北武夷篁碧矿区逆冲推覆构造及其与钼、铅-锌成矿作用关系

北武夷篁碧矿区出露走向北北东、倾向北西西的逆冲推覆构造。野外观察表明,推覆构造在形成过程中一方面错断了先期形成的辉钼矿（体）,另一方面其派生的北西西向张裂隙又控制了晚期铅锌矿体的分布。结合辉钼矿Re-Os同位素年龄（154Ma）、赋矿火山岩的SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄（138Ma,131Ma）和主要推覆构造断裂带中钾...     

The invasion of the intertidal canopy-forming alga Fucus serratus L. to southwestern Iceland: Possible community effects

The intertidal serrated wrack, Fucus serratus L. (Fucales: Phaeophyceae), has become an abundant canopy-forming alga along a ca. 100 km stretch of shore in southwestern Iceland in the last century. Its distribution has not changed noticeably since a survey in 1975/1976. Many experimental studies have shown that canopy-forming algae can have profound effects on the community structure. Although such experiments involving F. serratus are few it was decided to test predictions from these experiments on a geographical scale by comparing community compositions within the area where F. serratus is a dominant algae (since at least 1975/1976) with an adjacent area of similar size where F. serratus is absent (with a single exception without consequences). The work is based on measurements on some 372 stations in the F. serratus area, termed region A, and 227 stations from the F. serratus-free area, termed region B. Percentage cover of algae and sessile invertebrates was estimated on 2 m² on each station and animals collected from 800 cm² from each station. The vertical distribution of F. serratus was most similar to that of Fucus distichus and the two species often grew intermingled on the lower part of the shore. F. serratus appeared to have reduced the cover of F. distichus in the lowermost part of the shore, while having little or no effect on other canopy-forming species. The low abundance of Semibalanus balanoides in the F. serratus area (region A) is in line with experiments showing detrimental effect on this barnacle by whiplash of F. serratus. In general algal grazers were more abundant in region A, consistent with the greater attractiveness of F. serratus than other canopy-forming species to grazers, although this may be partly explained by the abundance of understorey algae in region A.     

Tidal and residual circulations in coupled restricted and leaky lagoons

Finite element numerical modelling based on field data is used to study the tidal and tidally induced residual circulation dynamics of a coupled “restricted” and “leaky” coastal lagoon system located in the Magdalen Islands, Gulf of Saint-Lawrence. Havre-aux-Maisons Lagoon (HML) is of a “restricted” nature with a neutral inlet in terms of tidal asymmetry. Grande-Entrée Lagoon (GEL) is of a “leaky” nature with a marked ebb dominance at the inlet due to direct interactions between the main astronomical tidal constituents. The imbalance caused by the different tidal filtering characteristics of both inlets combines with the internal morphological asymmetries of the system to produce a residual throughflow from HML to GEL. The residual circulation is also characterized by strongest values at both inlets, very weak residual currents in HML deep basin and a dipole of residual eddies over the deeper areas of GEL. Further investigations including numerical tracer experiments will be necessary to achieve a full understanding of the long term circulation of this lagoonal system.     

青藏高原盐湖硼、锂同位素变化规律及其对当雄错盐湖资源评价应用

近年,硼、锂同位素地球化学理论和分馏机理的深入,为盐湖体系硼、锂同位素示踪奠定了基础。基于现有大量研究数据,文章系统归纳盐湖体系硼、锂同位素分馏变化特征,总结盐湖演化过程硼、锂同位素组成的变化规律,建立它们的示踪方法。并以此为基础,对西藏典型富硼、锂盐湖−当雄错开展了硼同位素示踪,解决了当雄错与其物源硼同位素特征不符的难题,提出当雄错湖底蕴含大型硼、锂矿床的新认识,并预测了湖底的硼、锂资源量。根据盐湖体系硼、锂同位素地球化学特征,揭示了溶蚀湖的盐湖资源评价意义,为盐湖体系硼、锂同位素示踪和盐湖资源评价奠定理论基础。此外,借助硼同位素地球化学手段建立的当雄错“围岩−地热水−盐湖”的物源补给模式在西藏和全球具有普遍性。     

准噶尔盆地东部的前晚奥陶世陆壳基底——来自盆地东北缘老君庙变质岩的证据

出露在准噶尔盆地东北缘的老君庙变质岩 , 主要由绿片岩相的石英片岩构成 , 其上残存含前泥盆纪床板珊瑚和海百合茎化石的大理岩。对石英片岩中的白云母进行的4 0 Ar/ 39Ar定年 , 获得了 (4 6 1.5± 0 .2 ) Ma的坪年龄和 (4 6 2 .0± 4 .1) Ma等时线年龄 , 表明该变质岩的变质时代不晚于中奥陶世晚期 , 准噶尔盆地东部具有前晚奥陶世的陆壳基底。结合区域地质资料 , 推测准噶尔盆地的基底主体是古生代期间的陆块。     

激光质谱测定南极乔治王岛北海岸A635玄武岩微区~(40)Ar-~(39)Ar的等时年龄

采用连续激光直接对岩石光片样品微区熔样,以高灵敏度、高精确度的质谱计测试,对南极乔治王岛玄武岩样品进行（４０）Ａｒ－（３９）Ａｒ法定年,取得了成功。样品置反应堆中心Ｅ－５孔道,以１．８×１０（１８）ｎ／ｃｍ２的快中子总通量照射,时间为５０ｈ,放射性冷却后进行测定。样品的加热源为自行设计的Ｎｄ：ＹＡＧ固体激光器,以Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ准激光器导光。测定中对４个２５０μｍ直径的微区分别在１５００℃高温熔融,经Ｚｒ－Ａｌ泵纯化的气体用ＭＭ１２００质谱计测量氩同位素各峰值。经计算得到该样品的等时年龄为５２．４±１．１Ｍａ,远远低于江个点的视年龄值,而（（４０）Ａｒ／（３６）Ａｒ）＞＞２９５．５。这不仅证明该样品含有过剩氩,同时也证明了由Ｋ－Ａｒ稀释法得到的偏高年龄值亦是样品中存在过剩氩造成的。激光微区等时年龄的获得进一步厘定了南极乔治王岛北海岸火山岩时代为第三纪,同时证明了我们建立的激光质谱微区、微粒熔样和测定技术是可行的和成功的。     

桑干地区高压麻粒岩中石榴石和斜长石的连续激光探针~(40)Ar~-~(39)Ar等时年龄及其地质意义

采用微区激光探针４０Ａｒ－３９Ａｒ定年方法, 对华北桑干地区高压基性麻粒岩中变质石榴石和斜长石直接进行了原位微区年代测定。石榴石变斑晶是高压麻粒岩相变质作用形成的矿物,石榴石周围后成合晶反应边组合中的斜长石是石榴石减压分解的产物。石榴石斑晶的４０Ａｒ－３９Ａｒ等时线年龄为２５１０ Ｍａ, 证明高压变质作用发生在太古宙末。斜长石４０Ａｒ－３９Ａｒ等时线年龄为１９６８Ｍａ, 代表石榴石在中压麻粒岩相条件下分解的时代。它们之间年龄相差大于５００Ｍａ, 说明高压麻粒岩可能没有经历近等温减压的ＰＴ轨迹。后成合晶组合很可能代表中压麻粒岩相变质作用的叠加。这一结果对探讨华北克拉通桑干地区早期地壳的构造演化具有重要意义。     

青藏高原西部的抬升速率：叶城—狮泉河花岗岩^40Ar—^39Ar年龄的地质解释

通过对叶城－狮泉河剖面花岗岩中黑云母４０Ａｒ－３９Ａｒ法年龄研究,获得西昆仑北岩带库地岩体海拔高度２９５０ｍ和２８５０ｍ黑云母的封闭年龄分别为３９６．９Ｍａ和３８８．９Ｍａ,西昆仑南岩带塔西土路克、三十里营房和奇台大坂岩体黑云母的封闭年龄为１９５．８～１８３．９Ｍａ,班公湖－喀喇昆仑北岩带日土岩体黑云母封闭年龄为８０．３～７９．６Ｍａ,其时代分别为加里东期、印支期和燕山晚期。年龄结果表明,同一岩体海拔高的黑云母封闭年龄大于海拔低的黑云母封闭年龄,根据海拔高程差和坪年龄差计算出岩体的抬升速率,表明青藏高原西部从加里东期到燕山晚期,隆起速度有增大的趋势,而且具脉动性。     

浙江省陈蔡群的^40Ar—^39Ar年龄与变质年代

本文对陈蔡群变质岩进行了４０Ａｒ－３９Ａｒ年龄测定。其中在诸暨陈蔡测得的４１５．１Ｍａ的坪年龄代表了主变质晚期的冷却年代。采自义乌尚阳的样品受燕山期火山活动影响有明显的氩丢失,与主变质有关的年龄亦明显降低,仅３１５．３Ｍａ。在龙泉东书获得的年龄谱和当地广泛发育的混合岩化作用有关,２７６．９Ｍａ的坪年龄为这次热事件的冷却年代。根据对现有年代资料的讨论,可以认为不同衰变体系记录了陈蔡群主变质事件的演化。Ｒｂ－Ｓｒ体系在变质早中期实现均匀化,年龄值为５５２．４～６６０．６Ｍａ。锆石、磷灰石在变质高峰期形成的铅丢失年龄为５０８,４～５７８Ｍａ。上述资料表明陈蔡群主变质年代属加里东期。