随机非完整系统控制问题综述和展望

随着随机非线性控制的发展,随机非完整系统的控制引起了学者们的注意.本文首先探讨了随机非完整控制系统的镇定问题,涉及严反馈链式系统的反馈镇定和不满足严反馈的移动机器人镇定等;其次,介绍了该系统跟踪控制及现状;最后,在总结现有结果的基础上,分析了随机非完整系统发展的趋势,给出了6个可能的研究方向.     

Near-infrared spectroscopic search for the close orbiting planet HD 75289b

We present a search for the near-infrared spectroscopic signature of the close orbiting extrasolar giant planet HD 75289b. We obtained ∼230 spectra in the wavelength range 2.18–2.19 μm using the Phoenix spectrograph at Gemini South. By considering the direct spectrum, derived from irradiated model atmospheres, we search for the absorption profile signature present in the combined star and planet light. Since the planetary spectrum is separated from the stellar spectrum at most phases, we apply a phase-dependent orbital model and tomographic techniques to search for absorption signatures.
Because the absorption signature lies buried in the noise of a single exposure we apply a multiline deconvolution to the spectral lines available in order to boost the effective signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) of the data. The wavelength coverage of 80 Å is expected to contain ∼100 planetary lines, enabling a mean line with S/N of 800 to be achieved after deconvolution. We are nevertheless unable to detect the presence of the planet in the data and carry out further simulations to show that broader wavelength coverage should enable a planet like HD 75289b to be detected with 99.9 per cent confidence. We investigate the sensitivity of our method and estimate detection tolerances for mismatches between observed and model planetary atmospheres.     

Constraints on the ionizing flux emitted by T Tauri stars

We present the results of an analysis of ultraviolet observations of T Tauri stars (TTs). By analysing emission measures taken from the literature, we derive rates of ionizing photons from the chromospheres of five classical TTs in the range  ∼10⁴¹–10⁴⁴  photon s⁻¹, although these values are subject to large uncertainties. We propose that the He  ii /C  iv line ratio can be used as a reddening-independent indicator of the hardness of the ultraviolet spectrum emitted by TTs. By studying this line ratio in a much larger sample of objects, we find evidence for an ionizing flux which does not decrease, and may even increase, as TTs evolve. This implies that a significant fraction of the ionizing flux from TTs is not powered by the accretion of disc material on to the central object, and we discuss the significance of this result and its implications for models of disc evolution. The presence of a significant ionizing flux in the later stages of circumstellar disc evolution provides an important new constraint on disc photoevaporation models.     

中国南方二叠纪沉积体系

二叠系是中国南方重要的海相含油气层系,经历了两次大的海侵－海退沉积旋回,形成了以海相碳酸盐岩为主,海相、陆相及过渡相并存的沉积古地理格局。根据典型剖面分析和岩相古地理研究,识别出4类沉积体系,即陆地沉积体系、混合沉积体系、碳酸盐台地沉积体系和斜坡盆地沉积体系。总结出4类基本的沉积体系组合,指出海平面变化和构造运动是控制沉积体系变化及其空间展布的决定因素。最后对成油气地质条件进行了分析和讨论,认为二叠系具有多套生储盖组合,其中以碳酸盐台地体系－斜坡盆地体系组合和混合沉积体系－斜坡盆地体系组合最为理想。     

渤海湾盆地埕北凹陷古近系沉积体系分析与油气成藏

为了研究渤海湾盆地埕北凹陷的勘探前景和油气成藏规律,基于埕北凹陷古近系隐蔽油气藏的勘探实践,探讨了三个问题:埕北凹陷沉积演化史和沉积体系类型;沉积相分类和特征;油藏类型与成藏模式。通过对勘探地质资料的研究,得出了以下结果:埕北凹陷古近系经历了湖盆断陷早期、断陷扩张深陷期、断陷盆地萎缩期、湖盆断陷晚期四个阶段;埕北凹陷古近系发育了近岸水下扇沉积相、滩坝沉积相、扇三角洲沉积相、浊积扇沉积相、三角洲沉积相等五类主要的沉积相;古近系可分为陡坡带成藏体系和缓坡带成藏体系,油藏类型主要包括上倾尖灭油气藏、断块油气藏以及超覆不整合油气藏。以上结论表明埕北凹陷油气成藏明显受到沉积特征控制,油气易在上倾尖灭砂岩和不整合处成藏。     

广州市城市内涝特征分析

基于水务部门排水管理中心的内涝灾情信息,运用统计学等研究方法,分析广州市城市内涝分布特征,结果表明:广州全市内涝点最多的是中心城区天河,最少的是郊区的从化.全年发生内涝次数最多的月份是5、6月,最少的月份是2、12月;全天最容易发生内涝的时间是08:00、13:00和19:00.内涝发生时对应的最大小时雨量主要集中在5...     

Boundary crossing and non‐linear theory in earth‐system sciences – a proof of concept based on tsunami and post‐eruption scenarios on Java Island,Indonesia

Although volcanic eruptions are well‐known to be the trigger of some weather and climatic changes, land‐cover changes by pyroclastic‐flows and lahars do not get this recognition, neither do major hazards such as tsunami. These two earth processes are even lesser considered as being able to modify other earth processes they are not directly connected to, such as landslides or river discharge in non‐connected basins more than a hundred kilometres away. In this contribution the authors argue that these ideas are mainly driven by the process of being ‘educated’ in a single academic discipline and once put to the test interactions and retroactions between earth processes and atmospheric processes are far more reaching than commonly thought. For this study, the site of Java Island (Indonesia) was chosen to conduct (1) an analysis of a major tsunami impact – in the same area as the 2006 Java tsunami and (2) an analysis of the post‐eruption impacts of Merapi Volcano after a major eruption – excluding any ejecta in the atmosphere for the sake of the demonstration. The atmospheric feedback simulations were conducted using the regional climate model (RegCM‐4) with calibration from weather stations in Java Island. As a result, both simulations have proven that large scale deposits of pyroclasts (not introducing the ejectas sent in the atmosphere) and tsunamis can have outstanding impacts on the atmospheric situation and the bio‐geomorphologic evolution of the landscape in the following weeks to months. Interestingly enough these impacts are not limited to the area impacted by the earth process and the effect are not linear in time as they work following thresholds. These rainfalls ‘tele‐impacts’ are important enough to, in turn, modify earth‐surface processes in areas remote from the original phenomenon. This system acts in the same manner as a famous butterfly in Africa that could trigger a hurricane on the other side of the Atlantic Ocean. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

龙门山北段天井山构造特征及成因模拟

根据地震资料、钻井和野外调查等研究,认为天井山构造带广泛发育重力滑动构造、断层转折褶皱、倒转背斜和双重构造等构造样式.天井山构造带变形具有垂向分层特点:上部构造主要为断层转折褶皱,02tjs10测线附近变形强度最大,向两端变形逐步减弱;下部构造为多个逆冲岩片叠置所构成的双重构造.通过构造物理模拟实验,证实天井山构造带在北西—南东向挤压应力作用下变形序列为前展式逆冲叠瓦式构造组合;天井山构造带存在多个滑脱层系,才会形成分层变形、垂向叠置的不协调收缩构造变形.该研究可以为天井山构造带乃至龙门山油气勘探提供指导.     

A decentralized parallel one-pass fixed-interval deconvolution algorithm for multisensor systems with multiplicative noises

A decentralized parallel one-pass deconvolution algorithm for multisensor systems with multiplicative noises is proposed. Comparing with the conventional deconvolution algorithm, it avoids the computational overload and the high storage requirement. The algorithm is optimal in the sense of linear minimum-variance. The simulation results illustrate the validity of the proposed algorithm.     

夏季青藏高原对流系统移出高原的气象背景场分析

利用1998-2004年6-8月共21个月的ISCCP对流路径集资料,结合NCEP/NCAR再分析资料和TRMM 3B42降水资料,采用合成统计分析方法,对夏季生成于青藏高原（高原）地区的对流系统进行了分类对比分析,目的在于研究各类高原对流系统动热力场的水平和垂直结构特征,探讨各类对流系统能否移出高原的气象背景场差异。结果表明,夏季高原对流系统主要生成于青藏高原中东部,存在两个高发中心。夏季高原对流系统按照对流系统的移动路径可以分为未移出高原、向南移出高原和向东移出高原3类。高原对流系统的移动、发展和生成源地没有直接关系,主要决定于气象背景场。当生成的高原对流系统上升运动强、水汽条件优越时,其强度不断增大,利于对流系统维持发展并移出高原,如果这类高原对流系统处于强西风气流控制下,容易向东移出高原,如受较强偏北风气流影响,则容易向南移出高原;而当生成的高原对流系统上升运动弱、水汽条件不理想时,其强度不断减弱,不利于对流系统发展移动,高原对流系统在高原区逐渐消亡。