肥城矿区煤系中的顺层断层

肥城矿区煤矿生产中揭露了许多顺层断层,过去未被人们认识。笔者根据井下揭露资料,论述了顺层断层的特征及形成机制,并探讨了矿井生产中顺层断层的预测和处理方法。      

大陆造山带的研究趋势和进展

本文在通过对大陆造山带研究历史回顾的基础上,对现令造山带的分类、研究内容、研究方法及前缘问题做了系统论述,认为以大陆动力学为指导思想的造山带主要研究内容应是：造山带的基本组成、结构构造以及造山带形成演化过程和动力学机制。造山后的伸展作用和隆升机制、高压超高压变质岩形成和折返机制、造山带与盆地耦合关系和动力学、以及造山带流体作用研究等是现今造山带研究的前线问题,它们不仅是解决造山带问题的关键,同时对发展完善大陆动力学理论体系有重要意义。     

准噶尔盆地西北缘冲断构造新解

摘要：准噶尔盆地西北缘最重要的构造特征是发育一组冲断构造。对这组冲断构造的冲断时限和冲断性质的认识不同,导致对准噶尔盆地的属性存在断陷盆地与前陆盆地之争。西北缘花岗岩及其中发育的岩墙群的精确年龄限定了研究区在314～255 Ma中处于伸展状态。西北缘侏罗系沉积范围较三叠系广,早侏罗世发育碱性玄武岩,这些都表明准噶尔盆地在侏罗纪处于伸展阶段,盆地范围不断扩大。西北缘晚三叠世地层不整合覆盖于花岗岩之上,这种现象将本区冲断构造发生的时间限定为晚二叠世至早三叠世,最晚不超过晚三叠世。在地震资料解释的西北缘剖面上,冲断构造的前缘二叠纪地层平缓且厚度稳定。西北缘二叠系发育火山岩,沉积层序具从下到上粒度由粗变细的正旋回沉积特征,沉积速率稳定,沉降曲线由陡变缓,且古地温梯度和大地热流值均较高。西北缘的圈闭类型以岩性地层等非构造圈闭为主,以构造 岩性圈闭为辅。笔者认为西北缘冲断构造的性质是在314～255 Ma伸展阶段与侏罗纪伸展阶段之间发育的一次短期反转构造,发育基底卷入的高角度冲断带,并非大规模与造山作用相关的前陆冲断带。     

Conspicuous sediment structures in fossil beach deposits (southern Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain): paleoliquefaction features versus biogenic origin

Tubular-shaped concretions and concretionary dykes occur in Holocene fossil beach deposits between the township of El Médano and Punta Roja in southern Tenerife, Canary Islands. These sediment structures have been interpreted either as the result of (a) the interaction between hot ignimbrites that overflowed wet beaches; (b) fast accumulation of beach sands on hot and degassing ignimbrites; (c) paleoliquefaction caused by an earthquake (seismites). Based on the interpretation as seismites, an intense paleoearthquake with a moment magnitude of M = 6.8 was proposed to be responsible for the generation of the paleoliquefaction structures. However, we here reinterpret the sedimentary structures in question using the general criteria diagnostic for rhizocretions and root tubules with respect to their orientation, size, branching system, and style of cementation and, thus, consider them, to be of biogenic origin.     

Structures in the phase space of a four dimensional symplectic map

We numerically investigate the projections of non periodic orbits in a 4-dimensional (4-D) symplectic map composed of two coupled 2-dimensional (2-D) maps. We describe in detail the structures that are produced in different planes of projection and we find how the morphology of the 4-D orbits is influenced by the features of the 2-D maps as the coupling parameter increases. We give an empirical law that describes this influence.     

渭北煤田合阳县北中深部控煤构造样式分析

依据野外地表地质观测及地震、钻探最新的深部地质资料,结合对区域控煤构造认识,运用构造解析、构造应力场及地质力学分析等研究思路与方法,讨论了研究区控煤构造特征、构造样式以及成因。研究结果表明：研究区共有三类六种控煤构造样式,即挤压构造样式（宽缓褶皱、叠加褶皱）、走滑构造样式（反＂S＂型褶皱、＂入＂字型构造）及伸展构造样式（掀斜断块、堑垒构造）,其中以伸展构造样式发育为主要特征;研究区由东南向西北,构造变形强度由强变弱,先后经历了印支期南北向挤压、燕山中期北西向挤压和喜马拉雅期北东向挤压-走滑与北西-南东向伸展断陷作用;晚期形成的正断层不仅破坏了煤层的连续性,而且成为奥灰水储集和运移的主要通道,增大了底板突水的可能性,使煤炭资源开发受到影响。     

台风"云娜"的热动力结构模拟试验研究

对2004年8月登陆我国的台风"云娜"的热动力结构及其演变进行了数值模拟。试验从大尺度环境场、台风中尺度动力和热力场三维结构、台风云雨特征等多角度,对模拟结果与实际观测进行了对比。结果表明,模式不仅较准确地再现了台风登陆前24h移动和演变的全过程,在移向、移速和登陆时间、地点上与实况十分接近,而且对台风系统中尺度结构、云雨特征的模拟与分析场及卫星观测也有较好的一致性。采用的模拟工具是新开发的双重嵌套AREM模式,该模式是静力模式,但对台风仍有较强的模拟能力。此外,本试验无任何人为台风模型的嵌入是其中的一个特点,从而增加了试验的可信度。     

中国南海涠洲油田W114A平台服役15年的水下钢结构腐蚀防护调查

介绍了W114A平台在南海服役15年的水下钢结构的腐蚀与防护特检报告.检测表明,生物污损严重,最大附着厚度可达20 cm,阴极保护系统正常,保护效果良好.对检测方法和结果进行了分析发现,电位测量程序不妥,牺牲阳极物理尺寸的测量方法不准确,测厚点的基面清理不干净,不能准确地对平台的阴极防护效果进行评估,并对此提出了修改意...     

特殊构造条件下煤炭综放开采顶板涌水机理及防治

煤炭资源开采中采场顶板水水害是威胁工作面安全生产的灾害之一。以兖州矿区东滩煤矿综放开采14310工作面在回采过程中的涌水情况为例,在分析地质和水文地质条件基础上,从构造控水机理出发,分析了工作面特殊构造条件下顶板砂岩含水层的赋存规律和涌水规律,实施了14310工作面安全回采的探、放水工程、泄水巷工程和完善排水系统等相关水害综合防治方法,最终实现了工作面的安全回采。     

Regional gravity survey and application in oil and gas exploration in China

Ground gravity survey for regional structure unit delineation and oil and gas exploration in China is addressed in this paper with examples. Gravity survey scales, coverage, technical regulations and achievements at the national level are introduced, including data processing and anomaly interpretation techniques. Bouguer anomalies of terrestrial territories of China and classification of anomalous feature zones are also described; they are well correlated with lithotectonical boundaries, fault zones, and unexposed igneous plutons. Recent study results of petroliferous sedimentary basins are presented as well, including concealed boundaries and major structures of large basins. It is concluded that gravity survey is the most effective and economic method in unveiling unexposed and deep-seated structures, targeting and delineating oil and gas-bearing sedimentary basins, and locating main trap structures within prolific basins in early stage of exploration in China. Suggestions for improving exploration of both conventional and unconventional oil and gas reservoirs in China are also given in the paper.