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基于遥感影像的西安世园会园区地理变化监测研究

基于2006年4月～2011年4月的多级、多源、多时相遥感影像,利用摄影测量、图像处理、影像解译、信息分类等相关技术,对西安世界园艺博览会园区不同时期的土地利用、地理变化、园区建设进度变化进行监测解译和对比分析。研究结果表明:西安世界园艺博览会侧重植被与湖泊的建设,地理环境优化得到明显的改善。截至2009年4月,世园会的主体结构已布局好;2011年3月,园区内的道路、附属设施、湖泊、建筑物等已基本建成;2011年3月～4月,主要为展示植物等移入时间。     

Experimental study on the viscoelastic behaviors of debris flow slurry

The rheological properties of most liquid in nature are between liquids and solids,including both elastic changes and viscosity changes,that is socalled "viscoelastic".Dynamic oscillatory test was used to quantitatively study the distinct viscoelastic behaviors of debris flow slurry in the shear stress conditions for the first time in this study.The debris flow slurry samples were from Jiangjiagou Ravine,Yunnan Province,China.The experimental results were found that at the low and middle stages of shearing,when the angular velocity ω<72.46 s-1,the loss modulus(G") was greater than the storage modulus(G’),i.e.G">G’.At the late stage of shearing,when the angular velocity ω≧72.46 s-1,the storage modulus was greater than or equal to the loss modulus,i.e.G’≧G",tanδ≦1(where phase-shift angleδ=G"/G’),and the debris flow slurry was in a gel state.Therefore,the progress of this experimental study further reveals the mechanism of hyperconcentrated debris flows with a high velocity on low-gradient ravines.     

鲁西地区“泰山红宝石”的发现及其地质特征

在山东新泰市新太古代泰山岩群变质岩系中,首次发现宝石级红刚玉,又称红宝石,商业名称暂定为"泰山红宝石"。红宝石产于鲁西地区新太古代二长花岗岩的壳源岩石包体之中,包体岩性以黑云更长变粒岩、黑云片岩、角闪石岩、斜长角闪岩、浅绿色含铬二云片岩为主,是新太古代古老地壳的深融残留;红刚玉与浅绿色含铬二云片岩关系密切,推测是新太古代变质岩中原岩残留斑晶矿物。     

泰安市旅游生态能值分析

运用能值理论, 从区域生态经济系统的视角, 提出旅游生态能值理论, 论述旅游输入能值、旅游输出能值、旅游能值交换率、旅游可持续发展指标等概念、测算依据和计算方法, 并对2010 年泰安区域生态经济系统内旅游可持续发展水平进行旅游生态能值分析。实证研究表明:(1) 泰安区域生态经济系统可利用能值为15867.32×10¹⁹ sej, 旅游输入能值为1766.59×10¹⁹ sej, 旅游输出能值为679.40×10¹⁹ sej, 旅游能值交换率为2.60。旅游可持续发展能值指标TSEI为1.76, 处在可持续发展阶段;(2) 运用旅游生态能值的理论评价旅游可持续发展水平是可行的。     

Earth’s precession–nutation motion: the error analysis of the theories IAU 2000 and IAU 2006 applying the VLBI data of the years 1984–2006

The long-term systematic errors of the analytical theories IAU 2000 and IAU 2006 of the Earth’s precession–nutational motion are studied making use of the VLBI data of 1984–2007. Several independent methods give indubitable evidence of the significant quadratic error in the IAU 2000 residuals of the precessional angle while the adopted value of the secular decrease /cy of the Earth’s ellipticity e (derived from Satellite Laser Ranging data) should manifest itself in the residuals of as the negative quadratic trend . The problem with the precession of the IAU 2006 theory adopted as a new international standard and based on the precession model P03 (Capitaine et al., Astron Astrophys 432:355–367, 2005) appears to be even more serious because the above mentioned quadratic term has already been incorporated into the P03 precession. Our analysis of the VLBI data demonstrates that the quadratic trend of the IAU 2006 residuals does amount to the expected value (30.0 ± 3) mas/cy². It means, first, that the theoretical precession rate of IAU 2006 should be augmented by the large secular correction and, second, that the available VLBI data have potentiality of estimating the rate . And indeed, processing these data by the numerical theory ERA of the Earth’s rotation (Krasinsky, Celest Mech Dyn Astron 96:169–217, 2006, Krasinsky and Vasilyev, Celest Mech Dyn Astron 96:219–237, 2006) yields the estimate /cy statistically in accordance with the satellite-based . On the other hand, applying IAU 2000/2006 models, the positive value /cy is found which is incompatible with the SLR estimate and, evidently, has no physical meaning. The large and steadily increasing error of the precession motion of the IAU 2006 theory makes the task of replacing IAU 2006 by a more accurate model be most pressing.     

非黏性土泊松比试验研究

土体泊松比是反映土体侧向变形的重要参数,但是目前的研究应用与模型参数的重要性不相符.通过基于局部变形测量的三轴试验,分析了泊松比的变化规律:在相同的成样方法和控制密度条件下,同一种材料的颗粒排列组合结构基本类似,在不同围压条件下的试样变形规律基本保持一致;随主应力比的增加,切线泊松比也随之增加,建立泊松比与主应力比之间的关系更符合泊松比取值规律.     

西安市停车资源现状与空间分布研究

针对目前各大中城市私有汽车数量不断上升、城市停车资源趋于饱和甚至过载的现状,以西安市三环内停车资源为例,分析了其空间布局、配套设施以及建设投资主体等方面的资源分布发展现状,并制作了相关专题地图,为城市停车资源修建与管理提供参考.结果 表明,西安市停车资源整体呈聚集分布,在经济发展较好的区域聚集特征明显;由政府部门投资兴...