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51.
Yang Zhengji Zuo Qihua
Senior Engineer River Harbour Department Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute Nanjing Engineer River Harbour Department Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute Nanjing 《中国海洋工程》1991,(2)
The wave forces on 1, 2 and 4 vertical circular piles under the action of several wave trains of the same wave parameters, such as Hs,Tp and Mo, but different wave group factor GF are measured in the laboratory. After comparing these forces, it may be concluded that the mean and significant wave forces are almost of no difference for the wave trains with different GF. When GF is larger, the one-tenth of the wave froce extreme is slightly increased and the maximum wave force is much larger than the ones with smaller GF, to which attention must be paid in engineering practice. 相似文献
52.
53.
对煤炭资源勘查资源量与客观物质量之间差值的误差理论探讨,提出误差由真值误差、系统误差和离差3个基本部分组成,其中真值误差是不可消除的观测误差、系统误差是控制网度所决定的准确度标准、而离差是由地质构造及矿床形态的多解性产生的资源量波动。在此基础上,构筑了一个关于误差的数学模型,最后应用误差理论对现行勘查工作中常见的错误进行分析,并就如何避免错误及减少误差提出了见解。 相似文献
54.
潜水蒸发系数综合分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
利用河北省冉庄水资源实验站、安徽省五道沟水文水资源实验站、山西省太谷均衡实验站实测的潜水蒸发资料,对潜水蒸发及潜水蒸发系数的变化规律进行了综合分析。提出了不同岩性、不同潜水埋深在有无作物生长条件下的潜水蒸发系数。为华北地区水资源平衡计算潜水蒸发系数的选定提供了参考数据。 相似文献
55.
逯向阳 《沉积与特提斯地质》2008,28(4):14-17
烃源岩有机质丰度的恢复具有重要的现实和理论意义。笔者在对比多种方法的基础上,对大民屯凹陷的烃源岩的有机质丰度进行了恢复。 相似文献
56.
An in situ method of estimating the effective diffusion coefficient for a chemical constituent that diffuses into the primary porosity of a rock is developed by abruptly changing the concentration of the dissolved constituent in a borehole in contact with the rock matrix and monitoring the time-varying concentration. The experiment was conducted in a borehole completed in mudstone on the campus of the University of the Free State in Bloemfontein, South Africa. Numerous tracer tests were conducted at this site, which left a residual concentration of sodium chloride in boreholes that diffused into the rock matrix over a period of years. Fresh water was introduced into a borehole in contact with the mudstone, and the time-varying increase of chloride was observed by monitoring the electrical conductivity (EC) at various depths in the borehole. Estimates of the effective diffusion coefficient were obtained by interpreting measurements of EC over 34 d. The effective diffusion coefficient at a depth of 36 m was approximately 7.8×10?6 m2/d, but was sensitive to the assumed matrix porosity. The formation factor and mass flux for the mudstone were also estimated from the experiment. 相似文献
57.
Cheng-Shin Jang Chen-Wuing Liu Yeeping Chia Li-Hsin Cheng You-Ching Chen 《Hydrogeology Journal》2008,16(2):389-397
Changes in hydrogeological properties of the River Choushui alluvial fan aquifer before and after the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake, Taiwan, have been identified using pumping tests. Three wells, SH2, YL2 and SC2, located in a compressional zone with high coseismic groundwater levels, were tested. The threshold of the aquifer deformation with respect to transmissivity (T) is greater than that with respect to storage coefficient (S). Decreases in the post-earthquake S are approximately 60% at SH2 and SC2, indicating aquifer compression after the Chi-Chi earthquake. Changes in the post-earthquake T range from 61% increase to 0.8% decrease. Moreover, results from anisotropy analysis of T at SC2 further illustrate that normal stresses induced by the Chi-Chi earthquake have consolidated soil particles. Soil particles dilated laterally after the earthquake, resulting in an increase of the equivalent T. The changes in hydrogeological properties have a considerable influence on spatiotemporal fluid pressure and horizontal groundwater movement, resulting in different amounts of drawdown during post-earthquake pumping. 相似文献
58.
A. Bongartz S. Schweighoefer C. Roose U. Schurath 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》1995,20(1):35-58
The mass accommodation coefficient of ammonia gas on water has been determined by measuring the absorption rate of 50–200 ppm NH3 in one atm of air or helium into a liquid jet of 97 µm diameter as function of the exposed jet length, and comparing the results with numerical simulations which treat as the only free parameter. The model considers in detail transport of NH3 by molecular diffusion, penetration of the gas/water interface, hydrolysis in the acidified water, and transport of the solutes from the surface into the jet. A correction is applied for the time evolution of the jet surface speed, using literature data on the fluid mechanics of liquid jets. The result of nine sets of independent measurements is
相似文献
59.
W. Kirchner F. Welter A. Bongartz J. Kames S. Schweighoefer U. Schurath 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》1990,10(4):427-449
A liquid jet of 90 m diameter and variable length has been utilized to determine absorption rates and, hence, mass accommodation coefficients , of atmospheric trace gases. The compounds investigated are HCl (0.01), HNO3 (0.01), N2O5 (0.005), peroxyacetyl nitrate (>0.001), and HONO (0.005). It is concluded that the absorption of these trace gases by liquid atmospheric water is not significantly retarded by interfacial mass transport. The strengths and limitations of the liquid jet technique for measuring mass accommodation coefficients are explored. 相似文献
60.
Neal T. Skipper Peter A. Lock James O. Titiloye Jan Swenson Zakaria A. Mirza W. Spencer Howells Felix Fernandez-Alonso 《Chemical Geology》2006,230(3-4):182-196
The interlayer pores of swelling 2:1 clays provide an ideal 2-dimensional environment in which to study confined fluids. In this paper we discuss our understanding of the structure and dynamics of interlayer fluid species in expanded clays, based primarily on the outcome of recent molecular modelling and neutron scattering studies. Counterion solvation is compared with that measured in bulk solutions, and at a local level the cation-oxygen coordination is found to be remarkably similar in these two environments. However, for the monovalent ions the contribution to the first coordination shell from the clay surfaces increases with counterion radius. This gives rise to inner-sphere (surface) complexes in the case of potassium and caesium. In this context, the location of the negative clay surface charge (i.e. arising from octahedral or tetrahedral substitution) is also found to be of major importance. Divalent cations, such as calcium, eagerly solvate to form outer-sphere complexes. These complexes are able to pin adjacent clay layers together, and thereby prevent colloidal swelling. Confined water molecules form hydrogen bonds to each other and to the clays' surfaces. In this way their local environment relaxes to close to the bulk water structure within two molecular layers of the clay surface. Finally, we discuss the way in which the simple organic molecules methane, methanol and ethylene glycol behave in the interlayer region of hydrated clays. Quasi-elastic neutron scattering of isotopically labelled interlayer CH3OD and (CH2OD)2 in deuterated clay allows us to measure the diffusion of the CH3- and CH2-groups in both clay and liquid environments. We find that in both the one-layer methanol solvates and the two-layer glycol solvates the diffusion of the most mobile organic molecules is close to that in the bulk solution. 相似文献
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