临沂市国土资源信访工作探析

国土资源涉及各方利益,容易引发社会矛盾,由此引发的信访问题需要引起高度重视。结合临沂信访工作实际,分析了信访的表现形式、引发原因,从推进制度建设、加强执法监管、健全信访网络、严格制度落实等方面提出了做好信访工作的措施建议,以期进一步维护好人民群众权益,促进信访形势好转。     

我国海岸带面临的威胁、管理实践与“十三五”科技支撑工作重点——以青岛市、东营市和连云港市为例

海岸带是海洋和陆地的交汇地带,是人类最为密集、开发活动最为频繁、经济最为发达的区域,也是资源环境矛盾最为突出的区域。由于海洋灾害频发、人类开发活动剧烈,海岸带区域正面临着严峻的威胁,需要采取一系列的调控措施,以加强海岸带区域的保护与管理,实现海岸带可持续发展。本文概述了我国海岸带区域承受的压力和面临的威胁,以青岛市、东营市、连云港市海岸带为例,介绍了海岸带综合管理采取的有关实践,据此提出了"十三五"期间我国海岸带综合管理的科技支撑工作重点。     

成都自来水管网移动巡检系统的设计与实现

为了改善成都自来水管网巡检模式、提高巡检效率、加强巡检管理,基于ArcGIS平台和Android系统,利用GIS,3G,GPS等技术,构建了成都自来水管网智能终端巡检系统和监控端GIS系统,实现了自来水管网巡检可视化、智能化和巡检监控可视化、科学化,有效地提高了成都自来水管网巡检质量和效率。     

我国海洋测绘工作现状、问题与建议

分析了当前我国海洋测绘工作的现状、问题以及面临的形势。当前,我国海洋测绘工作呈参与部门多、管理以军队测绘主管部门为主、保障服务能力逐步加强、地方海洋测绘工作加速发展的现状,存在海洋测绘成果严重不足、技术自主创新能力亟待提升、统筹规划缺乏、管理职能界定不清等问题,本文从规划制定、人才培养、技术创新、军地协调等方面提出加强我国海洋测绘工作的建议。     

“玻璃地球”建设的现状、问题、趋势与对策

"玻璃地球"是地质时空大数据的有效载体,是"数字地球"在地矿领域的体现。国际上"玻璃地球"建设存在的问题主要是缺乏应有的总体规划、顶层设计和协调机制,仅实现了地层框架模型的构建,缺乏多源、多主题信息的混合建模,以及复杂地质结构的快速、动态、全息、精细的多维建模,也未解决多尺度地质框架模型的集成问题。其发展趋势是从个别走向一般,由局部走向整体,从功能走向数据,从零散走向集成,从展示走向实用。由于"玻璃地球"规模大、涉及面广,建设目标与全国地质工作信息化及"智慧地球"一致,有必要从战略上进行统一规划和顶层设计,并把相关的"数字国土"、"数字矿山"、"数字油田"、"数字工程"等纳入到统一的轨道中来。     

磁日变数据模拟输出软硬件研制

根据磁日变模拟纸卷的打印特点,以数模转换芯片为主体,设计了数模信息转换器机箱及外部接口,利用Visual Basic语言编制了相应的磁日变模拟输出软件,并介绍软件的操作和功能。经过实测数据的打印测试,并与磁日变观测站获得的磁日变曲线进行对比,结果表明,两者在曲线形态、振幅、换挡等方面都具有较高的一致性,验证了笔者研制的软硬件复制磁日变模拟纸卷是可行的,有利于磁日变模拟纸卷的保存与共享,以及航空物探磁日变观测无人值守工作的开展。     

Energy‐work‐based numerical manifold seepage analysis with an efficient scheme to locate the phreatic surface

A major challenge in seepage analysis is to locate the phreatic surface in an unconfined aquifer. The phreatic surface is unknown and assumed as a discontinuity separating the seepage domain into dry and wet parts, thus should be determined iteratively with special schemes. In this study, we systematically developed a new numerical manifold method (NMM) model for unconfined seepage analysis. The NMM is a general numerical method for modeling continuous and discontinuous deformation in a unified mathematical form. The novelty of our NMM model is rooted in the NMM two‐cover‐mesh system: the mathematical covers are fixed and the physical covers are adjusted with iterations to account for the discontinuity feature of the phreatic surface. We developed an energy‐work seepage model, which accommodates flexible approaches for boundary conditions and provides a form consistent with that in mechanical analysis with clarified physical meaning of the potential energy. In the framework of this energy‐work seepage model, we proposed a physical concept model (a pipe model) for constructing the penalty function used in the penalty method to uniformly deal with Dirichlet, Neumann, and material boundaries. The new NMM model was applied to study four example problems of unconfined seepage with varying geometric shape, boundary conditions, and material domains. The comparison of our simulation results to those of existing numerical models for these examples indicates that our NMM model can achieve a high accuracy and faster convergence speed with relatively coarse meshes. This NMM seepage model will be a key component of our future coupled hydro‐mechanical NMM model. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Discussing the definition of the second‐order work for unsaturated soils

The volumetric compaction due to wetting processes is a phenomenon observed quite often in unsaturated soils. Under certain circumstances, saturation events can result into a sudden and unexpected collapse of the system. These phenomena are usually referred to as wetting‐induced collapses, without providing any detailed theoretical justification for this terminology. In order to predict in a general fashion the occurrence of coupled instabilities induced by saturation processes, a generalization of the theoretical approaches usually employed for saturated geomaterials is here provided. More specifically, this paper addresses the problem of hydro‐mechanical instability in unsaturated soils from an energy standpoint. For this purpose, an extension of the definition of the second‐order work is here suggested for the case of unsaturated porous media. On the basis of some examples of numerical simulations of laboratory tests, coupled hydro‐mechanical instabilities are then interpreted in the light of this second‐order energy measure. Finally, the implications of the theoretical results here presented are commented from a constitutive modelling perspective. Two possible alternative approaches to formulate incremental coupled constitutive relations are indeed discussed, showing how the onset of hydro‐mechanical instabilities can be predicted using an extended form of Hill's stability criterion. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

百年勘查成果与成矿规律之集大成——首部《中国矿产地质志》研编阶段性进展概述

继顾琅和鲁迅1906年出版《中国矿产志》以来的100多年中,中国社会发生了根本性改变,中华民族由半殖民地半封建国家逐步走上了康庄大道,矿产资源功不可没。根据《国土资源"十三五"规划纲要》"总结百年勘查成果和成矿规律"的要求,《中国矿产地质志》的各项研编工作全面部署,并取得实质性进展,截止目前共完成59部成果报告,取得了一系列重要成果:制定了统一的研编技术要求,清理出全国已发现矿产地近6.5万处,划分出18种矿床类型;修订和统一了部分省区的岩石地层划分方案和地层系统;划分或修正了大地构造单元和成矿区带,探讨了大地构造格局、演化与成矿作用,总结了重点Ⅲ级成矿区带成矿规律,建立了区域成矿模式和成矿谱系;完成了部分全国性、省级(单矿种)志书和普及本,获得了一批地球化学/年代学数据,深化了典型矿床和成矿规律研究,在钨、锡、锰、镍、银、锑矿等重要矿产矿床成因与成矿规律、华南洋构造演化与成矿、前寒武纪成矿等方面取得了一些创新性成果,不仅提升了矿床学理论研究水平,还指导了成矿预测和找矿勘查,普及了矿产知识,实现了边研编、边服务,取得了显著的社会效益。     

政务地图编制研究

政务地图是近年来政府部门需求旺盛的测绘地理信息产品。本文分析了目前政务地图编制的整体现状及在工作中发挥的实际成效,研究了近几年政务地图编制过程中高质量政务地图的选题切入点、数据库快速出图等关键问题;通过分析各地政府工作报告内容、社会民生热点,整理出政务地图的选题内容;结合浙江省交换平台和政务报送采集平台、国情普查等多源数据,利用现代计算机快速出图技术,吸收各方面的意见和建议编制政务地图,做到有的放矢,达到精准高效服务政务工作的目的。