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91.
吉林省北部A型花岗岩的初步认识 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
分布在吉林省北部的香水、治安一带的正长花岗岩、碱长花岗岩,研究后认为属A型花岗岩。其行征钾长石为微斜长石一条纹长石,斜长石大部分为奥长石An=13-17。并有碱性碱物无辉石。 相似文献
92.
93.
94.
Gregory N. Tsokas 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1995,144(1):117-134
The anomalies which are shown on the gravity and aeromagnetic data of the Chalkidhiki peninsula of Northern Greece reveal
the presence of three concealed dense and magnetized bodies. The ophiolitic belt which continues northwards of the geophysical
anomalies suggests that they are caused by structures which belong to it.
Multiple source Werner deconvolution shows that the lower surfaces of buried bodies in Toroneos Gulf and the one onshore are
concave upwards.
The northern concealed body has a width of 16 kilometers, while the southern one is 8 kilometres in width. A three-dimensional
model, well constrained, gives an estimate of the dimensions of the onshore feature.
The edges of the bodies, delineated by the terracing method, are formed by faults along the trend of the Hellenides orogenic
belt. The edges of the body in the outer part of Toroneos Gulf may be associated with seismic swarms that occurred in the
1980s. 相似文献
95.
北半球阻塞高压的维持Ⅱ:瞬变扰动强迫和平均流位涡平流的形成 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:4
着重探讨大西洋阻高和东亚阻高个例中瞬变扰动位涡(涡度)输送强迫和太平洋阻高中平均流位涡平流的形成机理。结果表明,扰动在阻高西南部西风分流区因形变而产生的扰动拟能向更小尺度串级过程,并不是扰动位涡输送强迫形成的必要机理。扰-流相互作用在阻高西(北)部非分流气流中也十分显著。数值试验表明,这一相互作用也可能是扰动强迫作用形成的机理。而青藏高原和附近海陆对比的强迫作用则可能是太平洋阻高中平均流的位涡平流形成的重要因素。对比分析表明,阻高维持机制的地域性差别可能与其上游(如青藏高原地区、落基山脉)地形和热源强迫作用不同有关。 相似文献
96.
Climate data from 339 meteorological stations collected from the 1950s to the early 2000s was employed to discuss aeolian activity in arid and semiarid northern China. The results show that at decadal time scales, erosivity varied greatly in this region. Most of arid and semiarid northern China was characterised by environments with moderate to low wind energy. After the 1980s, the erosivity was only 20 to 50% of that beforehand, and this difference had a significant impact on the environmental changes observed during the two periods. The dune mobility index was consistent with the observed dune activity. After the 1980s dune activity decreased and in some deserts with vegetated dune systems during the 1970s most of the dune plinths were active until the 1980s, after which only the crests were active. Some mobile dunes that had developed at the margins of mobile deserts were replaced by semi-anchored or anchored dunes. Because most desert areas with vegetated dune systems in arid and semiarid northern China are used for farming or grazing, the results of our monitoring show that the desertification trends were consistent with the trends in erosivity and dune activity in this region. Desertification was controlled much more by climatic changes than has previously been acknowledged, and especially by fluctuations in wind energy. 相似文献
97.
中更新世气候转型期是第四纪古气候研究的一个特殊时期。利用大洋钻探ODP 184航次在南海北部钻取的1144站时间分辨率高达约290年的沉积物样品,开展中更新世气候转型期古气候变化的研究。在中更新世距今80~100万年前,浮游和底栖有孔虫壳体的稳定氧碳同位素变化揭示出,中更新世气候转型中心,即中更新世革命0.9 Ma左右,南海北部表层海水温度的降低和降水量的增加指示东亚冬、夏季风增强。以中更新世革命为界,水体垂向结构上温跃层和营养跃层的深度从之前的间冰期较浅转变为之后的间冰期较深,底层水与表层水的垂直温度梯度从冰期时较大转变为冰期时较小。轨道尺度上,冰消期时南海北部的表层水、次表层水和底层水的变化几乎是同时发生的,不存在超前或滞后的相位差。千年尺度上,有孔虫的氧碳同位素变化都呈现出非常明显的约0.8 ka和约1.4 ka的气候波动周期。氧同位素0.8 ka滤波显示出:在中更新世气候转型期,较强的信号主要出现在间冰期,有时也出现在冰期,与晚第四纪千年尺度气候波动主要出现在冰期不同,说明中更新世的气候转型不仅表现在轨道尺度的气候周期变化上,同时也体现在千年尺度气候波动的特征变化中。
相似文献
98.
99.
Gold ore-forming fluids of the Tanami region, Northern Australia 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Fluid inclusion studies have been carried out on major gold deposits and prospects in the Tanami region to determine the compositions
of the associated fluids and the processes responsible for gold mineralization. Pre-ore, milky quartz veins contain only two-phase
aqueous inclusions with salinities ≤19 wt% NaCl eq. and homogenization temperatures that range from 110 to 410°C. In contrast,
the ore-bearing veins typically contain low to moderate salinity (<14 wt% NaCl eq.), H2O + CO2 ± CH4 ± N2-bearing fluids. The CO2-bearing inclusions coexist with two-phase aqueous inclusions that exhibit a wider range of salinities (≤21 wt% NaCl eq.).
Post-ore quartz and carbonate veins contain mainly two-phase aqueous inclusions, with a last generation of aqueous inclusions
being very CaCl2-rich. Salinities range from 7 to 33 wt% NaCl eq. and homogenization temperatures vary from 62 to 312°C. Gold deposits in
the Tanami region are hosted by carbonaceous or iron-rich sedimentary rocks and/or mafic rocks. They formed over a range of
depths at temperatures from 200 to 430°C. The Groundrush deposit formed at the greatest temperatures and depths (260–430°C
and ≤11 km), whereas deposits in the Tanami goldfield formed at the lowest temperatures (≥200°C) and at the shallowest depths
(1.5–5.6 km). There is also evidence in the Tanami goldfield for late-stage isothermal mixing with higher salinity (≤21 wt%
NaCl eq.) fluids at temperatures between 100 and 200°C. Other deposits (e.g., The Granites, Callie, and Coyote) formed at
intermediate depths and at temperatures ranging from 240 to 360°C. All ore fluids contained CO2 ± N2 ± CH4, with the more deeply formed deposits being enriched in CH4 and higher level deposits being enriched in CO2. Fluids from deposits hosted mainly by sedimentary rocks generally contained appreciable quantities of N2. The one exception is the Tanami goldfield, where the quartz veins were dominated by aqueous inclusions with rare CO2-bearing inclusions. Calculated δ
18O values for the ore fluids range from 3.8 to 8.5‰ and the corresponding δD values range from −89 to −37‰. Measured δ
13C values from CO2 extracted from fluid inclusions ranged from −5.1 to −8.4‰. These data indicate a magmatic or mixed magmatic/metamorphic source
for the ore fluids in the Tanami region. Interpretation of the fluid inclusion, alteration, and structural data suggests that
mineralization may have occurred via a number of processes. Gold occurs in veins associated with brittle fracturing and other
dilational structures, but in the larger deposits, there is also an association with iron-rich rocks or carbonaceous sediments,
suggesting that both structural and chemical controls are important. The major mineralization process appears to be boiling/effervescence
of a gas-rich fluid, which leads to partitioning of H2S into the vapor phase resulting in gold precipitation. However, some deposits also show evidence of desulfidation by fluid–rock
interaction and/or reduction of the ore-fluid by fluid mixing. These latter processes are generally more prevalent in the
higher crustal-level deposits. 相似文献
100.
Yoshihiko Kariya Go Sato Kuniyasu Mokudai Jiro Komori Masaki Ishii Ryoko Nishii Yosuke Miyazawa Noriko Tsumura 《Landslides》2007,4(1):91-94
This paper describes a rockfall event in the Daisekkei Valley of Mount Shirouma-dake (2,932 m), the northern Japanese Alps.
The rockfall occurred on a steep cliff comprising well-jointed felsites and produced debris of ≥8,000 m3. Most debris was deposited on an elongated snowpatch located immediately beneath the cliff, and it caused casualties among
people who were trekking along a trail on the snowpatch. Additionally, a large rock block slipped 1 km on the snowpatch. The
rockfall could have been due to the differential retreat of the rockwall, which contains areas of high- and low-density joints.
Seasonal and diurnal freeze–thaw activities and snow avalanches and wash appear to be important factors responsible for the
retreat. Although some rock blocks that can collapse further remain on the rockwall, the position of the mountain trail in
the Daisekkei Valley is fixed. Fundamental reform of tourism systems for climbers, including education on natural hazards,
is required. 相似文献