,Changling fault depression,Songliao Basin,Northeast China

The Lower Cretaceous Yingcheng Formation in the southern Songliao Basin is the typical tight oil sandstone in China. In order to better predict the petrophysical properties of the tight sandstone reservoirs in the Lower Cretaceous Yingcheng Formation, Songliao Basin, Northeast China, the diagenesis and porosity evolution was investigated using a suite of petrographic and geochemical techniques including thin section analysis, scanning electron microscopy, mercury intrusion and fluid inclusion analysis, on a set of selected tight sandstone samples. Combined with the histories of burial evolution, organic matter thermal evolution and hydrocarbon charge, the matching relationship between reservoir porosity evolution and hydrocarbon accumulation history is analyzed. The result showed that the tight sandstone reservoirs characterized of being controlled by deposition, predominated by compaction, improved by dissolution and enhanced by cementation. The hydrocarbon accumulation period was investigated using a suite of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion history, microfluorescence determination and temperature measurement technology. According to the homogenization temperature of the inclusions and the history of burial evolution, Yingcheng Formation has mainly two phases hydrocarbon accumulation. The first phase of oil and gas is charged before the reservoir is tightened, the oil and gas generated by Shahezi source rocks enter the sand body of Yingcheng Formation, influenced by the carrying capability of sand conducting layer, oil and gas is mainly conducted by the better properties and higher connectivity sand body and enriched in the east, which belongs to the type of densification after hydrocarbon accumulation. The second phase of oil and gas charge after densification, which belongs to the type of densification before the hydrocarbon accumulation.     

Evaluation of clayed silt properties on the behavior of hydrate production in South China Sea

Gas hydrate is one kind of potential energy resources that is buried under deep seafloor or frozen areas. The first trial offshore production from the silty reservoir was conducted in the South China Sea by the China Geological Survey (CGS). During this test, there were many unique characteristics different from the sand reservoir, which was believed to be related to the clayed silt physical properties. In this paper, simulation experiments, facilities analysis, and theoretical calculation were used to confirm the hydrate structure, reservoir thermo-physical property, and bond water movement rule. And the behavior of how they affected production efficiency was analyzed. The results showed that: It was reasonable to use the structure I rather than structure II methane hydrate phase equilibrium data to make the production plan; the dissociation heat absorbed by hydrate was large enough to cause hydrate self-protection or reformation depend on the reservoir thermal transfer and gas supply; clayed silt got better thermal conductivity compared to coarse grain, but poor thermal convection especially with hydrate; clayed silt sediment was easy to bond water, but the irreducible water can be exchanged to free water under high production pressure, and the most obvious pressure range of water increment was 1.9–4.9 MPa.     

三峡库区地质灾害防减灾战略关键问题

三峡库区地质灾害防治已成为目前中国地质灾害防治的主战场。论文主要分析三峡库区地质灾害防治工作中面临的主要问题及防、减灾战略实施中的一系列关键问题。先概要介绍了库区地质灾害种类繁多、量大面广、日趋严重的现状;然后从库区人为诱发地质灾害愈演愈烈的状况、地质灾害基础调查工作在广度与深度方面的不足、地质灾害防治资金投入有限等方面对目前该区地质灾害防治面临的主要问题进行了研究;其后重点从库区地质灾害防治总体规划的形成历程与实施、地质灾害的科学管理制度的建立与多体系管理体制的理顺、地质灾害的预测预报研究与成果转化及库区地质灾害全面监测预警体系的建立、治理地质灾害采用的整治与利用相结合的技术措施等方面,深入分析了实施库区地质灾害防、减灾战略的一些关键问题。结论认为,呈日趋严重之势的库区地质灾害,难以在水库最终建成蓄水之前实施全面治理,防、减灾战略的关键是要尽快实施库区地质灾害总体防治规划,并且在总体防治规划的指导下,在科学的地质灾害管理制度及顺畅的管理体制下,开展库区地质灾害预测预报工作及全面实施监测预警。同时实施重点整治与土地利用相结合的治灾技术路线。     

基于地面三维激光扫描的三峡库区危岩体监测

三峡水库周期性蓄水改变了岸坡内的地下水渗流场和应力场,降低岩土体的剪切强度,对库岸边坡、岩体稳定性影响很大。以往库区岸坡岩体形变监测主要通过设置固定点进行观测,难以发现岩体整体变化情况。地面三维激光扫描方法能获取岩体整体表面厘米精度的点云数据,具有无需接触目标、获取速度快、精度高等特点,非常适合库区高陡危岩体表面三维形变监测。以巫山箭穿洞危岩体为例,采用地面三维激光扫描方法对箭穿洞危岩体进行了为期2年（2017—2018年）共3期监测,以第一期观测目标周围稳定岩体数据为基准,对数据进行重叠点云迭代配准,点云配准精度优于±2.7 cm。针对箭穿洞危岩体在观测时段内的变化情况,构建危岩体区域的基准不规则三角网模型,以点到基准面最近距离法结合危岩体变化区间分析其变形。通过对比分析箭穿洞危岩体3期观测数据,发现相对于2017年,2018年箭穿洞危岩体左侧岩体有变形趋势;在库区蓄水阶段,危岩体局部多处存在明显凹陷变化,局部因蓄水影响发生约−0.03～−0.07 m变形。结果证明三维激光扫描技术在库岸高陡边坡形变监测中的有效性,为三峡库区高陡危岩体形变监测及地质灾害防治工作提供了参考。     

三峡库区巫山县新城址王家屋场滑坡研究

巫山县新城址的地质问题是当前工程地质界关注和争议的焦点,也是库区具有普遍性的问题。王家屋场滑坡是一个具有独特性的滑坡,它的发育具有特殊的区域地质构造和地貌环境。文中详细阐述了滑坡本身的地貌和岩体结构特点,分析得出滑坡经历了先期滑动和后期改造的复杂过程,先期滑动具有多次滑动性,后期改造作用不亚于先期滑坡作用,岩溶溶蚀作用自始至终是滑坡的主导作用,构造破碎为溶蚀作用提供了条件。目前滑坡在整体上是稳定的     

三峡工程库区岩溶岸坡岩体劣化及其灾变效应

三峡工程库区175 m试验性蓄水10 多年后,峡谷区岩溶岸坡水位变动带岩体劣化强烈,新生或加速形成了大量地质灾害,引起研究人员和政府的广泛关注。文章从微细观到宏观、由点到面,采用野外调查、室内试验分析了三峡库区岩溶岸坡岩体劣化及其灾变效应。野外调查显示,溶蚀岩体劣化集中发育于三峡、大宁河等干支流峡谷区域,其中以巫峡共约10 km长的岸坡最为典型。溶蚀岩体劣化机制包括以机械搬运为主的物理机制、以溶蚀/溶解为主的化学机制和以应力腐蚀断裂为主的力学机制。岩体劣化导致溶蚀岩体结构降级,岸坡局部持续形变。岩体劣化、岩溶水动力作用、岸坡形变相互促进,推动了岸坡灾变的发生。大量案例表明,岩溶岸坡岩体劣化引起灾变效应早期,破坏浅表层、岸坡不断后退。岩体劣化影响下岩溶岸坡破坏模式包括崩塌、滑移和倾倒3种主要类型。库水位长期变动导致的溶蚀岩体劣化带来了前所未有的高陡岸坡灾变威胁,可能将三峡库区地质灾害带入新的发育阶段。本研究将为三峡库区岩溶地质灾害隐患点识别与防灾减灾提供技术支撑。     

鄂尔多斯盆地靖边气田马五_(1+2)气藏储集单元研究

综合地震、地质、测井等信息,考虑沉积、成岩、地貌、生产动态等多因素,在沟槽识别和致密带研究基础上,通过井间干扰、油层压力变化和试井边界响应分析,按照局部、就近原则对靖边气田马五1+2气藏进行了储集单元划分。共划分出111个储集单元,其中独立型69个,复合型42个。这些储集单元的面积多介于10～50km2之间,单个储集单元的井数一般少于6口。在对气藏储层特征综合认识的基础上,确定流动单元划分思路与流程,并认为关键环节包括古沟槽识别、致密带研究、动静结合确定储集单元等3个方面。储集单元一方面受控于被致密岩相包围的有利成岩相带,宏观上与弱—中等充填泥粉晶白云岩相对应性好;另一方面又受各级古沟槽夹持,在两个一级古沟槽之间往往共生多个储集单元,而这些储集单元边界又严格地受二级或三级沟槽切割控制。