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101.
准晶体的构筑原理及微粒分数维结构模型 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:7
准晶体的原子构造中两个原理在起作用,即二十面体原理和黄金中值原理。二十面体原理是指大小相近的原子形成孤立的十二次配位体时,二十面体配位形式在能量上最有利。黄金中值原理是指在准晶体中原子的排列符合黄金中值律。这两个原理适用于由少量原子构成的体系,也适用于某些生物的结构。运用这两个原理于准晶体微粒,我们获得了最简单的准晶体结构模型。此模型可以解释Al-Mn准晶体的高分辨图的所有细节。此模型与Hiraga模型以及Bursill和彭菊琳模型都不相同。在此模型中Al_(12)Mn二十面体不是共棱的。这一模型具有分数维结构的待征,因此称之为准晶体的微粒分数维结构模型。 相似文献
102.
本文提出了自然金-银类质同象系列矿物的晶胞参数与金、银原子数百分比成二次函数关系,推导出了表示二者之间函数关系的方程式。利用该方程式,可以用金原子数百分比计算出晶胞参数,反之亦然。并且从金、银二者的电负性出发,对a值的变化作了解释。 相似文献
103.
104.
红色粉砂质泥岩和泥质粉砂岩是巴东组特殊性岩土的代表,具有遇水易崩解特性。根据岩样单轴压缩试验,基于PFC2D程序,建立中硬岩、软岩单轴压缩试验数值模型;模型选用平行黏结颗粒接触模型。根据应力-应变曲线特征,采用分段定量参数标定法对软岩试样的细观参数进行标定;且通过调整法向和切向黏结强度比值2D program. With the characteristics of stress-strain curve, subsection quantitative parameter calibration method was used to calibrate the microscopic parameters of soft rock samples. The adjustment method and the ratio of tangential bond strength(σc/τc) control specimen under uniaxial compression failure mode. The uniaxial compression test of silty mudstone and argillaceous siltstone with different weathering degree under saturated and natural state was simulated. The distribution and evolution of meso-fabric parameters such as normal contact force, tangential contact force, coordination number and porosity were analyzed. The results show that the numerical method can well simulate the uniaxial compression test process of medium hard rock and soft rock. Except for medium weathered silty mudstone, weathering degree and water immersion condition can only affect the size of the contact force of sample particles in the statistical angle range, but cannot affect the distribution form. At the same time, weathering degree and water immersion condition prolonged the loading time of significantly decreased coordination number, which decreased with the increase of the number of cracks. Flooding condition and weathering degree have great influence on the porosity evolution of argillaceous siltstone. The degree of weathering has a great influence on the porosity evolution of silty mudstone, but the condition of flooding has little influence. 相似文献
105.
Katy A. Boon Peter Rostron Michael H. Ramsey 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2011,35(3):353-367
In the assessment of potentially contaminated land, the number of samples and the uncertainty of the measurements (including that from sampling) are both important factors in the planning and implementation of an investigation. Both parameters also effect the interpretation of the measurements produced, and the process of making decisions based upon those measurements. However, despite their importance, previously there has been no method for assessing if an investigation is fit‐for‐purpose with respect to both of these parameters. The Whole Site Optimised Contaminated Land Investigation (WSOCLI) method has been developed to address this issue, and to allow the optimisation of an investigation with respect to both the number of samples and the measurement uncertainty, using an economic loss function. This function was developed to calculate an ‘expectation of (financial) loss’, incorporating costs of the investigation itself, subsequent land remediation, and potential consequential costs. To allow the evaluation of the WSOCLI method a computer program ‘OCLISIM’ has been developed to produce sample data from simulated contaminated land investigations. One advantage of such an approach is that as the ‘true’ contaminant concentrations are created by the program, these values are known, which is not the case in a real contaminated land investigation. This enables direct comparisons between functions of the ‘true’ concentrations and functions of the simulated measurements. A second advantage of simulation for this purpose is that the WSOCLI method can be tested on many different patterns and intensities of contamination. The WSOCLI method performed particularly well at high sampling densities producing expectations of financial loss that approximated to the true costs, which were also calculated by the program. WSOCLI was shown to produce notable trends in the relationship between the overall cost (i.e., expectation of loss) and both the number of samples and the measurement uncertainty, which are: (a) low measurement uncertainty was optimal when the decision threshold was between the mean background and the mean hot spot concentrations. (b) When the hot spot mean concentration is equal to or near the decision threshold, then mid‐range measurement uncertainties were optimal. (c) When the decision threshold exceeds the mean of the hot spot, mid‐range measurement uncertainties were optimal. The trends indicate that the uncertainty may continue to rise if the difference between hot spot mean and the decision threshold increases further. (d) In any of the above scenarios, the optimal measurement uncertainty was lower if there is a large geochemical variance (i.e., heterogeneity) within the hot spot. (e) The optimal number of samples for each scenario was indicated by the WSOCLI method, and was between 50 and 100 for the scenarios considered generally; although there was significant noise in the predictions, which needs to be addressed in future work to allow such conclusions to be clearer. 相似文献
106.
One dimensional solutions for the classic critical upward seepage gradient/quick condition and the time rate of consolidation problems are obtained using coupled routines for the finite volume method (FVM) and discrete element method (DEM), and the results compared with the analytical solutions. The two phase flow in a system composed of fluid and solid is simulated with the fluid phase modeled by solving the averaged Navier–Stokes equation using the FVM and the solid phase is modeled using the DEM. A framework is described for the coupling of two open source computer codes: YADE-OpenDEM for the discrete element method and OpenFOAM for the computational fluid dynamics. The particle–fluid interaction is quantified using a semi-empirical relationship proposed by Ergun [12]. The two classical verification problems are used to explore issues encountered when using coupled flow DEM codes, namely, the appropriate time step size for both the fluid and mechanical solution processes, the choice of the viscous damping coefficient, and the number of solid particles per finite fluid volume. 相似文献
107.
中国对虾幼体发育阶段维生素A营养需要的研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
1996年5月11日-6月13日中国在水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所麦岛实验基地采集中国对虾幼体,在其配合饵料中添加维生素A,对其发育阶段维生素A的营养需要进行研究。结果表明,配合饵料中维生素A的含量为40.16-6.15μg/g时,对中国对虾幼体的变态,成活和健康有明显的促进作用。 相似文献
108.
109.
本文以赤道东太平洋海温作为主导因子,分析其与东亚温带气旋的关系。得出:高海温多气旋,低海温少气旋的对应关系较为明显。并进一步对不符合这种主要关系的年份从环流型。下垫面海温等作了分类鉴别分析。 相似文献
110.
Freeman链码优先级直线提取算法研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对目前直线提取算法的局限性,提出了一种简单高效的提取图像中目标物体直线边界的算法。本算法基于链码思想和数字直线特征,首先对图像进行边缘检测,对边缘检测后的图像按照优先级进行链码跟踪,获取初始链码;然后通过距离约束提高链码的直线性,剔除噪声和细节;最后进行直线合并,完成直线提取。实验表明,本文提出的算法能高效、准确地检测出图像中物体边界的直线,特别对较大的影像计算量小,抗噪能力强,适用于实时处理。 相似文献