Initiation of the San Jacinto Fault and its Interaction with the San Andreas Fault: Insights from Geodynamic Modeling

The San Andreas Fault (SAF) is the Pacific-North American plate boundary, yet in southern California a significant portion of the relative plate motion is accommodated by the San Jacinto Fault (SJF). Here we investigate the initiation of the SJF and its interaction with the SAF in a three-dimensional visco-elasto-plastic finite-element model. The model results show that the restraining bend of the southern SAF causes strain localization along the SJF, thus may have contributed to its initiation. Slip on the SJF tends to reduce slip rate on the SAF and enhance deformation in the Eastern California Shear Zone. The initiation of the SJF and its interaction with the SAF reflect the evolving plate boundary zone as it continuously seeks the most efficient way to accommodate the relative plate motion.     

Monitoring active fault creep as a tool in seismic hazard mitigation. Insights from creepmeter study at Chihshang,Taiwan

In 1998 we installed five creepmeters across the Chihshang Fault, the active plate suture in eastern Taiwan. Daily creepmeter data indicated decreasing creeping rate from 1999 to 2003, suggesting increasing seismic hazard. The fault was ruptured by the Chengkung earthquake ($\mathit{Mw}=6.6$) on 10 December 2003. Through extrapolation of our earlier creep data of 1986–1991 and 1992–1997, we evaluate the minimum deficit in aseismic creep shortening as 106 or 46 mm (respectively) before this earthquake. The near-surface co-seismic shortening was limited, but the total shortening resulting from the earthquake, including post-seismic creep, was about 97 mm. This suggests that near the surface most of the detectable deficit has been absorbed by this earthquake and subsequent creep. We thus point out that creepmeter installation and monitoring bring a powerful tool in seismic hazard mitigation. To cite this article: J.-C. Lee et al., C. R. Geoscience 337 (2005).     

在AutoCAD中实现三维地层模拟的一种方法

以地层等高线和地质柱状图为建模基础信息,采用曲面样条函数进行插值计算地质曲面,并对AutoCAD进行二次开发,将二维抽象的等高线信息以三维可视化的图形效果在AutoCAD的图形窗口中直观形象地表示出来,为开采和规划决策提供依据.此方法可使煤矿主采区域、城市活断层探测以三维地层显示,对煤矿行业,地震活断层研究有一定的参考价值.     

歧口凹陷唐东走滑断裂存在证据及勘探意义

多年来由于缺乏有利的地质证据，对唐东构造带NS向构造破碎带的认识、理解存在差异，造成该区生产研究中走滑断层、转换带、构造调节带、平移断层等概念多次重复使用，并严重制约了该区的整体勘探部署．新近地震解释结果与地球物理速度反演成果表明：大港探区滩海沿岸带新生代构造变形是在NWW向伸展构造变形基础上，叠加NNE向深断裂右旋走滑构造变形的结果，具有形成近NS向走滑断层的区域地质构造背景，同时，唐东走滑断裂将对该构造带及邻区油气聚集成藏与勘探部署具有指导意义．     

海原活动断裂的地壳脱气作用

根据实验结果讨论了1920年海原8．5级大震发震断裂的气体构造地球化学作用。海原活动断裂带上的脱气以地壳脱气作用为主,脱气作用产物来源于上中地壳,脱气作用的弹度与断层应力状态运动特点密切相关。不同元素所反映的脱气深度范围及特征有所不同,氡对浅部断层活动及拉张区脱气作用较为灵敏,汞、氦能反映较深地壳内的脱气作用,氢的异常则与断层的逆中、推覆作用及断面上岩水作用密切相关。     

华北地区跨断层垂直形变分区特征及其对块体划分的意义

对 70年代以来的华北地区跨断层形变测量资料进行了分区研究。按构造单元将华北地区的跨断层测量台站或测点分为五组 :山西带、郯庐带、阴山 -燕山带西段、阴山 -燕山带东段和首都圈。对 80项实测资料的计算结果表明 ,华北地区断层垂直活动平均年速率为 0 335mm/a ,但各分区之间的断层活动速率值相差很大。山西断陷带的断层形变速率最高 ,是华北地区最重要的活动块体边界 ;其它构造带的断层形变速率都比较低     

中国西部及邻区强震迁移规律与喜马拉雅弧关系研究

在数值模拟的基础上,系统分析研究了中国西部及邻区强震活动的迁移规律,结果表明,印度板块与欧亚板块的碰撞作用控制着中国西部强震活动。 喜马拉雅东部弧顶（缅甸弧顶） 、西部弧顶（兴都库什弧顶） 及喜马拉雅弧中段的强震活动与内陆的强震活动存在密切的联系,与内陆强震活跃期、平静期的存在及强震迁移规律都有重要关系。     

富蕴地震断裂带的若干定量特征

对富蕴地震断裂带９处不同地段的平板地质测量结果表明：北部引张段地震断裂 带宽约２２０ｍ,断坎平均高０．４ｍ;中部主体走滑段地震断层长达５３５ｍ以上,断层水平位移为１．８￣７．８ｍ断坎高０．４￣１．２ｍ,水平位移与垂直位移之比为５．７￣８．６;南部末端破裂段地震抛掷巨石距离达４０ｍ,地震断层水平位移为０．４￣９．９ｍ,断坎平均高０．２ｍ,末端及副断层水平位移与垂直位移之比高达２５￣２８。     

利用断层气(土气氡)探测琼北地区的断裂活动性

对琼北地区的ＮＥＥ、ＮＷ向两组断裂及历史强震区进行跨断层土氡测量,以探明该区断裂的近期活动性。结果表明：⑴ＮＥＥ向的王五－文教断裂、ＮＷ向的铺前－清澜断裂现今都有较强的活动性,铺前－马袅断裂、临高断裂和长流－仙沟断裂也有一定的活动性;⑵就断裂活动的总体水平而言,琼东北地区较之西北地区高,而琼东北地区的南部又较北部高。     

岫岩—海城5.6级地震地震地质背景及其发震构造

讨论了１９９９年１１月２９日岫岩－海城５．６级地震的地震地质背景,并依据地震震中分布、等震线形态、地震与断裂的关系等分析了此次地震的发震构造。结果表明,官次地震仍然是海城地震区内的地震活动,其发震构造是ＮＷ向海城河断裂。