北山马鬃山地区野马泉和勒巴泉韧性剪切带构造变形特征与年代学约束

野马泉和勒巴泉韧性剪切带作为北山造山带微陆块碰撞的产物,在北山造山带早古生代碰撞—造山过程中具有重要的地质意义。前人对其研究主要集中于勒巴泉地区构造变质核杂岩以及其中产出的蛇绿岩带。为了更好确定其构造变形时代,文章通过对野马泉和勒巴泉韧性剪切带野外构造剖面和显微构造特征的研究表明：野马泉和勒巴泉韧性剪切带具有由北西西向南东东逆冲,兼具右行剪切运动特征。通过对韧性剪切带中糜棱岩带中未变形花岗岩脉的锆石U-Pb定年,确定了野马泉和勒巴泉地区韧性剪切变形年龄上限为416 Ma,结合前人所报道的年龄,将韧性剪切变形时代大致限定在423~416 Ma之间,可能与牛圈子洋壳往北北东方向朝野马泉弧俯冲有关。     

海南岛南部侏罗系的发现——来自碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄及Hf同位素的证据

海南岛一直被认为缺失侏罗纪沉积记录,指示了海南岛与大陆内部不一样的中生代演化特征。对海南岛南部三亚地区尖岭剖面和海螺岭剖面紫红色碎屑岩,以及早白垩世鹿母湾组进行了详细的野外地质调查和碎屑锆石U-Pb同位素分析。结果表明,尖岭剖面和海螺岭剖面的紫红色碎屑岩具有高度一致的碎屑锆石年龄谱,限定的最大沉积年龄为172～174Ma,完全不同于下伏晚奥陶世榆红组和海南岛早白垩世鹿母湾组沉积岩的碎屑锆石年龄谱。综合区域构造-岩浆活动和中—新生代碎屑锆石年代学分析结果及尖岭剖面紫红色碎屑岩中锆石Hf同位素特征,认为海南岛三亚地区尖岭和海螺岭紫红色碎屑岩应沉积于172～158Ma之间,属于中—晚侏罗世沉积岩。其沉积物源和构造背景与广东东部和福建沿海同时代沉积岩相似,指示华南东南沿海地区在中—晚侏罗世具有统一的大地构造背景。     

火成碳酸岩Sm-Nd等时线定年技术

选取庙垭铌-稀土矿床中5件新鲜的碳酸岩样品,依据内部等时线法原理,依次采用醋酸、王水、氢氟酸对其进行分步溶解,并分别对其醋酸溶解相、王水溶解相、氢氟酸溶解相和全岩进行了Sm-Nd同位素组成分析.结果显示不同溶解相之间147Sm/144Nd同位素比值变化全岩之间由0.02扩大为0.09,5件样品共计17个点拟合获得的等时线年龄为233±12 Ma(MSWD=2.7),其中单件样品的分相Sm-Nd等时线定年结果为235±17 Ma(MSWD=1.4).这些结果与在该套碳酸岩中的独居石SHRIMP U-Th-Pb年龄(233.6±1.7 Ma)(Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,2014,143:189-206.)、 独居石LA-ICP-MS Th-Pb年龄(~240 Ma)以及铌铁矿LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄(232.8±4.5 Ma)(Lithos,2017,290-291:159-171.)在误差范围内基本一致,表明火成碳酸岩分相Sm-Nd定年结果可靠.     

Paleoenvironmental Record from Wuqi Paleolake in Northern Chinese Loess Plateau

正Jinding core(ZK04,36°47′35.36″N,108°19′05.24″E)is located in the northern area of Luohe river basin,northern Chinese loess plateau,lying to the southeast of Wuqi County about 20 km.The total depth of Core ZK04 is 92.20     

Sea-level and tectonic control of middle to late Pleistocene turbidite systems in Santa Monica Basin, offshore California

Small turbidite systems offshore from southern California provide an opportunity to track sediment from river source through the turbidity‐current initiation process to ultimate deposition, and to evaluate the impact of changing sea level and tectonics. The Santa Monica Basin is almost a closed system for terrigenous sediment input, and is supplied principally from the Santa Clara River. The Hueneme fan is supplied directly by the river, whereas the smaller Mugu and Dume fans are nourished by southward longshore drift. This study of the Late Quaternary turbidite fill of the Santa Monica Basin uses a dense grid of high‐resolution seismic‐reflection profiles tied to new radiocarbon ages for Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site 1015 back to 32 ka. Over the last glacial cycle, sedimentation rates in the distal part of Santa Monica Basin averaged 2–3 mm yr^?1, with increases at times of extreme relative sea‐level lowstand. Coarser‐grained mid‐fan lobes prograded into the basin from the Hueneme, Mugu and Dume fans at times of rapid sea‐level fall. These pulses of coarse‐grained sediment resulted from river channel incision and delta cannibalization. During the extreme lowstand of the last glacial maximum, sediment delivery was concentrated on the Hueneme Fan, with mean depositional rates of up to 13 mm yr^?1 on the mid‐ and upper fan. During the marine isotope stage (MIS) 2 transgression, enhanced rates of sedimentation of > 4 mm yr^?1 occurred on the Mugu and Dume fans, as a result of distributary switching and southward littoral drift providing nourishment to these fan systems. Longer‐term sediment delivery to Santa Monica Basin was controlled by tectonics. Prior to MIS 10, the Anacapa ridge blocked the southward discharge of the Santa Clara River into the Santa Monica Basin. The pattern and distribution of turbidite sedimentation was strongly controlled by sea level through the rate of supply of coarse sediment and the style of initiation of turbidity currents. These two factors appear to have been more important than the absolute position of sea level.     

Recurring middle Pleistocene outburst floods in east-central Alaska

Recurring glacial outburst floods from the Yukon-Tanana Upland are inferred from sediments exposed along the Yukon River near the mouth of Charley River in east-central Alaska. Deposits range from imbricate gravel and granules indicating flow locally extending up the Yukon valley, to more distal sediments consisting of at least 10 couplets of planar sands, granules, and climbing ripples with up-valley paleocurrent indicators overlain by massive silt. An interglacial organic silt, occurring within the sequence, indicates at least two flood events are associated with an earlier glaciation, and at least three flood events are associated with a later glaciation which postdates the organic silt. A minimum age for the floods is provided by a glass fission track age of 560,000 ± 80,000 yr on the GI tephra, which occurs 8 m above the flood beds. A maximum age of 780,000 yr for the floods is based on normal magnetic polarity of the sediments. These age constraints allow us to correlate the flood events to the early-middle Pleistocene. And further, the outburst floods indicate extensive glaciation of the Yukon-Tanana Upland during the early-middle Pleistocene, likely representing the most extensive Pleistocene glaciation of the area.     

Ages and Compositions of the Precambrian High-grade Basement of the Qilian Terrane and Its Adjacent Areas

Based on geological, chronological, geochemical and Nd isotopic studies of the high-grade basement of the Qilian terrane, the authors have drawn the following main conclusions: (1) the high-grade basement of the Qilian terrane consists mainly of meta-argillo-arenaceous rocks and granites and its bulk part was formed in the period of 0.8-1.0 Ga (the Jinningian period); (2) most of the meta-argillo-arenaceous rocks and granitic rocks have strong negative Eu and Ba anomalies (Eu/Eu*= 0.47-0.71 and Ba/Ba*=0.16-0.64), with fDM and εNd(1.0 Ga) ranging from 1.87 to 2.26 Ga and from -8.54 to -4.06 respectively, showing relatively high maturity; and (3) the Jinningian granitic rocks are a typical product of continent-continent collision, being probably related to the formation of the supercontinent Rodinia. These studies, combined with the study of high-grade basement rocks near the Qilian terrane, suggest that before the Jinningian period, the Qilian-Qaidam northern-margin terrane and Dunhuang-Alxa terrane wer     

西安地铁二号线沿线地裂缝未来位错量估算及工程分级

地裂缝在地铁设计使用期内的最大垂直位错量是西安地铁二号线穿越地裂缝结构设计的一个十分重要的参数。本文以历史水准监测资料为基础,分析了西安地铁二号线沿线各地裂缝在不同历史阶段的活动特征与活动原因,对各地裂缝的未来活动趋势进行了预测。然后通过基于不同时间段地裂缝活动速率的最大垂直位错量估算结果的对比分析,得出了地铁设计使用期内各条地裂缝与地铁交汇点处地裂缝的最大垂直位错量,并以此为依据,将西安地铁二号线沿线地裂缝分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ级等4个工程级别。     

长春市地质灾害的探讨

本文根据长春市新构造特征,尤其是活动断裂带的强烈活动性和比较复杂的地震地质背景资料重点探讨本区可能发生的地震灾害,新立城水库溃坝引起的洪水灾害及地面塌陷灾害,圈定地震灾害的烈度区划、洪水灾害和地面塌陷灾害的范围,在此基础上进一步提出尽可能避免或减轻地质灾害的有力措施。这对于长春市城市规划、国民经济建设、工程地质等方面,有着重要的理论和实际意义。     

四川丹巴县独狼沟金矿床成因：来自同位素证据

四川丹巴县独狼沟金矿床是扬子陆块西缘金成矿带上的一个大型金矿床。矿体呈较高品位、较厚单体石英脉充填于构造破碎带之间,呈透镜状、似层状和层状产出,受断层构造影响极为明显,具热液矿床特征。矿物学、锆石U-Pb测年成果和稀土元素及微量元素等方面研究显示矿床主要受两期热液成矿作用影响,早期热液成矿作用形成以磁黄铁矿、黄铁矿等高温热液矿物为主的金矿体,时限限定于184.2±1.1 Ma;晚期热液成矿作用则形成以黄铜矿、叶碲铋矿等中温热液矿物为主的金矿体,时限限定于156.5±4.3 Ma。成矿流体氢氧同位素组成表明其与该时期区域岩浆作用存在一定关联而与区域变质作用关系不密切。S同位素组成反映出其来源为深部来源的属性,在Pb同位素组成的研究中也对这一观点进行了验证。成矿流体被认为是来自交代岩石圈地幔,在早侏罗世软流圈上涌事件影响下交代岩石圈地幔中挥发分上涌并活化上覆地层中的金,从而形成富金成矿流体并沿区域性深大断裂上移就位于地壳岩石地层中成矿。成矿动力学机制与区域碰撞造山后由挤压向伸展转换的大地构造背景密切关联,认为独狼沟金矿床为典型造山型金矿床。