带构造柱混凝土多孔砖墙体的抗震性能试验研究

通过4片带构造柱混凝土多孔砖墙片在低周反复荷载作用下的试验研究,分析了该种材料墙体的破坏特征及其强度、滞回曲线、延性等抗震性能.试验结果表明:墙片两端设置构造柱后,即能较大幅度提高极限荷载,又能改善其变形,延性等性能.另外分析了墙片的高宽比、轴向压力、构造柱等对抗剪承载力的影响,对<抗震结构设计规范>(GB5001-2001)中抗剪承载力计算公式提出补充建议,得出这类墙体的抗剪承载力计算公式.     

汶川地震框架柱震害的初步分析

按照框架结构抗震概念设计的要求,结构应具有多道抗震防线,其中一个原则是“强柱弱梁”。但是在汶川地震中,框架结构柱的破坏明显重于梁,柱端与节点的破坏较为突出,即所谓的“强梁弱柱”结构很普遍。在对地震破坏区实地考察的基础上,对框架结构梁柱节点处的破坏以及柱顶、柱脚和柱身的震害进行分类,分析了各种震害的原因,总结了框架结构中框架柱的破坏特点,从期为将来框架柱的抗震设计提供震害经验。     

垃圾土一维压缩修正公式及有机物降解验证试验研究

针对垃圾填埋场沉降计算问题,考虑垃圾土中有机物降解及对降解过程中重度变化,在张振营压缩量计算方法的基础上推导了垃圾土一维压缩计算的修正公式;通过垃圾土有机物降解试验和计算分析,研究了有机物的降解规律;以相同配比的垃圾土进行了垃圾土柱的沉降和计算参数试验,对推导的垃圾土一维压缩计算修正公式进行了验证。研究表明,修正的计算公式能考虑更多的影响因素,有机物的降解规律可以用Richards生物生长规律来模拟,修正的计算公式能够合理地计算出垃圾土沉降的过程。     

Collapse simulation of a four‐story steel moment frame by a distributed online hybrid test

The collapse of a one‐bay, four‐story steel moment frame is simulated in this study by the proposed peer‐to‐peer (P2P) Internet online hybrid test system. The typical beam hinging mechanism, which is ensured by a strong‐column, weak‐beam design, is reproduced. The plastic hinges at the column bases are taken as the experimental portions, while the superstructure is analyzed numerically by a general‐purpose finite element program. The implicit plastic rotations of the two column bases are treated as boundary displacements. In order to account for the complex behavior of the column bases, the P2P system is modified to use the secant stiffness during iterations, and the physical specimens are designed such that the plastic hinge behavior can be obtained. For this study, the three substructures are distributed to different locations. A large ground motion is repeatedly imposed until the column bases lose their capacity to sustain the gravity load. As a result, significant deterioration is observed at both column bases. The proposed P2P system is thus demonstrated to be able to accommodate multiple‐tested substructures involving unstable behavior. The results suggest that the P2P Internet online hybrid test system provides a reliable means of studying structures up to collapse. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于双偏振雷达资料的一次强降水超级单体风暴特征分析

基于山东济宁S波段双偏振多普勒天气雷达探测数据,结合探空和地面实况资料,对2021年6月14日发生在山东单县一带的强降水超级单体双偏振参量特征和微物理特征进行了分析。结果表明：环境整层湿度较大,CAPE较强,0℃层高度较高,利于强降水产生,0～6 km具有中等强度垂直风切变,利于超级单体风暴产生与维持。单县超级单体风暴旺盛阶段强度在60～65 dBZ,强中心高度基本位于0℃层高度之下,质心偏低。K_DP柱的高度与宽度明显大于Z_DR柱,强盛宽阔的上升气流将一定浓度、小的液态粒子带至较高高度并持续较长时间。风暴低层左侧一直存在K_DP大值区,同时也存在3°/km以上的K_DP高值区,液态粒子浓度较高,最大分钟降水量维持在3 mm以上。风暴低层右侧有明显的入流缺口,有明显的Z_DR弧,表现为偏大的液态粒子。环境0℃层高度以上较厚的厚度内含有丰富的液态粒子和冰相粒子,丰富的冰相粒子下降到0℃层高度之下出现明显融化,在低层强切变的“筛选”作用下,风暴右侧入流与下沉气流结合区以大的液态粒子为主,浓...     

Stiffened steel box columns. Part 1: Cyclic behaviour

This paper aims to study the cyclic inelastic behaviour of stiffened steel box columns failed by local and overall interaction instability under a constant compressive axial force and cyclic lateral loading. Such columns find broad application in steel bridge piers. The columns are of box sections with longitudinal stiffeners. In the analysis, a modified two‐surface plasticity model developed at Nagoya University is employed to model material non‐linearity. For comparison, analyses using classical isotropic‐ and kinematic‐hardening models are also carried out. Hysteretic curves and buckling modes obtained from analysis using the two‐surface model and classical models are compared with experimental results. Moreover, the progression of deformation from occurrence of local buckling to structural failure is discussed in detail. The comparisons show that the use of an accurate plasticity model is quite important in the prediction of both the cyclic inelastic behaviour and failure characteristic of steel box columns failed by coupled local and overall instability. It is found that the modified two‐surface model is a satisfactory model in predicting the cyclic hysteretic behaviour of both the thin‐ and thick‐walled steel box columns. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

俄罗斯阿尔丹地块西部穆龙斯克杂岩体中的碱性交代岩

含紫硅碱钙石、镁钠钙闪石（钠透闪石－石棉）及蓝色软透闪石的碱性交代岩的形成首先是由硅酸和碱（Ｎａ２Ｏ和Ｋ２Ｏ的不同作用）的隋性及ＦｅＯ,ＭｇＯ,ＣａＯ和Ａｌ２Ｏ３的强烈活性决定的。含蓝色软透闪石和镁钠钙闪石（钠透闪石－石棉）的交代岩是岩浆期后溶解演化的中期产物,而含紫硅碱钙石的交代岩却是其晚期的产物。     

海上风电半潜式基础初步选型Pareto-Optimal评价

针对半潜漂浮式风电基础初步选型,采用Pareto-Optimal评价方法对不同吃水、平台立柱直径、立柱间距和垂荡板直径四个参数的不同组合进行分析比较。基于浮体动力学频域计算方法,采用我国阳江某海域极限波浪条件计算得到叶轮中心水平加速度,同时考虑完整稳性的计算结果。对比分析表明平台吃水和立柱直径宜选择适中的取值,较大的排水量和立柱总体积并不会显著减小叶轮中心水平加速度。垂荡板对于改善平台整体性能是较为敏感的,垂荡板与立柱的直径比存在一定的最佳范围。平台立柱间距是影响平台运动性能最大的因素,增大立柱间距可以有效地降低叶轮中心水平加速度,但立柱间距的增大对立柱间的撑杆结构强度以及平台整体的建造和下水提出了较大的挑战。     

四种全球大洋水汽数据产品的比较分析

文章比较了卫星专用传感器微波成像仪/探测仪(SSM/I&SSMIS)、遥感系统数据集(RSS V7R01)、欧洲中期天气预报中心第5代再分析数据(ERA5)和现代回顾分析的研究与应用第2版数据(MERRA-2) 4种观测和再分析资料在刻画全球大洋水汽气候态中的异同点, 初步探究了不同尺度的大气柱水汽总量(TCWV)的变化特征和长期趋势。研究结果表明, 4种数据TCWV的空间分布、季节和年际变化较为一致。从1988至2018年, TCWV总体呈增加趋势, 其中热带海洋的年际变化显著, 增加趋势较强, 且和厄尔尼诺-南方涛动(ENSO)高度相关。利用再分析数据做短时间(如1991—1997年)的TCWV趋势分析时要慎重使用ERA5和MERRA-2的数据。在研究热带区域长期水汽变化趋势时, 需谨慎使用MERRA-2的数据。