混凝土结构的切割爆破技术

通过大量的素混凝土及钢筋混凝土结构切割爆破实践,分析归纳出其主要爆破参数计算方法和工程施工技术特点。将这些计算方法和技术要点应用于工程实践,取得了较好的切割爆破效果,达到了相应的工程目的。     

A neural network approach for attenuation relationships: An application using strong ground motion data from Turkey

This paper presents an application of neural network approach for the prediction of peak ground acceleration (PGA) using the strong motion data from Turkey, as a soft computing technique to remove uncertainties in attenuation equations. A training algorithm based on the Fletcher–Reeves conjugate gradient back-propagation was developed and employed for three sample sets of strong ground motion. The input variables in the constructed artificial neural network (ANN) model were the magnitude, the source-to-site distance and the site conditions, and the output was the PGA. The generalization capability of ANN algorithms was tested with the same training data. To demonstrate the authenticity of this approach, the network predictions were compared with the ones from regressions for the corresponding attenuation equations. The results indicated that the fitting between the predicted PGA values by the networks and the observed ones yielded high correlation coefficients (R²). In addition, comparisons of the correlations by the ANN and the regression method showed that the ANN approach performed better than the regression. Even though the developed ANN models suffered from optimal configuration about the generalization capability, they can be conservatively used to well understand the influence of input parameters for the PGA predictions.     

人工神经网络在徐州岩溶地面塌陷评价中的应用

岩溶地面塌陷的影响因素很多,发展过程也复杂。在众多的对岩溶地面塌陷的评价方法中,神经网络具有自学习、自适应与高度非线性映射的特点,是一种非常有效的评价手段。在徐州岩溶石地面塌陷的评价中,成功地运用了人工神经网络技术,它具有的强大非线性映射能力,能够建立评价因子和评价对象之间的关系,正确选取评价因子,避免主观判断取值,从而得出可靠的预测模型和岩溶塌陷危险性分区图。     

A Fragmentation Modelling Framework for Underground Ring Blasting Applications

Empirical approaches for predicting fragmentation from blasting continue to play a significant role in the mining industry in spite of a number of inherent limitations associated with such methods. These methods can be successfully applied provided the users understand or recognize their limitations. Arguably, the most successful empirical based fragmentation models have been those applicable to surface blasting (e.g., Kuz-Ram/Kuznetsov based models). With widespread adoption of fragmentation assessment technologies in underground operations, an opportunity has arisen to extend and further develop these type approaches to underground production blasting.

This paper discusses the development of a new fragmentation modelling framework for underground ring blasting applications. The approach is based on the back-analysis of geotechnical, blasting and fragmentation data gathered at the Ridgeway sub level caving (SLC) operation in conjunction with experiences from a number of surface blasting operations.

The basis of the model are, relating a peak particle velocity (PPV) breakage threshold to a breakage uniformity index; modelling of the coarse end of the size distribution with the Rosin-Rammler distribution; and modelling the generation of fines with a newly developed approach that allows the prediction of the volume of crushing around blastholes.

Preliminary validations of the proposed model have shown encouraging results. Further testing and validation of the proposed model framework continues and the approach is currently being incorporated into an underground blast design and analysis software to facilitate its application.     

Ground Vibration due to Blasting in Limestone Quarries

A database of ground vibration due to blasting at 27 limestone quarries, located in various parts of India, has been created. The database contains peak particle velocity (PPV), frequency, other vibration related and blast design parameters. Regression analysis of the data is carried out to derive site constants of the USBM predictor equation for individual quarries. It is found that these site constants are correlated with each other. By combining all the data, a generalised predictor equation is developed to assess and control ground vibration. In addition, mean zone of attenuation has been delineated using the predictor equations of the individual quarries. The dominant frequency of ground vibration with respect to distance and the possibility of modifying it by changing delay intervals in production blasts are also examined.     

四川彭山钙芒硝矿开采引起的生态环境影响与控制研究--多段微差挤压爆破技术的应用

多段微差挤压爆破起爆系统的研究应用，有效控制了同段起爆最大药量，使钙芒硝矿地下开采大爆破引起地面生态环境的影响得到控制。应用时，安全可靠，爆破质量好，操作简便，社会效益和经济效益明显。     

石漠化的成因机理与防治对策

从石漠化的研究现状出发，依据我国西南岩溶石山地区石漠化特征，着重分析其主要控制介质为岩性、构造、地貌、气候、岩溶、地下水、植被等自然介质因子与森林砍伐、高坡开垦等人为介质因子．石漠化是以岩溶山区脆弱的岩溶生态环境为基础，以内、外地质作用和人类恶性生态地质作用为驱动力，以资源退化和恶化为本质，基岩不断裸露，生态环境不断恶化，周而复始的恶性循环过程．提出对石漠化的研究重点是成固机理研究，对石漠化的防治应着重于对石漠化的驱动力及其主异因子的防治，阐述了治山必须先治水等防治对策与建议．     

静态控制破碎技术的研究

通过实验分析了静态破碎剂膨胀压的产生过程及膨胀过随温度变化的规律,把静态破碎剂的应用温度范围分为速效高效阶段,普通高效阶段和“滞死”阶段,为解决“滞死”阶段的药剂失效问题,研制了可回收利用的温控计,在此基础上,进行了控制同步破碎的理论分析及计算方法的研究。     

桩基动测仪在爆破振动测量中的抗干扰处理

论述了网络分析法在滤波器设计中的基本理论。分析了某电站扩建工程中土石方爆破振动信号的干扰源。设计了一个抗干扰测振信号低通传输滤波器,从而提高了桩基动测仪在爆破振动测量中的抗干扰性能。