Influence analysis of gaseous absorption on “HY-1A” CZI data processing Simulation and correction for Rayleigh scattering

Besides ozone, oxygen and water vapour should be considered for their absorptive effects on ＂HY--1A＂ CZI data processing. First ,gaseous transmittances under various conditions are computed and analyzed for the band settings of this sensor. Second, transmittances under six standard atmospheres are approximated as functions of zenith angle, the water vapour transmittance is approximated as a function of water vapour content and zenith angle, and the ozone transmittance is approximated as a function of ozone content and zenith angle. Finally, taking Rayleigh scattering as an example, the influence of ignoring gaseous absorption when calculating TOA reflectance is analyzed, and the effect of applying the presented transmittance approximations to gaseous absorption correction for Rayleigh scattering in ＂HY--1A＂ CZI data processing is evaluated.     

Decline of Pseudodiaptomus hessei (Copepoda, Calanoida) in two water bodies located in the Senegal River hydrosystem (West Africa): Hypotheses and perspectives

Pseudodiaptomus hessei is a key species in many water bodies in the Senegal River hydrosystem but it became rare or completely disappeared from two ecosystems (Lake Guiers and Dakar Bango Reservoir; Senegal, West Africa) after major hydrological changes caused by human action, mainly impoundments on the river in 1985, and the opening of a new estuary mouth in 2003. Kâ et al. [Kâ, S., Pagano, M., Ba, N., Bouvy, M., Leboulanger, C., Arfi, R., Thiaw, O.T., Ndour, E.H.M., Corbin, D., Defaye, D., Cuoc, C., Kouassi, E., 2006. Zooplankton distribution related to environmental factors and phytoplankton in a shallow tropical lake (Lake Guiers, Senegal, West Africa). International Review of Hydrobiology 91(5), 389–405] put forward several hypotheses to explain the reasons for this decline: salinity and chemical changes in the water, predation by a cyclopid predator Mesocyclops ogunnus and/or the inhibiting effects of cyanobacteria and/or diatoms (allelopathy). This study assessed these hypotheses by studying the distribution of P. hessei in 13 stations (including the Dakar Bango reservoir and Lake Guiers) in relation to physical, chemical and biological (phyto- and zooplanktons) factors at each station. We produced a distribution pattern for this species in the Senegal River hydrosystem. Rank correlations and principal component analysis showed that P. hessei was not correlated with conductivity but was positively correlated with pH and alkalinity, suggesting chemical effects. The clear association with two filamentous cyanobacteria (Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii and Anabaena sp.) did not appear to support the hypothesis of cyanobacteria inhibition but blooming conditions were never encountered during the study. Negative correlation with diatoms (especially with Fragilaria sp.) suggested that aldehyde producing diatoms had a negative effect. Negative correlations with cyclopids such as Mesocyclops supported the hypothesis of cyclopid predation to explain the decline of P. hessei. This study proposes several lines of research for future studies to test these hypotheses.     

基于C/S的矿产资源开发储量管理信息系统的研发

为实现矿产资源储量管理网络实时查询功能,在目前国土资源部金土工程的储量管理软件的基础上,开发出了"基于C/S的矿产资源开发储量管理信息系统".该系统采用了结构化的程序设计方法,操作系统平台采用了MS Windows系统,程序开发平台采用了Borland公司Delphi,数据库的查询语言采用标准SQL查询语言,主要实现了矿产资源开发和储量数据的综合查询和汇总功能.     

川纹笛鲷消化道优势菌群PCR-DGGE指纹图谱比较分析

采用免培养的16S rDNA梯度凝胶电泳技术（DGGE）对集约化海水网箱养殖川纹笛鲷（Lutjanus sebae）的消化道胃壁、胃内容物、肠壁、肠内容物优势菌群结构进行了比较分析。研究结果显示,川纹笛鲷消化道存在着丰富多样的细菌群落,对DGGE指纹图谱聚类分析表明菌群组成相似度高于55％,其中胃内容物及胃壁细菌组成相似度最高（90％）,这可能与摄食饵料在消化道推移有关;而胃壁与肠壁相似度相对最差,可能反应了由于生理环境不同引起的宿主差异性。通过建立川纹笛鲷消化道16S rDNA-DGGE指纹图谱及比较分析,为澄清川纹笛鲷消化道微生物区系奠定了基础。     

Effects of diet and body size on phosphorus utilization of Liza haematocheila T. ＆ S.

A 21-d laboratory experiment was conducted to study, the phosphorus （P） utilization of two different diets by redlip mullet Liza haematocheila T. ＆ S. Sand-filtered water in salinity 30 and temperatare 25℃ was used. Twenty-nine fish individuals were divided into three groups： 11 to group 1 （G1） fed on diet 1, 11 to group 2 （G2） fed on diet 2, and 7 to contrast group. Diet 1 was a commercial feed, more valuable in nutrition than diet 2 that similar to natural detritus. The results show the intake phosphorus （IP） of G1 was significantly higher than that of G2, and both increased linearly with body size at a certain amount of diet. The retention phosphorus （RP） in fish of G1 was lower than G2. The relationship between retention phosphorus and body size was positive and stronger in G2. Significant difference in faecal phosphorus （FP） was found between G1 and G2. Body size significantly impacted the excretion phosphorus （EP） in G1 but G2. The loss of intake phosphorus in G1 was 10.83-20.27 mg per g fish weight gain, higher than that in G2 for 6.63-9.56. Of the phosphorus, about 10% was allocated into growth, 50% in faeces, and the rest lost in excretion. The main part of phosphorus was lost in faeces but excretion. The phosphorus budget of the fish could be described as 100IP = 7.40RP ＋ 47.39FP ＋ 36.63EP （Diet 1） or 100IP = 11.93RP ＋ 56.64FP ＋ 21.76EP （Diet 2）.     

以“3S”集成技术为基础的“LBS”极地应用研究

分析了极地环境特点,并根据极地的基本情况确定极地位置服务(LBS)的系统架构,详细介绍了在极地位置服务中所用到的技术内容及技术特点,主要包括车辆和人员的监控技术、基于PDA的定位技术及极地的通讯技术等.     

3S技术支持下的小型遗址提取方法

针对仅利用地物光谱分析方法不能识别某些小型遗址的现状,提出基于地物空间关系知识,多源信息复合提取遗址的思路获取目标信息。以安徽省巢湖柘皋地区为例,利用SPOT-5卫星影像和地形图数据,综合运用3S技术进行小型遗址信息提取研究。经过和巢湖文管部门普查记录对比,证明了该方法有效性。该方法可缩小遗址探查范围,为考古普查工作节约大量时间、人力和物力。     

3S技术在堰塞湖应急治理中的应用研究

以四川堰塞湖为例,首先阐述了3S技术的特点、项目实施基本指标和项目作业技术系统;其次重点叙述了3S技术在项目实施中的技术流程,包括资料收集、地形图矢量化、矢量数据空间分析、TM遥感影像处理、野外调查建立解译标志、遥感解译、土壤侵蚀强度计算、解译成果野外校核、数据库集成等步骤.最后列举了如何利用3S技术解决危情作出的贡献.     

浅谈信息化测绘在土地利用与管理中的应用

当今社会,土地的利用与管理工作与人们的日常生活密切相关,小到居民住房的购买,大到国家的土地利用总体规划,其工作成效直接影响着人民生活的安居乐业和国家的长治久安。随着测绘相关技术的日臻完善,我国的测绘体系经历了由传统测绘向数字化测绘的转变,目前正在向信息化测绘过渡。信息化测绘是测绘行业发展的必然趋势,其高效的作业模式必然会给土地的利用和管理提供巨大的便利。首先介绍了信息化测绘的内涵及技术体系,然后探讨了信息化测绘技术在土地利用和管理中的应用,最后对信息化测绘技术在土地利用与管理上的发展前景进行了展望。     

现代测绘与数字地球──迎接21世纪的挑战

本文简要介绍了现代测绘性质、作用、地位及本学科的发展方向;较为详细叙述了现代测绘的主要技术的发展状况及 ３Ｓ集成的广阔应用前景;简述了数字地球的概念及其主要支撑技术、与现代测绘关系,及现代测绘的主要任务;在迎接２１世纪的挑战中,提出一些建议,供研究参考。