声源定位算法的精度分析

针对国家靶场测量落点坐标测试手段存在局限性的问题,该文提出基于时延估计的声源定位算法,给出影响该算法定位精度的几个因素和传感器阵列的几种布站方式,并对各种布站方式的定位误差进行了仿真计算,通过仿真分析了在不同的布站方式下声波的传播速度误差和时间差测量误差对定位精度的影响。结果表明:采用声波定位技术测量落点坐标精度可满足指标要求;合理布设传感器阵列能够提高定位精度。     

海面光谱辐射计系统研制及遥感反射比的测量

本文报道海面光谱辐射计的研制、定标和海上现场实验测量。运用一个 2 5 6元光电二极管列阵传感器件测量海面离水辐亮度和向下辐照度的光谱分布 ,可计算得出遥感反射比。该仪器所测量的数据可以用于海洋方面相关专业的科学研究 ,并给出海上实验测量数据     

水下压力阵列的测波方法

本文介绍了ＨＤＬ—２１７６底压式测波仪的基本特性，给出了水下压力阵列进行波浪方向谱估计的数据计算方法。     

Hydrodynamic Coefficients for Grouping Piles Under the Action of Irregular Waves

-The hydrodynamic coefficients for each of two piles and three piles in both side-by-side arrangement and tandem arrangement under the action of irregular waves are experimentally investigated. These coefficients vary with the KC number, the relative pile spacing, the number of piles and the pile location, and their relationships are presented in this paper. They can be used in Morison Equation and other equations to calculate directly the in-line wave forces and the transverse forces on each pile in array.     

Extraction method of component waves in full waveform acoustic data and its application

In conventional slowness-time coherence(STC)method,slowness and time need to be searched at the same time,which limits the precision and lowers the efficiency.The dichotomy method combined with slowness-time coherence algorithm aims to enhance the efficiency of data processing and to improve the precision.The algorithm changes the searching pattern of conventional slowness-time coherence method to acquire the slowness of component waves in array acoustic logging data.Based on energy ratio of short time window versus long time window and slowness-time coherence method,the algorithm first acquires the arrivals of the component waves using energy ratio of short time window versus long time window method.It then uses the calculated results as the arrivals in conventional slowness-time coherence method,so the slowness-time two-dimensional searching process is simplified to slowness searching process.Based on dichotomy method,the searching pattern is further optimized in replace of the ergodic searching pattern in conventional slowness-time coherence method,which means that as the iteration proceeds,the current searching interval is reduced to half of the former,so the number of searching times is decreased.The dichotomy method combined with slowness-time coherence algorithm is applied to well L in the data processing.Compared with conventional slowness-time coherence method,for compressional wave,the searching efficiency of the algorithm is 4.53 times better,while for Stoneley wave,the searching efficiency is 1.85 times better.Compared with conventional logging data,the average absolute error of the results of the dichotomy method combined with slowness-time coherence algorithm is 1.14μs/ft smaller than that of the conventional method,while the average relative error is 1.2 percent lower.The dichotomy method combined with slowness-time coherence algorithm shows good results in its application,which can enhance the processing efficiency remarkably while getting reliable results at the same time.     

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地震波面波空间相干性规律研究

In this paper, seismic records of Taiwan LSST array and SMART-1 array were selected to calculate the S-wave and surface wave coherence coefficients at different station distances. And then the coherence function model proposed by Loh was used to fit the calculation results. After comparison and analysis, we found that when the distance d < 50 m, the coherency coefficients of surface wave and S-waves are basically the same; when the distance d = 50 m , the coherency coefficients of surface wave is smaller than that of S-wave, and as the distance increases, the differences gradually increase. When the distance d > 500 m, the spatial coherency of the surface wave hardly exists, so no further consideration is needed. Finally, the surface wave coherency model parameters were given in this paper, which can be used as a reference for the synthetic ground motion field in the seismic analysis for long and large structures in large basins.     

A multi-channel approach for automatic microseismic event association using RANSAC-based Arrival Time Event Clustering (RATEC)

In the presence of background noise, arrival times picked from a surface microseismic data set usually include a number of false picks that can lead to uncertainty in location estimation. To eliminate false picks and improve the accuracy of location estimates, we develop an association algorithm termed RANSAC-based Arrival Time Event Clustering (RATEC) that clusters picked arrival times into event groups based on random sampling and fitting moveout curves that approximate hyperbolas. Arrival times far from the fitted hyperbolas are classified as false picks and removed from the data set prior to location estimation. Simulations of synthetic data for a 1-D linear array show that RATEC is robust under different noise conditions and generally applicable to various types of subsurface structures. By generalizing the underlying moveout model, RATEC is extended to the case of a 2-D surface monitoring array. The effectiveness of event location for the 2-D case is demonstrated using a data set collected by the 5200-element dense Long Beach array. The obtained results suggest that RATEC is effective in removing false picks and hence can be used for phase association before location estimates.     

“天绘一号”卫星三线阵影像条带式区域网平差

针对框幅式影像传统的空中三角测量算法不适用于三线阵影像, 因此必须设计相应的数学模型。三线阵推扫式传感器在成像时, 不同扫描线对应的摄影中心位置和姿态都不一样, 空中三角测量解算时, 外方位元素个数大于观测值个数, 理论上无法解算每一条扫描线的方位元素, 因此需要采用合适的数学模型模拟卫星轨道。目前常用的有3种轨道模型:线性多项式模型, 分段多项式模型和定向片模型。本文利用“天绘一号”卫星的真实数据, 在WGS-84坐标系统下进行3种模型的平差对比试验, 同时采用不同的控制点布设方案, 分析各模型在不同控制点布设方案下所能达到的精度水平。     

检波器组合对高分辨率地震勘探的影响

基于检波器组合各点为平面简谐波同相叠加的假设,地震勘探野外施工多将检波器组合作为压制噪音提高原始资料信噪比的一种主要手段,但实际野外地震地质因素难以满足假设条件,导致由多个检波器组合叠加的地震信号存在一定程度的畸变,进而影响到信号的振幅和频率。通过对组合基距及组内距的计算,论证了检波器组合对信号频率及振幅的影响程度。实际资料分析证明,检波器组合在噪音压制的同时也会损伤到有效信号,尤其高频信息成份;过大的检波器组合基距,不仅会降低原始资料信噪比,甚至还会降低原始资料频率。据此提出在高信噪比地区,采集地震数据宜采用较小检波器组合基距,以提高原始资料的分辨率。