三疣梭子蟹HMGR基因的克隆及其在蜕皮中的表达分析

为了研究3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰辅酶A还原酶(3-hydroxy-3-methyl glutaryl coenzyme A reductase,HMGR)在甲壳动物蜕皮调控中的作用,采用RT-PCR和c DNA末端快速扩增技术(RACE),克隆得到三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus)HMGR基因的c DNA序列(Gen Bank登录号:KF280756)。该序列全长2575bp,包括一个53bp的5′端非编码区,一个686bp的3′端非编码区和一个长度为1836bp的开放阅读框,编码611个氨基酸。该氨基酸序列与已公布的美洲海鳌虾HMGR氨基酸序列相比一致性达65%,具有Ⅰ型HMGR保守催化区域、两个HMG-Co A结合基序和两个NADP(H)结合基序。采用实时荧光定量PCR(q RT-PCR)技术,分析三疣梭子蟹HMGR基因的组织差异表达及在蜕皮周期中的表达水平变化,结果表明HMGR基因在三疣梭子蟹大颚器(MO)中的表达量最高,在其它组织中表达量均极低;在三疣梭子蟹蜕皮周期中,大颚器中HMGR基因的表达量自A期至D0亚期升至最高,然后下降,至D4亚期最低。验证了大颚器是三疣梭子蟹合成甲基法尼酯的唯一器官,表明HMGR在三疣梭子蟹蜕皮调控中起着重要作用。     

海洋二号微波散射计极地海冰识别算法研究

An Antarctic sea ice identification algorithm on the HY-2A scatterometer(HSCAT) employs backscattering coefficient(σ0) and active polarization ratio(APR) for a preliminary sea ice identification.Then standard deviation(STD) filtering and space filtering are carried out.Finally,it is used to identify sea ice.A process uses a σ0,STD threshold and an APR as sea ice indicators.The sea ice identification results are verified using the sea ice distribution data of the ASMR2 released by the National Snow and Ice Data Center as a reference.The results show very good consistence of sea ice development trends,seasonal changes,area distribution,and sea ice edge distribution of the sea ice identification results obtained by this algorithm relative to the ASMR2 sea ice results.The accuracy of a sea ice coverage is 90.8% versus the ASMR2 sea ice results.This indicates that this algorithm is reliable.     

基于C/S与B/S混合结构的海洋科技档案管理系统的分析和设计

分析了目前海洋科技档案管理的现状和存在的问题,针对海洋科技档案管理的特点和具体的应用需求,提出了基于C／S与B／S混合结构的海洋科技档案管理系统（Marine Science＆Technology Archives Management System,MSTAMS）设计方案．基于海洋科技档案管理的工作流程,从系统的总体设计、数据库设计、功能模块划分以及安全管理体束等方面进行了论述,对其中的关键技术进行了分析和研究,为糸纯的开发和实施提供一套切实、可行、全面、先进的理论体来和技术指导,以实现海洋科技档案管理信息化、自动化和可视化,从而提高海洋科技档案管理的效率,满足目前各海洋研究系统及单位对档案管理和应用的需要．     

HY-2B卫星散射计海面风场产品质量分析 *

星载微波散射计是获取全球海面风场信息的主要手段, HY-2B卫星散射计的成功发射为全球海面风场数据获取的持续性提供了重要保障。本文利用欧洲中期天气预报中心(European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, ECMWF)再分析风场数据、热带大气海洋观测计划(Tropical Atmosphere Ocean Array, TAO)和美国国家数据浮标中心(National Data Buoy Center, NDBC)浮标获取的海面风矢量实测数据, 对HY-2B散射计海面风场数据产品的质量进行统计分析。分析表明, HY-2B风场与ECMWF再分析风场对比, 在4~24m·s^-1风速区间内, 风速和风向均方根误差(root mean square error, RMSE)分别为1.58m·s^-1和15.34°; 与位于开阔海域的TAO浮标数据对比, 风速、风向RMSE分别为1.03m·s^-1和14.98°, 可见HY-2B风场能较好地满足业务化应用的精度要求(风速优于2m·s^-1, 风向优于20°)。与主要位于近海海域的NDBC浮标对比, HY-2B风场的风速、风向RMSE分别为1.60m·s^-1和19.14°, 说明HY-2B散射计同时具备了对近海海域风场的良好观测能力。本文还发现HY-2B风场质量会随风速、地面交轨位置等变化, 为用户更好地使用HY-2B风场产品提供参考。     

Global Statistical Assessment and Cross-Calibration with Jason-2 for Reprocessed HY-2 A Altimeter Data

HY-2 A (Haiyang-2 A) satellite was launched on August 16, 2011 and radar altimeter is one of its main payloads. We reprocessed two years of HY-2 A altimeter sensor geophysical dataset records (SGDR) data. This paper presents the main results in terms of reprocessed HY-2 A altimeter data quality: verification of data availability and validity, monitoring several relevant altimeter parameters, and assessment of the HY-2 A altimeter system performances. A cross-calibration analysis of reprocessed HY-2 A altimeter data with Jason-2 was conducted. The reprocessed HY-2 A altimeter data show good quality and have a low level of noise with respect to Jason-2. The same geophysical correction methods were used to calculate the sea surface height (SSH) for the two missions. The mean standard deviations of the crossover differences for HY-2 A and Jason-2 are 5.24 cm and 5.34 cm, respectively. The mean standard deviation of the crossover differences between HY-2 A and Jason-2 is 5.37 cm. These show that HY-2 A can provide SSH measurements at almost the same level of accuracy as Jason-2. The relative SSH bias between HY-2 A and Jason-2 due to the Ultra Stable Oscillator (USO) drift is obviously observed, and it can affect the calculation of mean sea level and should be further studied and corrected.     

苯并[a]芘(BaP)对褐菖鲉(Sebasticus marmoratus)肝CYP1A1酶活性、基因表达及蛋白表达的影响

为了了解苯并[a]芘(BaP)对鱼类细胞色素P4501A1(CYP1A1)表达的影响,以褐菖鲉(Sebasticus marmoratus)为实验材料,采用体内实验,研究其在经过不同浓度(0.1、1、10、20、50mg/kg鱼体重量)的BaP诱导后,鱼体肝脏研究CYP1A1基因表达的情况,筛选出后续时间-效应实验中BaP注射的最佳浓度,研究BaP诱导6h、12h、1d、3d、7d后(质量浓度为20mg/kg鱼体重量)鱼体肝脏CYP1A1酶活性、基因表达和蛋白表达的情况。结果表明:剂量-效应实验中,20mg/kg鱼体重量为最佳浓度,此浓度下,基因表达在各组中变化最显著。时间-效应实验中,较空白对照组而言,染毒6h、12h和1d后,EROD酶活性显著增加。3d后开始下降,与对照组相比变化不大,7d后酶活性又发生上调。半定量RT-PCR结果表明,各染毒组与对照组相比,CYP1A1基因表达量都发生了上调,呈现先上升后下降的趋势。其中,6h和12h组相对表达量极显著增加,1d后开始下降且与3d和7d组相比变化不明显。Western blot结果表明,蛋白表达量在染毒12h后表现出显著的诱导效应,随着时间的延长略有回落,但与对照组相比仍有显著性差异。研究表明:BaP对褐菖鲉CYP1A1具有较强的诱导作用。一定质量浓度的BaP注射于褐菖鲉不同的时间后,能诱导褐菖鲉活体EROD酶活性、CYP1A1基因m RNA表达及蛋白表达,并随着时间的延长呈现先诱导后抑制的趋势。这说明BaP作为诱导剂对CYP1A1酶活性和蛋白表达的作用机制可能与调控CYP1A1的转录水平有关。     

基于平均分组和叠加相关的GPS信号捕获方法

针对目前GPS软件接收机C/A码捕获信噪比门限高、捕获速度慢的问题,提出一种基于平均分组和叠加相关的GPS弱信号捕获方法。首先,基于平均相关处理技术降低C/A码捕获过程中的自相关损耗,提高对微弱信号的捕获能力;然后,利用叠加相关提高相干运算的运算效率,并采用线性插值提高自相关函数性能;最后,利用频偏校正和内插进一步提高C/A信号的捕获精度。理论分析和仿真实验均验证,该方法能够在较低的信噪比下实现GPS信号捕获,且精度较高、运算量较低。     

甘草和连翘对牙鲆CYP3A 活性影响的研究

研究甘草(Glycyrrhiza uralensis)和连翘(Forsythia suspensa)对牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)肝细胞色素P4503A(CYP3A)活性的影响。将牙鲆随机分为3组,即对照组、甘草组和连翘组,对照组每日口灌0.9%的生理盐水,试验组每日1次口灌甘草30 mg/kg和连翘100 mg/kg,连续口灌6 d,第7天时,采用直接测定法和间接测定法(探针药物)进行CYP3A酶活性的测定。结果显示:在肝微粒体水平上,甘草和连翘均可明显提高红霉素-N-脱甲基酶活性,分别提高了1.79倍、4.87倍。与对照组相比,甘草组和连翘组氨苯砜的半衰期分别降低了4.51%(P0.05)和36.8%(P0.01);药时曲线下面积分别减小了8.28%(P0.05)和32.3%(P0.01);总清除率分别增加了5.63%(P0.05)和99.3%(P0.01)。说明连翘对牙鲆CYP3A的活性具有极显著诱导作用,甘草诱导作用不显著。提示其他药物与连翘合用时,其有效性和安全性可能会受到影响。     

基于TCP-InSAR的采动区铁路动态沉降监测与时序分析

为高效获取采动区长时间序列形变,监控煤炭开采对矿区铁路的影响,研究一种基于TCP-InSAR(temporarily coherent point interferometric synthetic aperture radar)的采动区铁路形变监测方法。该方法根据时间序列SAR影像间的相干性,选取临时相干点构建Delaunay三角网,并通过离群值探测去除具有相位模糊度的TCP间的弧段,最后采用最小二乘解算得到区域地表变形。实验使用2016-10～2017-04时间段内的15景Sentinel-1A数据,利用TCP-InSAR技术获得某矿区的铁路形变。结果表明,受采动影响,该时间段内铁路最大下沉值为95mm,最大倾斜坡度为0.37‰。利用TCP-InSAR技术可实现采动区内铁路长时间的动态形变监测。     

Immunotoxicity effect of benzo[α]pyrene on scallop Chlamys farreri

The toxic effects of benzo[α]pyrene (B[α]P) at different concentrations (0.1, 0.5, 1, 2.5 and 7.5 μgL⁻¹) on scallop (Chlamy farreri) immune system were studied. The results showed that B[α]P had significant toxic effects on the haemocyte counts, neutral red uptake, phagocytosis, bacteriolytic and antibacterial activity (P<0.05), while the seawater control and acetone control had no significant differences. The haemocyte counts, neutral red uptake, phagocytosis and bacteriolytic activity in all B[α]P treatment groups as well as antibacterial activity in groups of 0.5, 1, 2.5 and 7.5 μgL⁻¹ B[α]P decreased significantly (P<0.05). Some of these indices tended to be stable on the sixth day and others on the ninth day, and the indices showed clear time- and concentration-response to B[α]P. Bacteriolytic activity in 0.1μgL⁻¹ B[α]P treatment group and antibacterial activity in 0.1 μgL⁻¹ and 0.5 μgL- B[α]P treatment groups increased at the beginning of exposure and reached their peaks on day 1 and day 6, respectively. Following that, both activities decreased gradually and became stable after day 9. When all the indices reached stability, they were significantly lower than those in control group (P<0.05), except for antibacterial activity in 0.1 μgL⁻¹ B[α]P treatment group (P>0.05). Thus, B[α] has evident toxic effects on scallop immune system, which supports the view that a relationship exists between pollution and immunomodulation in aquatic organisms.