近断层区的输入能量设计谱及其在基于能量抗震设计中的应用

研究并确定输入能量设计谱是建立基于性能抗震设计和评估能量方法的必要基础。选取断层15km投影距离内的224条强震记录讨论场地类型和断层距等因素的影响,建议了近场地震的输入能量设计谱(EIDS),在与实际记录及日本等国已有抗震规范比较后表明,所建议的设计能量谱能较好地反映近断层区潜在能量需求,在此基础上形成了基于能量的桥梁结构抗震评估设计方法,并用3座实际RC桥墩进行算例验证证明了所建议方法的可行性,表明基于既有抗震规范设计的桥梁结构仍有必要进行考虑近断层效应的耗能能力验算。     

水平地震作用方向对异形柱结构整体分析的影响

钢筋混凝土异形柱由于截面几何性质的特殊性,在进行该类结构的抗震计算时,地震作用方向是一个不可忽视的因素,通过对异形柱截面和异形柱结构的计算结果分析,说明了无论是在异形柱框架结构中,还是一般结构中部分采用了异形柱,都应根据具体情况考虑地震作用方向的不利影响。     

异形柱框架节点抗震性能试验研究

通过6个2/3比例的T形柱框架节点的低周反复试验,考察了轴压比、柱翼缘宽度等因素对节点裂缝开展、节点的破坏机理的影响。提出了翼缘宽度对节点抗剪性能的影响与梁柱抗弯刚度比有关,指出了翼缘板对节点抗剪承载力影响的修正系数ξf须考虑梁柱抗弯刚度比的影响,而不能仅按《混凝土异形柱结构技术规程》(征求意见稿)中的bf-bc来反映。     

Plinian式火山喷发柱最大高度定量计算模式探讨

Ｐｌｉｎｉａｎ式火山喷发柱最大高度是研究火山喷发对环境、气候影响时空范围的重要物理学参数,在分析了影响Ｐｌｉｎｉａｎ式火山喷发柱最大高度诸因素的基础上认为,火山喷发的质量通量是反映火山喷发柱最大高度最有效并且在实际中可以进行测量的参数之一,以此为基础,利用目前实测的火山喷发柱最大高度的数值与火山喷发质量通量的结果,建立两者的相关方程为：Ｈ＝０．２×Ｍ０．２８。     

潘—矿13-1煤层防水煤柱留设影响因素分析及重新留设意义

通过对矿井构造地质条件、水文地质条件、覆岩结构类型、基岩风化带特征的分析,对１３－１煤层原８０ｍ防水煤柱进行了重新留设,并给出了不同情况下防水煤柱的计算公式,且满足生产实际需要,这对进一步回收煤炭资源、提高经济效益有重要意义。     

两种桩体材料复合地基性状的对比研究

通过生石灰搅拌桩和CFG桩的室内力学试验和复合地基现场载荷试验，结合数值分析结果，对这两种桩材的复合地基性状进行了分析研究，并对复合地基的设计计算提出一些新的观点。     

土壤包气带中气体对入渗水流运动影响的实验研究

利用专门的实验系统,研究了降雨入渗过程中土壤包气中气压势形成、发展和消亡的规律及其对下渗水流运动的影响。结合成因分析,探讨了气压势形成的条件;审视和解释了气压势与土壤水总势能和地下水位的相互关系。实验结果表明,在地下水位埋深较浅的条件下(<2m),积水入渗时所形成的气压势将使下渗量减少1/3。     

固相萃取-气相色谱法测定水中多环芳烃

以国家标准分析方法和美国环保局分析方法为基础,采用固相萃取-气相色谱法测定水中多环芳烃。探讨了各条件对测定的影响,确定选用HP 5毛细管柱,手动进样,程序升温。方法的检出限在4～10ng/L,适用于优先监控的16种多环芳烃的同时分析。对煤矿矿坑排水以及污灌区的地下水样中的16种多环芳烃进行测定,并与高效液相色谱法的测定值进行对比,结果基本符合国家标准(相对误差<30.0%)的要求。     

Shear modulus and damping ratio of grouted sand

An experimental comparative study of three different grouted sands in terms of their effects on the values of two dynamic properties is presented. The dynamic properties studied are the shear modulus and the damping ratio which are determined with resonant column tests and cyclic triaxial tests. The behaviour of a pure Fontainebleau sand is compared with the behaviour of a Fontainebleau sand grouted with a silicate grout, a micro-fine cement grout and a mineral grout. The effects of the grouting treatment, the type of grout, the confining pressure, and the strains, on the shear modulus and the damping ratio are studied. The test results have shown that grouting improves the stiffness of the sand especially for small strains. Whatever the type of material, confining stress improves the shear modulus whereas it has a negligible effect on the damping ratio. When strain increases, the shear modulus decreases and the damping ratio increases.     

Multiple‐tuned liquid column dampers for torsional vibration control of structures: theoretical investigation

This paper presents a theoretical investigation on the performance of multiple‐tuned liquid column dampers (MTLCD) for reducing torsional vibration of structures in comparison with single‐tuned liquid column dampers (STLCD). The analytical model is first developed for torsional vibration of a structure with an MTLCD under either harmonic excitation or white noise excitation. The experimental results are then used to verify the analytical model for coupled MTLCD‐structure systems under harmonic excitation. The performance of an MTLCD and its beneficial parameters for achieving the maximum torsional response reduction to white noise excitation are finally investigated through an extensive parametric study in terms of the distance from the centre line of the MTLCD to the rotational axis of the structure, the ratio of the horizontal length to the total length of liquid column, frequency bandwidth, head‐loss coefficient, the number of TLCD units in an MTLCD, frequency‐turning ratio and the spectral level of excitation moment. The results show that there is an optimal head‐loss coefficient and an optimal frequency bandwidth for an MTLCD to achieve the maximum torsional response reduction. It is also demonstrated that the sensitivity of an optimized MTLCD to the frequency‐tuning ratio is less than that of an optimized STLCD, and it can be further improved by increasing the bandwidth but at the cost of less torsional vibration reduction. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.