拉萨地块南木林盆地北缘中新世高锶低钇岩浆作用:锆石U-Pb年龄、Hf同位素和地球化学特征

拉萨地块南木林盆地北缘的林子宗群火山岩地层侵位有大量的花岗斑岩岩株和岩脉,空间分布上与南北向正断层的次级断裂相一致。本次研究对南木林盆地北缘的花岗斑岩进行了系统的元素地球化学,LA-MCICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学和Lu-Hf同位素测试。数据结果表明:花岗斑岩具有高硅(68.31%~71.34%)、高钾(4.52%~4.96%)、高(La/Yb)N(21.59~36.81)、Sr/Y(Sr/Y=15.59~38.10)等特征,富集大离子亲石元素(LILE),亏损高场强元素(HFSE);花岗斑岩LA-MC-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为12.2±0.1Ma,ε_(Hf)(t)值为-0.6~+4.0。拉萨地块南木林盆地北缘花岗斑岩岩石学、地球化学特征显示其为新生下地壳部分熔融产物,且源区残留了石榴子石、金红石、角闪石,无斜长石残留,在岩浆上侵过程中,发生了碱性长石的分离结晶作用。花岗斑岩侵位于中新世,与区内南北向裂谷发育时代一致,成分上类似于拉萨地块南部同时期发育的高锶低钇斑岩、钾质岩,同为印度—欧亚大陆碰撞后东西向伸展背景产物。     

华南陆块钨和锡的地球化学时空分布

以1∶20万区域化探全国扫面计划水系沉积物和中国东部地壳与岩石元素丰度研究W、Sn分析数据为基础,探讨了华南陆块W、Sn的时空分布特征。从空间分布上看,华南陆块W、Sn的高含量主要分布在华南陆块东南部,即岳阳-怀化-桂林-梧州-茂名以东、长江以南广大地区的华夏地块华南造山带和东南沿海火山岩带与扬子地块下扬子台褶带和江南地轴;而南岭地区则是华南造山带W、Sn高含量的集中分布区,与华南中生代大花岗岩省成矿域产出的中国乃至世界重要的W、Sn矿产地相一致。从岩性上看,华南陆块东南部基底碱(正)长花岗岩、板岩、千枚岩、片岩以W、Sn背景含量高为特点。从时间分布上看,华南陆块东南部自中元古代以来形成的基底和盖层中砂岩和泥岩富含W、Sn,在地壳演化后期以富含W、Sn的碱(正)长花岗岩为主体的印支-燕山期大面积花岗质岩浆火山侵入活动达到高峰,造成华南陆块东南部W、Sn高背景含量的分布,形成巨大的W、Sn地球化学域。加之,华南陆块东部W、Sn成矿作用强烈,与W、Sn有关的中大型矿床密集分布,从而导致大量W、Sn区域地球化学异常和局部地球化学异常的形成。     

1986年门源地震(MS 6.4)过程地形变演化特征及块体模型解析

分析了1986年门源6．4级地震震源周边地区不同尺度跨断层形变在地震过程中的演化特征,依据非连续变形数值分析方法(DDA)模拟了震源破裂过程引起的地表垂直位移速率变化．分析表明,地表跨越断层的剖面形变变化是垂直和水平栽荷共同作用的结果,而垂直力源的影响可能是引起本次地震形变变化的主要因素．这与地质构造分析和震源机制结果是吻合的．     

Long-lived Paleotethyan pelagic remnant inside Shan-Thai Block: Evidence from radiolarian biostratigraphy

The Shan-Thai Block, regarded traditionally as awhole geotectonic unit by the geologists engaged inthe study of geotectonic evolution of Southeast Asia, issituated to the west of the Ailaoshan and Nan-UttaraditSutures and to the east of the Shan Boundary Faults,and covers southwestern Yunnan, eastern Myanmar,most of Thailand, northwestern Laos, western Malay-sia, and Sumatra[1,2] (fig. 1). However, recent researchshows that it consists of two continental terranes fromGondwana and Cathay…     

The P–T–deformation path for a mid-Proterozoic, low-pressure terrane: the Reynolds Range, central Australia

Abstract The Proterozoic low-pressure, high-temperature (LPHT) terrane of the Reynolds Range occurs in a 130-km-long, NW-trending belt in the central part of the Arunta Block, central Australia. The Reynolds Range has been affected by two mid-Proterozoic tectonic cycles, DI and DII, associated with two metamorphic events, MI and MII. DI–MI effects are restricted to the older of two sedimentary successions, the Lander Rock beds, which are separated from the younger Reynolds Range Group by an angular unconformity. The dominant structural–metamorphic features formed during DII–MII affected both sedimentary successions and the various granites that intruded them, and reworked most DI–MI effects. The DII deformation history can be subdivided into one prograde, two peak, and one retrograde stage. Average P–T calculations in the southeastern half of the range indicate a peak-metamorphic pressure of 4.1 ± 0.3 kbar. Because the calculated values are derived from the same stratigraphic level corresponding to the base of the Reynolds Range Group, which is exposed throughout the area, it is likely that pressures were similar in the entire range. In fact, however, the peak-metamorphic temperature shows a dramatic increase from greenschist facies (c. 400° C) in the northwest to granulite facies (740 ± 60° C) in the southeast, indicating that MII was associated with anomalously high heat flows. The P–T path is anticlockwise, with isobaric cooling from the metamorphic peak indicated by corona textures. However, the evidence of a prograde increase in pressure is indirect and based on the compressional nature of the structures. Peak-metamorphic mineral assemblages and retrograde mineral assemblages in amphibolite facies shear zones show the same metamorphic zonation, suggesting they formed in response to the same thermal event. If this is true, the implication is that a thermal perturbation external to the crust was maintained for a considerable period of time (110 Ma, based on zircon dating). As it is not clear whether Proterozoic, asthenosphere-active, thermal perturbations operated for this long, the alternative interpretation must be considered, namely that the peak-metamorphic events are separate from the shear zone event associated with reheating of the area.     

Study on Active Faults and Seismogenic Structure for the 1989 Batang M6.2 ～ 6.7 Earthquake Swarm in the Litang-Batang Region of West Sichuan, China

INTRODUCTIONGeological investigations since the1970s have shown that the sub_longitudinal Jinshajiang andHonghe(Red River)fault zones constitutethe western boundary of“Rhombic Sichuan_Yunnan Block”onthe Sichuan_Tibet border and display mainly dextral sh…     

Tectonic setting of the Helong Block: Implications for the northern boundary of the eastern North China Craton

The Helong block, located in southeastern Jilin Province, was thought to be an Archean geological unit in the most northeast part of the North China Craton (NCC)[1,2]. Previous geological survey sug-gested that this block is mainly composed of two parts: Jinchengdong Archean metamorphic supracrustal rocks intruded by Archean TTG complex[3―5], and the Bailiping granite[6,7] distributed in the Shiliping-Bai- liping-Guangping area. Both of them were thought as the Jinchengdong (or Helong…     

Structural and geochronological constraints on the tectonic evolution of the Dulong-Song Chay tectonic dome in Yunnan province, SW China

The Dulong-Song Chay tectonic dome lies on the border of China (SE Yunnan Province) and northern Vietnam, and consists of two tectonic and lithologic units: a core complex and a cover sequence, separated by an extensional detachment fault. These two units are overlain unconformably by Late Triassic strata. The core complex is composed of gneiss, schist and amphibolite. SHRIMP zircon U–Pb dating results for the orthogneiss yield an age of 799±10 Ma, which is considered to be the crystallization age of its igneous protolith formed in an arc-related environment. A granitic intrusion within the core complex occurred with an age of 436–402 Ma, which probably formed during partial closure of Paleotethys. Within the core complex, metamorphic grades change sharply from upper greenschist-low amphibolite facies in the core to low greenschist facies in the cover sequence. There are two arrays of foliation within the core complex, detachment fault and the cover sequence: S₁ and S₂. The pervasive S₁ is the axial plane of intrafolial S₀ folds. D₁ deformation related to this foliation is characterized by extensional structures. The strata were structurally thinned or selectively removed along the detachment faults, indicating exhumation of the Dulong-Song Chay tectonic dome. The major extension occurred at 237 Ma, determined by SHRIMP zircon U–Pb and ³⁹Ar/⁴⁰Ar isotopic dating techniques. Regionally, simultaneous tectonic extension was associated with pre-Indosinian collision between the South China and Indochina Blocks. The S₂ foliation appears as the axial plane of NW-striking S₁ buckling folds formed during a compressional regime of D₂. D₂ is associated with collision between the South China and Indochina Blocks along the Jinshajiang-Ailao Shan suture zone, and represents the Indosinian deformation. The Dulong granites intruded the Dulong-Song Chay dome at 144±2, 140±2 and 116±10 Ma based on ³⁹Ar/⁴⁰Ar measurement on muscovite and biotite. The dome was later overprinted by a conjugate strike-slip fault and related thrust fault, which formed a vortex structure, contemporaneously with late Cenozoic sinistral movement on the Ailao Shan-Red River fault.     

Cathaysian slivers in the Philippine island arc: geochronologic and geochemical evidence from sedimentary formations of the west Central Philippines

The use of geodynamic information contained in sedimentary rocks has only recently been extended into the tectonic reconstruction studies of the Philippine archipelago vis-à-vis the rest of the Southeast Asian region. We present here a comparative assessment of clastic units from the western Central Philippines, particularly from the islands of Mindoro, Panay and Palawan, and propose their likely association with sources of Cathaysian origin. Geochronological data from sedimentary formations in the study areas register U–Pb dating peaks at 185–140 Ma, 140–120 Ma and 112–90 Ma. These are similar to those observed of detrital zircons from rocks of Cathaysian origin in Taiwan and Southern China that chronicle the Yanshanian magmatic events. These same formations also record an older intercept at 1.9–1.85 Ga that likely corresponds to a regional continental orogenic episode recorded in the late Paleoproterozoic Cathaysian block. Major (e.g. Al₂O₃/TiO₂) and trace-element (e.g. Y/Ni vs Cr/V) signatures of these sedimentary formations reflect stronger influences from granitic sources than mafic–ultramafic inputs that should otherwise be expected, considering their current oceanic island arc settings. Their La/Th and Th–Co–Zr/10 ratios also reveal continental island arc and active or passive continental margin depositional settings typical of rocks from the Palawan Microcontinental Block. New geochronological and geochemical data from the clastic rocks of northwest Mindoro, in addition to those already published for the other regions of the Palawan Microcontinental Block, provide further evidence for the amalgamation of fragments of Cathaysian origin within the Philippine island arc system.     

鲁西地块NW走向断层的活动特征及裂变径迹证据

不同于华北克拉通东部普遍存在的NE走向断层,鲁西地块广泛发育一组特征明显的NW走向断层,包括非控盆断层和控盆断层两类。前者位于鲁西地块最南部,倾角相对较陡,错开了古生界及以下地层,下盘太古宇中发育韧性剪切带,断层碎裂岩指示断层存在多期活动;后者位于非控盆断层以北,除蒙山断层外韧性剪切带不发育,倾角相对较缓,控制了中生代以来的沉积。磷灰石/锆石裂变径迹证据分析得出NW走向断层的活动存在差异。断层上、下盘样品磷灰石裂变径迹表观年龄在在67±5~35±2Ma之间,径迹直方图表明样品在冷却过程中没有受到热扰动。通过平均径迹长度-年龄(或香蕉图)图、单颗粒峰值年龄、径迹年龄谱模式以及热史反演模拟综合分析来约束断层的活动时间,结果表明非控盆断层可能在早侏罗世约184Ma开始活动,之后在晚白垩世80~75Ma以及新生代~61Ma和51~43Ma活动,43Ma之后不再活动。控盆断层活动时间稍晚,于早白垩世约141Ma、晚白垩世80~75Ma活动,新生代活动时间为约61Ma、49~42Ma以及36~32Ma。总体上,NW走向断层由早到晚由南向北发育,非控盆断层活动时间早、结束早;控盆断层活动晚、结束晚,并控制了凹陷的向北发育。中生代以来区域构造应力场的变化和郯庐断裂带的走滑作用是导致两类NW走向断层差异演化的根本原因,在深部则受控于晚三叠世以来华北、扬子板块陆陆碰撞和古太平洋板块俯冲方向和速度的改变。印支期后挤压到伸展的转变,加上郯庐断裂带的左行走滑,使靠近华北克拉通南缘的前端NW走向断层首先发育,因倾角较大故不控制盆地发育;向北的后端相对伸展,成为控盆断层,后经早白垩世约141Ma期间的伸展、晚白垩世末80~75Ma和新生代的发育断层最终成型。NW走向断层的这种大致向北迁移的规律,隐示华北克拉通破坏可能始于早侏罗世或晚侏罗世,且由南向北逐渐拆沉。