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991.
为了解天津蓟县长城系串岭沟组地层中混层粘土矿物的组成和结构特征, 利用X射线粉晶衍射(XRD) 和高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM) 对其进行了深入研究.通过对比该区粘土矿物的自然干燥片、Ca离子饱和片、Ca饱和的乙二醇膨胀片、加热到375℃和550℃的乙二醇膨胀片获取的XRD衍射峰, 确定该区混层粘土矿物为伊利石/蒙脱石(I/S) 不规则混层矿物和绿泥石/蒙脱石(Chl/S) 不规则混层矿物.从高分辨透射电镜观察到I/S规则及不规则混层的晶格条纹像以及Chl/S不规则混层的晶格条纹像, 揭示了该区I/S混层和Chl/S混层的层间堆跺结构特征.该研究为蓟县中元古界典型剖面提供了重要的混层粘土矿物的结构信息. 相似文献
992.
Seasonal and spatial characteristics of seawater and sediment at Youngil Bay, southeast coast of Korea 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The seasonal geochemical characteristics of the seawater and sediments and the major factors causing heavy metal contamination were investigated at the Youngil bay and the Hyungsan river estuary in the Southeast Coast of Korea, where a world-scale steel-industry complex (Pohang iron and steel industrial complex, POSCO) is located. The seasonal and spatial distribution characteristics of temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, and nutrients of the seawater were studied at 45 fixed stations, especially focusing on the river mouth area. Sediments at 27 stations were examined during winter and summer to determine the major controlling factors for the distribution of metals, using correlation matrix and R-mode factor analyses, and to evaluate the pollution status, using the modified geoaccumulation (I(geo)(')) index. Temperatures for the effluent from the POSCO located at the Hyungsan river mouth were 2-3 degrees C higher compared to other sampling areas, due to the thermal discharge from the POSCO. The DO concentration of the surface water at the Pohang old port was as low as 2-4 mg/L. In spring, the DO value at the Hyungsan river mouth was higher than 12 mg/L, by the mass multiplication of phytoplanktons at the river mouth where seawater temperature and nutrients concentrations were relatively high, resulting in the pH value of higher than 8.3. The nitrogen to phosphorus (N/P) ratios at the river mouth were 20-150 times higher compared to other areas, implying that the nitrogen loading into this semi-enclosed bay is significantly higher than phosphorus and the major nitrogen sources are not only the domestic sewage from the city but the industrial wastewater from the POSCO and other steel factories nearby. The phosphorus concentrations at the Pohang old port were shown 3-10 times higher than those at other stations, due to the inflow of pollutants generated from the nearby ships anchoring and the release of phosphate from the bottom sediment. Results from the sediment analysis showed that the major controlling factors for the distribution pattern of each metal are grain size and organic carbon (C(org)) content. Based on the factor analysis, Al, Fe, Cr, Li, and Pb were shown strongly correlated with the mean grain size (Mz), whereas Cd, Cu, Zn, and Sn with the C(org) content. Results from the fractionation of the sedimentary metals into lattice and labile fractions to characterize the mobility of sediment metals showed that the mineral lattice fraction was high in the order of Al=K>Cr>Li>Sr>Fe, while the labile fraction, which might be released to the overlying water, was in the order of Pb>Zn>Cd>Cu>Ca>Sn. Evaluation of the sediment pollution status by applying (I(geo)(')) of 13 metals showed Cd, Cu, and Zn as high as 1-3 range at the old port. Even though the overall marine pollution mainly by the world-class steel industrial complex in this semi-enclosed bay area studied does not currently pose a serious threat, due to the seawater circulation and the large influx of river discharge, the countermeasures to implement the sediments concentrated with heavy metals, especially at the old port with no seawater circulation, are still warranted for this coastal water environment. 相似文献
993.
Concentrations of P and of heavy metals (Zn, Cd, Pb, Cu) were determined in sediment cores from the Peel-Harvey Estuary in Western Australia. Two cores were extracted, each representing one of the two basins of the estuary. Sediments were dated by surplus210Pb, by137Cs and by changes in the Fe/S ratio. Increasing exports of P from the mainly agricultural catchments have resulted in more than a doubling of both total P and acid extractable inorganic P in sediments of the estuary. Accumulation of P in the estuary is less than expected for complete retention of inputs of P from the major tributaries. Historical data show that since 1950 average concentrations of dissolved inorganic P have approximately doubled in the Peel Inlet and increased by times seven in the Harvey Estuary. Increases in concentrations in surface sediments of acid extractable Zn, Cd, Pb and Cu are noticeable in the Peel Inlet, and of Zn and Cd in the Harvey Estuary. The greatest increase, relative to background, is shown by Zn. Concentrations of extractable Zn and Cd in surface sediments are similar to those estimated from average concentrations in the water column for equilibrium adsorption to organic matter in sediments. Extractable Pb is greater than estimated for equilibrium adsorption to sediments. Extractable Cu is of the order of what can be expected for equilibrium adsorption to sediments in the Peel Inlet, but is less than expected in the Harvey Estuary. 相似文献
994.
本文结合生产实践介绍了数字化专题地图设计与制作的方法、数据获取途径及相关的理论知识。并提出个人见解以供探讨。 相似文献
995.
996.
新疆可可塔勒金与多金属矿带成矿演化 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
海西早期,西伯利亚板块南缘拉张沉降带NW向断裂控制着 麦兹、克朗火山沉积盆地及可可塔勒矿带海相火山喷流沉积型铁铅锌铜矿床。矿床形成顺序为蒙库铁矿、可可塔勒铅锌矿、铁木尔特铅锌矿和后期断裂作用形成的萨热阔布金矿。与铁矿床有关的黄铁矿硫同位素组成显示硫和矿质来自深部岩浆源,铅锌铜矿硫同位素分为两组,一组富轻硫,δ34S最低为-27.96‰(范围-27.961‰~-5.400‰),另一组δ34S均值接近于0‰(范围-3.360‰~+5.100‰),硫同位素及流体包裹体资料表明有两种成矿流体,一种为海水深循环热液;另一种为火山岩浆热液。断裂构造、盆地、火山活动和流体演化决定了矿带成矿系列演化。 相似文献
997.
This paper points out two numerical problems linked to the resolution of compositional multiphase flow models for porous media
with the finite‐volume technique. In particular, we consider fluid mixtures featuring fast mass transfers between the phases,
hence stiff. In this context, we show how the computation of mass exchange kinetics can be expensive and that erroneous saturation
front locations arise. A numerical splitting method is developed which is proven to be stable with advection‐type time steps,
whatever the stiffness of the mass transfer. The erroneous front location problem is illustrated and shown to be intrinsically
linked to the numerical diffusion. If we assume that the fluids are in thermodynamical equilibrium, we find that spurious
solutions can be avoided by deriving and solving a new uncoupled hyperbolic equation for the saturation.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
998.
999.
牙鲆幼鱼对n-3高度不饱和脂肪酸的吸收及与生长关系的初步研究 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:8
于1996年9-10月在中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所小麦岛实验基地,采用人工投喂的方法,给牙鲆幼鱼投喂含不同含量n-3高度不饱和脂肪酸(n-3HUFA)的人工饵料,研究牙鲆幼鱼对饵料中n-3HUFA的消化、吸收以及n-3HUFA的含量与日增重率、饵料效率的关系。结果表明,在饵料中添加0.60%—2.40%的n-3HUFA可有效提高牙鲆幼鱼的日增重率和饵料效率;肝脏中n-3HUFA的含量与饵料中n-3HUFA(尤其是DHA)的含量成正比;牙鲆幼鱼对饵料中n-3HUFA的表观消化吸收率随其含量的增加呈下降趋势。 相似文献
1000.