Culture observation and molecular phylogenetic analysis on the blooming green alga Chaetomorpha valida (Cladophorales, Chlorophyta) from China

The marine green alga Chaetomorpha valida fouls aquaculture ponds along the coastal cities of Dalian and Rongcheng, China. Unialgal cultures were observed under a microscope to determine the developmental morphological characters of C. valida. Results reveal that gametophytic filaments often produce lateral branches under laboratory culture conditions, suggesting an atypical heteromorphic life cycle of C. valida between unbranched sporophytes and branched gametophytes, which differs from typical isomorphic alternation of Chaetomorpha species. The shape of the basal attachment cell, an important taxonomic character within the genus, was found variable depending on environmental conditions. The 18S rDNA and 28S rDNA regions were used to explore the phylogenetic affinity of the taxa. Inferred trees from 18S rDNA sequences revealed a close relationship between C. valida and Chaetomorpha moniligera. These results would enrich information in general biology and morphological plasticity of C. valida and provided a basis for future identification of green tide forming algae.     

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Successful sidetracking of a well onshore Germany by integration of 3D vertical seismic profiling technology – a case study

The exploration for and exploitation of deep Lower Rotliegend gasfields onshore in North Germany often suffers from poor surface seismic imaging. This is owing to the depth of the reservoirs and a thick and complex Zechstein salt overburden. RWE Dea conducted a 3D vertical seismic profile (VSP) survey in a low‐performing production well after the borehole was plugged near total depth. Our main objective was to improve the seismic image of the reservoir zone in the vicinity of the well to determine a new landing point for a planned sidetrack. Because acquisition was in a densely populated and also partially environmentally protected area, there were surface restrictions concerning source deployment. Additionally, due to the complex geological setting, we conducted two 2D VSP field tests and thorough pre‐survey modelling to achieve the best results in terms of seismic imaging, environmental impact and reasonable cost. Deformation bands in the drill core suggest that the initial well was drilled close to a major fault, which was regarded as the main reason for the disappointing production rate. Therefore, we put special emphasis on fault detection in our processing and interpretation. Our interpretation approach used an enhanced structural mapping workflow that helped to design a sidetrack. When the sidetrack was drilled two years later, it ended up being one of the most productive wells in the field.     

A methodology to estimate the maximum offset and reflection imaging radius for a 2D/3D vertical seismic profiling survey

We have developed a straightforward and ray based methodology to estimate both the maximum offset and reflection imaging radius for multi‐layered velocity models, which can be used for a 2D/3D VSP survey design. Through numerical examples, we demonstrate that the presence of a high‐velocity layer above a target zone significantly reduces the maximum offset and reflection imaging radius. Our numerical examples also show that including in a migration VSP data acquired beyond a recommended maximum offset, radically degrades the quality of the final VSP image. In addition, unlike the conventional straight‐line based approximation that often produces an incorrect large reflection imaging radius, our methodology predicts the VSP imaging radius with more accuracy than does the conventional approximation.     

垂直应变的研究意义及模型分析

近20多年来国内垂直应变领域一直无人涉及.垂直应变量的获取可将应变固体潮从平面应变观测提升到三维空间应变观测.本文说明了垂直应变观测的必要性,建立了垂直应变观测系统的原始模型,并提出了研制的难点和理论上的解决方法.     

玉门、民乐等地震前跨断层形变异常及与定点前兆观测的相互印证

2002年甘肃玉门5.9级、2003年民乐6.1、5.8级及岷县5.2级地震前震区周围十几至二、三百公里范围内观测到一定数量、明显的跨断层短水准形变异常,其异常形态以加速、突跳或尖点突跳为主,具中期背景或短期前兆意义,反映震前断裂出现先逆断增强后松弛的变化过程,在转折松弛时段易发生地震.其异常空间分布、出现时间等与定点前兆异常具有较好的相互印证意义.     

利用漳州深井4分量钻孔应变求测区应变场

利用漳州深井形变综合观测中的4分量钻孔应变观测数据,计算了测区的主应变大小和方向。计算得到的上下两个端面的主应变方位角都在170°附近变化,近东西向性质明显。与利用多个地震求解综合节面解推断出的构造应力场一致。     

通用地震数据采集器EDAS-24GN中CPU数据收发方式

通用地震数据采集器EDAS-24GN引入一种新型的数据传输方式,通过AT91SAM9263CPU板带有的同步串行控制器进行数据传输,可以有效解决前一种方式存在的问题.经过实验验证,新型的数据传输方式在每秒传输50 kB数据时,引起的中断次数只有十几次,有效提高了CPU处理效率,且不存在数据丢失现象.     

扩频微波网桥在新疆测震网络中的应用

以频率为2.4 GHz和5.8 GHz设备为例,对扩频微波网桥在新疆测震网络中的应用范围进行阐述;根据实际工作中无线网桥的安装架设经验,对在不同条件、不同环境下可能出现的问题提出相应解决方案.