增厚大陆岩石层热边界层对流剥离的数值模拟

用数值模拟方法模拟了增厚大陆岩石层热边界层被对流地幔剥离并为软流层物质替代的动力学过程．结果表明,在初始温度分层分布、侧向均匀但存在微小热扰动的流场中,80km厚的增厚岩石层热边界层约需60Ma才能被完全剥离,剥离的速率微弱地依赖扰动的强度;在已建立好的流场中,同样厚度的增厚热边界层只需约10Ma就可被剥离．模拟结果暗示青藏高原地壳及岩石层在岩石层增厚和剥离以前就很热,其下伏地馒中可能已存在建立好的上地幔小尺度对流系统,而该尺度的对流系统很可能是由特提斯海洋岩石圈俯冲和消减诱发的     

电解脱氮除磷技术在海产养殖废水治理中的研究

海产养殖迅速发展造成水域富营养化、赤潮频发,海产养殖废水污染的治理迫在眉睫。为解决此问题将电解脱氮除磷技术应用在海产养殖废水处理中,并探讨电压、pH、极板间距和电解时间对脱氮除磷去除率的影响。结果表明:脱氮除磷的去除率与电压成正相关,与极板间距成负相关。在电压为30V,极板间距10cm,pH为7时,NH_4~+-N、NO_3~--N和TP的去除率达到最大分别为72%、90%、85%。     

大气有机污染分析和评价：Ⅲ.美国迈阿密市大气有机污染监测与分析

自１９９４年６月至１９９５年３月对（美）迈阿密市大气颗粒物及干、湿沉降物中的多种有机化合物进行了定量分析与监测，并依据分析结果结合分子参数对有机污染水平的季节性变化、气候条件影响和清除机理等进行了探讨。     

利用铁屑腐蚀电池原位修复被氯代烃污染地下水的研究进展

简述了氯代烃的主要物理性质和用途，认为铁屑腐蚀电池处理氯代烃污水是基于氧化还原反应、铁屑中活性炭微粒对氯代烃的吸附与对反应的催化、氯离子对氧化膜的破坏和微电池的电场效应等原理；简要总结了迄今利用铁屑去除氯代烃的室内实验和利用原位铁屑反应墙处理地下水中的氯代烃污染研究所取得的成果，认为这种反应墙是一种效果好，成本低，维护方便，有望投入商业运行的最佳方法，并指出了其存在的问题。     

高氟地下水混凝沉淀降氟试验研究

本文开展了山西运城地区高氟地下水的降氟试验,对聚铁、硫酸铝和明矾等不同混凝剂降氟效果进行对比,探讨了地下水硬度对混凝沉淀除氟效果的影响.实验结果表明:明矾混凝沉降效果优于其它混凝剂,0.3g/L的明矾溶液可使含氟浓度4.0mg/L 的地下水降低到浓度1.0mg/L以下;地下水的硬度对明矾混凝降氟效果没有明显影响.     

APPLICATION OF CLAYS TO REMOVAL OF RED TIDE ORGANISMS Ⅲ.THE COAGULATION OF KAOLIN ON RED TIDE ORGANISMS

This article reports studies on the coagulation of kaolin(from Wuxian,Jiangsu,China)on various red tide organisms,and the observation for the first time that the coagulation of kaolin is much greaterthan that of montmorillonite so that kaolin is a more effective clay for removing red tide organisms.The authors’theoretical explanation and analysis by a mathematical-physical model prove that comparedto montmorillonite,kaolin has greater attraction for organism cells and therefore greater coagulation capabil-ity.This project’s studies on the effects of pH and acid-treatment show that the acid-treatment does not have much influence on the kaolin system;whereas the effect of pH on the kaolin system is the same asthat on the montmonrillonite system.     

THE REMOVAL OF Zn,Cd,Pb,AND Cu IN THE CHANGJIANG ESTUARY

The waters with salinity from 10 to 23 comprise the main removal region of ion and particulateforms of heavy metals in the Changjiang estuary.The positive correlationships between Zn,Cd,Pb,Cuand the reciprocal of transparency,COD and chlorophyll-a showed that the removal of heavy metalsclosely correlate with the distribution of suspensions,the adsorption of organic materials and theassimilation by organisms.The removal of heavy metals in the Changjiang estuary water were consistentwith the sedimentation rate of the sediments in these waters,sediment types and the distributions ofheavy metals contents in the sediments.     

Dyeing and printing wastewater treatment using fly-ash coated with chitosan

Printing and dyeing industry is a considerable source of environmental contamination. In this study treatment of printing and dyeing wastewater with a new type of sewage treatment agent, fly-ash coated with chitosan particles (FCCP), was examined. The effects of pH, stirring time, sedimentation time and temperature on color, COD, turbidity and NH₃-N removal were determined. The optimum dosage of FCCP and the influence of individual factors on removal efficiency were tested. The optimum parameters determined using the L₁₆(4⁵) orthogonal experiment were as follows: FCCP (weight ratio of chitosan to fly-ash 1:6) dosage, 4 g·L⁻¹; temperature, 35°C; pH, 4. The stirring time and sedimentation time were 20 min and 5 h, respectively. Under these optimum conditions, the color, COD and NH₃-N removal ratios were 97%, 80% and 75%, respectively.     

基于包络线去除和偏最小二乘的土壤参数光谱反演

基于江苏省宜兴市100个土样的可见光－近红外高光谱反射率400 2　450nm数据结合包络线去除continuum　removalcr与偏最小二乘回归partial 　least 　squares 　re gressionplsr 构建了土壤重金属砷as和有机质om含量的反演模型 结果表明相比普通plsr模型模型决定系数r2和预测根均方误差rmsep分别为0．5123．0９0和0．6215．９34cr－plsr构建的模型预测能力有明显的改善r2和rmsep分别为0．7632．323和0．９114．5９９ cr有效增强了550９001　4201　９00和2　200nm等波段处的反射光谱特征根据模型回归系数分析cr有效突出的波段正是as和om的cr－plsr模型所共用的重要波段研究表明cr能够协助plsr模型重要波段的选择利用遥感技术结合cr－plsr能够有效提高土壤重金属as和om含量的反演精度从而为土壤质量的遥感监测提供参考