CFG桩桩身材料强度试验研究

通过材料实验,对大掺量Ⅲａ级粉煤灰素混凝土构成的ＣＦＧ桩桩身材料进行力学性能方面的试验研究,主要探讨抗压强度与材料配比,龄期之间的关系。实验结果表明,大掺量Ⅲａ级粉煤灰素混凝土作为桩身材料,在突破传统限制粉煤灰取代水泥率的条件下,仍可达到设计要求的抗压强度。     

水泥与生石灰处理吹填土对比试验研究

吹填土是由水力吹填形成的,颗粒很细,固结性能差,吹填以后要经过很长时间才能自然沉积固结,待表面形成硬壳后方可进行加固处理,因此,缩短沉积固结时间,使吹填土尽快地从泥浆状态转变为具有一定承载力的地基,是亟待解决的问题。在室内进行模拟加固方法的沉降柱试验,对吹填土加添固化剂以加速其沉积固结。固化剂主要选用水泥和生石灰,对两种添加方式的机理及固结效果进行详尽的分析和研究,初步找出加固效果产生差异的原因,从而揭示其固化机理,为吹填土地基的加固提供一种更加经济可行的方法。     

粉体搅拌桩在铁质尾矿地基加固中的应用

以省道S243拓宽改造工程为研究背景,对粉体搅拌桩处理铁质尾矿地基加固的效果进行了室内和现场试验的分析对比。结果表明,用粉体搅拌桩处理铁质尾矿地基效果良好,地基稳定,无不均匀沉降,为进一步的研究工作提供了参考。     

Estimating cement take and grout efficiency on foundation improvement for Li-Yu-Tan dam

The cement take needed for dam foundation improvement with grout-curtain is difficult to estimate due to the complexity of the rock foundation and the great number of Lugeon tests involved in the analysis. Therefore, this study adopted the mean method, the linear regression method, and the back-propagation neural network (BPN) method to analyze the grout-curtain construction data of the Li-Yu-Tan dam, Taiwan, in order to estimate the cement take needed. The samples analyzed included data from 3532 grout sections. The data from the first half of the grout-curtain construction were used to derive the parameters of the predictive schemes, and then the second half of the grout-curtain construction's data were used to test the accuracy of those schemes. The accuracy levels estimated by these three methods on gross cement take were 71.8%, 59.8%, and 75.3% for the mean method, the linear regression method and the BNP method, respectively. All accuracy levels estimated by these three methods were higher than the original design level of 43.4%. Furthermore, the efficiency of the grout improvement in the studied cases were confirmed by observing the changes of the distribution curve of the Lugeon value following each grout sequence. The method proposed is intelligible and can be applied in other situations.     

Business cycles and forecasts of industrial minerals use

The future markets for industrial minerals depend on the business cycles of the industries that use these minerals. In this study, I develop a method to establish the relationships between the cycles in major sectors of the economy and the markets for minerals. This method is demonstrated for the use of cement, gypsum, salt, and asbestos in the United States since World War II. Assuming that past relationships will continue, we can forecast consumption for these minerals based on predictions of future trends in the economy.     

水泥固化软土的微观结构特性

我国广泛分布着软土,由于地基处理过程中经常采用水泥进行加固,水泥加固软土效果差异较大,甚至在一些高有机质含量的软土地区,工程中出现了加固失败的现象,因此,为有效地研究水泥加固软土的效果,文章利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)技术,从土体微观结构特征出发,对江门某公路段中高有机质水泥加固土体粒度成分、结构单元体成分、孔隙特征及结构特征进行了定量分析,从SEM图像定量分析中可以看出,研究路段的水泥加固土体,其微观颗粒结构单元体和孔隙的定向性均较差,粒内微小孔隙发育,样品具有各向同性的特点。     

Contamination of the cement raw material in a quarry site by seawater intrusion,Darica-Turkey

The open pit mining nearby shoreline is planned to be extended into below sea level in order to use additional reserves of the cement raw material (marl). The raw material is currently contaminated by seawater intrusion below a depth of 20 m up to the distance of 90 m from shoreline. Seawater intrusion related contamination of the material used for the cement production was investigated by means of diffusion process for the future two below sea level mining scenarios covering 43 years of period. According to the results, chloride concentrations higher than the tolerable limit of a cement raw material would be present in the material about 10–25 cm inward from each discontinuity surface, controlling groundwater flow, located between 170 and 300 m landward from the shoreline at below sea level mining depths of 0–30 m. The estimations suggest that total amounts of dilution required for the contaminated raw material to reduce its concentration level to the tolerance limit with uncontaminated raw material are about 113- to 124-fold for scenario I (13 years of below sea level mining after 30 years of above sea level mining) and about 126- to 138-fold for scenario II (43 years of simultaneous above and below sea level minings).     

水泥搅拌桩施工技术浅谈

通过工程实践，从施工角度对水泥搅拌桩施工技术进行全过程分析总结。     

水泥生产碳排放的产生环节及减排措施

在工业生产过程中,CO2的大量排放被认为是导致气候变暖的重要因素之一,因此控制和减少CO2排放已成为人类社会面临的紧迫任务。水泥工业是人为排放CO2的重要来源之一,这就意味着水泥工业会在一种不断增加的管理压力下减少CO2的排放量,以应对全球变暖的现状。水泥生产过程中CO2的直接排放和间接排放两大排放途径,直接排放主要包括碳酸盐分解,烧成燃料/非烧成燃料的燃烧。间接排放主要是指电力消耗所产生的CO2。针对碳的排放环节,有效可行的CO2减排措施,例如原料、燃料的替代,熟料化学成分的改变,能源效率的提高等,对我国水泥工业的碳减排提出一些建议和看法。     

偶极子声波测井在双层套管井中激发的声场特征

多层套管井中的套管-水泥以及水泥-地层在径向上的分布较单层套管井界面多且径向分布范围更深.目前还未有针对多层套管井固井质量评价的有效方法,偶极子阵列声波测井具有工作频率低径向探测深的优势,本文通过实轴积分和三维有限差分计算了偶极子声源在不同胶结状况的双层套管井中激发的声场,旨在探讨偶极子阵列声波在双层套管井中评价外层套管和地层之间胶结状况的可行性.计算结果表明,在两层套管之间充填泥浆时,全波波形中可明显观测到地层弯曲波和套管弯曲波,若外层套管和地层之间充填水泥套管弯曲波的慢度明显高于充填泥浆时的慢度值;在外层套管和地层之间胶结的水泥出现缺失,套管弯曲波的频散曲线会处于完全胶结与完全无胶结之间,其变化量与水泥在外层环空的占比近似成线性关系,几乎不受水泥缺失的径向位置影响.由于偶极子声源的指向性,套管弯曲波的响应特征主要受与声源振动指向的方位扇区胶结状况的影响;在两层套管之间充填水泥时,若外层套管和地层之间充填泥浆,仍可观测到套管弯曲波,模拟波列提取的套管弯曲波的频散曲线与解析解计算的频散曲线吻合,两层套管通过水泥胶结在一起,其弯曲振动的传播速度稍有增加,类似单层套管厚度加厚的响应特征.两种模拟方法得到的结果均表明套管弯曲波对外层套管和地层之间的充填介质敏感,验证了偶极子阵列声波测井在双层套管井固井质量评价中应用的可行性.