野山河大桥动力特性分析

以野山河大桥简化模型为基础,分析了大跨度钢管混凝土平行拱和提篮拱的动力特性,并讨论了结构主要参数对其动力特性的影响.通过计算和分析得到了一些对工程建设有益的结论.     

阳江核电站水库振冲碎石桩试验研究

通过对碎石桩和桩间土进行多种物理力学特性试验,揭示振冲碎石桩的力学特性和复合地基的加固处理效果,为业主、设计和施工单位提供了可靠的技术资料,对工程的合理设计、顺利施工起到了关键作用。试验结果可供类似地基的碎石桩复合地基设计作参考。     

无线电波坑透探测在大同煤田的应用研究

通过大同煤田大量的坑透探测工作,总结了断层、陷落柱在坑透中的曲线特征,并例举分析了测区坑透资料及采后验证情况。实践证明,坑透探测必须经过大量的验证工作总结经验,才能使此技术在大同煤田得到准确的应用。      

Geochemical evidence of a near-surface history for source rocks of the central Coast Mountains Batholith,British Columbia

Major and trace elemental concentrations as well as Sr and Pb isotopic data, obtained for 41 plutonic samples from the Coast Mountains Batholith ranging in age from ～108 to ～50 Ma, indicate that the source regions for these rocks were relatively uniform and typical of Cordilleran arcs. The studied rocks are mineralogically and chemically metaluminous to weakly peraluminous and are mainly calc-alkaline. Initial whole-rock ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios range from 0.7035 up to 0.7053, whereas lead isotopic data range from 18.586 to 19.078 for ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb, 15.545 to 15.634 for ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb, and 37.115 to 38.661 for ²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb. In contrast to these relatively primitive isotopic data, δ ¹⁸O values for quartz separates determined for 19 of the samples range from 6.8 up to 10.0‰. These δ ¹⁸O values preclude the possibility that these melts were exclusively generated from the Mesozoic mantle wedge of this continental arc, just as the Sr and Pb data preclude significant involvement of an old (Precambrian) crustal/mantle lithospheric source. We interpret the high δ ¹⁸O component to represent materials that had a multi-stage crustal evolution. They were originally mafic rocks derived from a circum-Pacific juvenile mantle wedge that experienced a period of near-surface residence after initial crystallization. During this interval, these primitive rocks interacted with meteoric waters at low temperatures, as indicated by the high δ ¹⁸O values. Subsequently, these materials were buried to lower crustal depths where they remelted to form the high δ ¹⁸O component of the Coast Mountains Batholith. This component makes up at least 40% (mass) of the Cretaceous through Eocene batholith in the studied area. The remainder of the source materials comprising the Coast Mountains Batholith had to be new additions from the mantle wedge. A prolonged period of contractional deformation beginning with the Early Cretaceous collisional accretion of the Insular superterrane is inferred to have been responsible for underthrusting the high δ ¹⁸O component into the lower crust. We suggest that mafic rocks of the Insular superterrane (e.g. Alexander–Wrangellia) are of appropriate composition, and were accreted to and overthrust by what would become the Coast Mountains Batholith just prior to initiation of magmatism in the region.     

Consolidation calculation by stone column and of soft ground reinforced practical application

推导了等应变条件下桩阻作用时的碎石桩复合地基固结方程,并与现场沉降观测数据换算出碎石桩复合地基在路堤施工过程中的固结度对比,二者吻合较好,证明了公式的正确性。沉降观测数据还表明：使用碎石桩处理软土地基能加快地基的固结速率。     

高分辨率FMS成像测井资料在科学大洋钻探中的应用

FMS地层微电阻率扫描成像测井技术诞生于1986年,1989年首次在大洋钻探中获得应用。它采用纽扣电极阵列沿井壁纵向扫描方式采集地层的电阻率信息,经过适当的数字和图像处理后转化为井壁地层的二维微电阻率图像。FMS资料具有分辨率高(理论分辨率为5 mm)、连续原位测量及定向性等特点,是科学大洋钻探中岩芯地质分析方法的重要补充,具有其他地球物理方法难以替代的作用。从岩芯归位和定向、岩性岩相识别及地层剖面重建、沉积构造和古流方向分析、地层旋回性与古气候周期分析、浊积层厚度统计分析、构造和应力场分析及洋壳研究等7个方面对FMS在科学大洋钻探中的应用现状进行综述,对目前FMS成像测井资料应用中存在的问题及发展方向进行分析,包括利用率不高、定量分析成果欠缺、研究深度和广度有待拓展等。     

钢管柱逆作法施工实践

钢管柱逆作法施工时,一方面其水平位移、垂直度等要求非常高,采用普通支撑立柱的施工方法很难达到设计要求;另一方面,在结构设计时,桩身砼与钢管内砼标号不一致,控制好高低标号砼的浇筑质量又是一大难题。通过武汉南国中心一期试桩工程实例,从钢管柱定位、垂直度控制和高低标号砼的浇筑3个方面介绍了逆作法钢管柱施工方法。     

瞬变电磁法在查明断层陷落柱含导水性中的应用--以山西长治李村煤矿首采Ⅰ区为例

煤系地层中断层、陷落柱等构造不仅破坏了煤层的完整性,减少了可采储量,而且影响了煤矿的生产安全,给煤矿开采带来了严重的危害。在煤矿开采初期查明勘探区内断层、陷落柱等构造的空间分布及其含导水性对指导煤矿安全生产具有重要的意义。在充分收集李村煤矿首采Ⅰ区地质、水文及物探资料的基础上,利用瞬变电磁技术对区内断层、陷落柱等构造的含导水性进行勘查,取得了良好的效果,给煤矿的开采设计施工提供了参考依据,并有效的预防了煤矿开采过程中安全事故的发生。     

基于耦合方法的挡土墙地震响应的数值模拟

为有效描述动力灾变过程中挡土墙附近土体的细观特性,并大量减小离散元模拟的颗粒数目,节省计算时间,利用离散-连续耦合动力数值模型,模拟了已有离心机试验中重力式挡土墙的地震响应。靠近挡土墙的土体区域用相互作用的离散颗粒模拟,远离挡土墙的土体采用连续模型模拟,编写结构的动力有限元程序并嵌入离散元软件中来模拟挡土墙。通过离散元软件PFC2D和有限差分软件FLAC2D的交互运算实现耦合过程。耦合方法的核心在于:①在离散-连续土体的交界面保证连续性;②模拟中离散区域土体的宏观性质与连续土体模型一致。为进一步满足以上两点,分别提出了新的边界耦合力提取方法和自振柱模拟方法。研究表明耦合方法可以从细观尺度上有效描述土体与结构的相互作用和关心区域的土体特性。     

土壤pH值对土壤多环芳烃纵向迁移影响的模拟实验研究

影响土壤多环芳烃(PAHs)纵向迁移行为的环境因素很多。文章以氧化钙和冰乙酸改变采自徐州土壤的pH值水平,人工装填土柱进行纵向淋滤试验,研究pH值对土壤PAHs纵向迁移行为的影响。结果表明,土壤pH值的变化加强了PAHs在土柱中的纵向淋滤能力,表层土壤中的PAHs可迅速向底层转移;不同种类的PAHs淋滤特性表现不同,pH值增加更能增强低环PAHs的迁移淋滤能力,pH值降低则更能促进高环PAHs从土壤表层向深部迅速迁移。