(鱼免)状黄姑鱼的肌肉成分分析

测定了以野生苗和人工苗养殖的两组克状黄姑鱼Nibeamiichthioidses肌肉的生化成分、能值、氨基酸组分及8种金属元素的含量。结果表明,状黄姑鱼肌肉中蛋白质含量较高（＞19％）而脂类则较低（＜2．8％）,富含各种氨基酸和人体所必须的多种金属元素。结果还表明,野生苗和人工苗养成的克状黄姑鱼,在肌肉生化成分、氨基酸及金属元素含量等方面无明显差异。     

缢蛏(Sinonovacula constricta)生化遗传特征分析

于 2 0 0 1年 4月 ,在浙江近海采集 1 0 0个缢蛏样品 ,采用聚丙烯酰胺垂直板不连续电泳方法 ,对缢蛏足、水管、消化腺、外套膜、鳃等 5种组织或器官进行了EST、ADH、MDH、IDH、ME、G6PDH、LDH、ALP、GDH、CAT、ALP、ACP、SOD、SDH、ATP、SUDH、GCDH、AMY、GAD、POD等 2 0种同工酶的电泳研究 ,并对各种酶的同工酶位点及酶谱表型进行了分析。结果表明 ,所测组织中未检出CAT、ALP、GCDH、GAD ;AMY和ACP只在消化腺中有表达 ;SUDH只在水管、鳃、消化腺中表达 ;所检测的酶均不同程度地表现出了组织差异。     

热应激对肉鸡血液生化指标及内分泌机能的影响

通过检测生产性能及血液生化指标和内分泌指标,研究了热应激对肉鸡的影响。结果表明：肉鸡体重、平均日增重、饲料转化率及血清总蛋白、白蛋白、钙、磷、甲状腺激素（Ｔ３、Ｔ４）含量显著下降（Ｐ＜０．０５或Ｐ＜０．０１）,血清钾则仅在３０日龄显著下降,但血清尿素氰、氯、皮质醇含量及血清乳酸脱氢酶、肌酸磷酸激酶活性显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０５或Ｐ＜０．０１）,热应激对血清钠和葡萄糖含量影响不大。     

二倍体和三倍体太平洋牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas)肉重和生化成分的周年变化

太平洋牡蛎二倍体和三倍体软体肉重和生化成分含量的周年变化表明,牡蛎 软体肉重和３种生化成分含量的变化与牡励繁殖季节密切相关。三倍体周年软体肉重,糖元和脂类含量均比二倍体高,水分含量比二倍体低,三倍体蛋白质含量在１－７月份比二倍体低,８－１２月份二倍体高。     

黄鳍鲷肌肉生化成分分析和营养品质评价

测定了 6尾黄鳍鲷肌肉的生化成分 ,并对其营养价值进行评定。结果表明 ,该鱼肌中各成分的质量分数为粗蛋白 2 1.10 % ,粗脂肪 1.31% ,粗灰分 1.5 0 % ,水分 74 .4 0 %。干物质中水解氨基酸总量w 76 .38% ,其中必需氨基酸w 32 .4 6 % ,占氨基酸总量的 4 2 .5 % ;呈味氨基酸w 32 .5 1% ,占氨基酸总量的 4 2 5 6 %。蛋氨酸为第一限制氨基酸 ,赖氨酸含量 (每克氮中 )最高 ,达 4 94mg·g-1。牛磺酸含量为 30 4 0mg kg。认为黄鳍鲷是一种高蛋白、低脂肪的美味优良食物 ,应注意种质资源的保护。     

饥饿胁迫条件下黑鮸（Miichthys miiuy）仔鱼的生长与存活过程研究

采用实验生态学方法研究了延迟投饵对黑鮸仔鱼摄食、存活生长及体成分组成的影响。结果表明,在24℃,仔鱼在3日龄时开口摄食,4日龄时卵黄囊吸收完毕,6日龄仔鱼如不能建立外源性营养即进入饥饿死亡不可逆点（PNR）,而延迟投饵3天（6日龄）以上的仔鱼在8日龄前全部死亡。正常投喂仔鱼（16％）和延迟投饵1天仔鱼（15％）的存活率明显高于延迟2天投饵仔鱼（9％）。它们的高死亡（日死亡率为5％-6.5％）集中发生在3-8日龄期间,但低于3-7日龄内延迟投饵3天和完全饥饿仔鱼（日死亡率为18.5％）。在7日龄时,正常投喂仔鱼（9.9％）的特殊生长率（SGR）明显高于延迟投饵仔鱼（4.6％-8.4％）。在36日龄时,正常投喂仔鱼与延迟投饵1天仔鱼之间的生长差异消失,与延迟投饵2天的仔鱼之间的生长差异显著。延迟投饵引起开口摄食阶段仔鱼体内脂肪和蛋白质含量明显减少,但延迟投饵1-2天的存活仔鱼在后期发育过程中可以达到正常投饵仔鱼的营养水平。因此,不论在养殖条件下还是在自然水域,黑鮸仔鱼必须在开口后2天之内建立起主动摄食能力才可能保证其仔鱼的正常发育、生长和存活。     

Assessment of recent sediment influence in an urban polluted subantarctic coastal ecosystem. Beagle Channel (Southern Argentina)

In this study, baseline information about the environmental status of Ushuaia (UB) and Golondrina (GB) bays is presented. Surface and bottom seawater and freshwater discharged from land were evaluated. Multivariate analysis identified different water quality zones within the bays, two of them located next to the north and northwest coastlines of UB, where the majority of human activities are developed. Porosity, total organic matter, biochemical components, ammonium, and phytopigments were determined in sediment samples from each quality zone. Benthic fluxes of nutrients and dissolved oxygen were assessed in situ using opaque chambers. In northwest zone of UB, carbon equivalents of proteins and carbohydrates in surficial sediments were the same order as in hypertrophic ecosystems, whereas ammonium and phosphate released from sediment greatly exceeded the allochthonous sources. Management of municipal wastewater is required to remediate this chronic pollution.     

Relationship of Sediment-Biochemistry,Bacterial Morphology,and Activity to Geotechnical Properties in the Central Indian Basin

Distribution of biochemical properties, morphological and functional characteristics of bacteria in the extreme sedimentary environment of the Central Indian Basin (CIB) was examined in relation to geotechnical properties and sediment texture. Interrelationships between these parameters in siliceous northern sediments were compared to southern pelagic clay to understand relationships and to appreciate mining implications. Clay impacted lipids negatively and silt positively in the south. Geotechnical properties had the opposite influence on the distribution of coccoidal and rod forms of bacteria. Rods were affected negatively by water content/porosity and positively by wet bulk density in the north suggesting their preference for deeper niches. Shear strength affected coccoidal distribution negatively in the south. Competition for labile substrates by coccoidal forms in the surface layers could also have restricted the rods to the deeper regions. Principal component analysis (PCA) further strengthened our inference that the distribution of rod forms increased with depth. Enzymatic properties of bacterial isolates also showed that the rods were able to degrade substrates like gelatin and DNA. These observations suggest that they are capable of degrading relatively more recalcitrant compounds in the deeper layers. The minor components, like the rod morphotypes and sand content, could wield a large influence on the variability of other parameters.