台地峡谷话沧桑

凤凰,被誉为中国最美的小城,以原始古朴的风貌吸引无数游客纷至沓来.在县域西部,是一大片起伏绵延、历史古老的台原,凤凰国家地质公园就坐落在这片山地中.     

Habitat range of two alpine medicinal plants in a trans-Himalayan dry valley, Central Nepal

Understanding of the habitat range of threatened Himalayan medicinal plants which are declining in their abundance due to high anthropogenic disturbances is essential for developing conservation strategies and agrotechnologies for cultivation. In this communication, we have discussed the habitat range of two alpine medicinal plants, Aconitum naviculare （Bruehl） Stapf and Neopicrorhiza scrophulariiflora （Pennel） Hong in a trans-Himalayan dry valley of central Nepal, Manang district. They are the most prioritized medicinal plants of the study area in terms of ethnomedicinal uses. A. naviculare occurs on warm and dry south facing slopes between 4090-4650 m asl along with sclerophyllous and thorny alpine scrubs, while N. scrophulariiflora is exclusively found on cool and moist north facing slope between 4000 and 4400 m asl where adequate water is available from snow melt to create a suitable habitat for this wetland dependent species. The soil in rooting zone of the two plants differs significantly in organic carbon （OC）, organic matter （OM）, total nitrogen （N） and carbon to nitrogen （C/N） ratio. Due to cool and moist condition of N. scrophulariiflora habitat, accumulation of soil OC is higher, but soil N content is lower probably due to slow release from litter, higher leaching loss and greater retention in perennial live biomass of the plant. The C/N ratio of soil is more suitable in A. navuculare habitat than that of N scrophulariiflora for N supply. Warm and sunny site with N rich soil can be suitable for cultivation ofA. naviculare, while moist and cool site with organic soil for N. scrophulariiflora. The populations of both the plants are fragmented and small. Due to collection by human and trampling damage by livestock, the population of A. naviculare was found absent in open areas in five of the six sampling sites and it was confined only within the bushes of alpine scrubs. For N. serophulariiflora, high probability of complete receding of small glaeiers may be a new threat in future to its habitat. The information about habitat conditions, together with the information from other areas, ean be useful to identify potential habitats and plan for cultivation or domestication of the two medieinal plants.     

意大利陆缘海底峡谷内小规模周期性滑坡对人类的影响扩大

意大利陆缘是中地中海构造活动强烈、复杂的地段,地貌演化非常迅速。沿意大利陆缘,火山活动、断裂活动以及陆坡失稳等地质作用活动频繁,是有人类居住、活动的,具有潜在地质灾害的地区。因此,阐明那些在海底可见的并与地质灾害有关的地质特征是海洋地质领域重要的内容之一。     

高山徒步，行走阿尔卑斯

刺目的阳光下,群山在眼底一览见余,这里就是阿尔卑斯山脉的心脏地区。雪峰林立,沟壑纵横,一条条冰川冰雪巨蟒在海拔上驰骋;海拔两千米以下,可见到一片片绿色的高山牧场,蓝包的高山湖泊点缀在其中,想必那湖畔草地上一定是野花绚烂、牛羊成群;     

Submarine canyons on the north of Chiwei Island:influenced by recent extension of the southern Okinawa Trough

Based on new multibeam bathymetric data and about 300 km long single seismic profiles, three topographic units were identified： the canyons, fractural valley and submarine terrace on the north of Chiwei Island where is a structural transition zone between the southern trough and the middle trough. The Chiwei Canyon and the North Chiwei Canyon are two of the largest canyons in the East China Sea （ECS） slope. Topographic features and architectures of them are described. The study shows that both of them are originated along faults. The evolution and spatial distribution of topographic units in the study area are controlled mainly by three groups of faults which were formed and reactive in the recent extensional phase of Okinawa Trough. The Chiwei Canyon was initia- ted during the middle Pleistocene and guided by F4 that is a N--S trending fault on the slope and F1, a large NW--SE trending fault on the trough. The pathway migration from the remnant channel to the present one of Chiwei Canyon is the result of uplift of tilted fault block that is coupled to the recent extension movements of the southern trough. The submarine terrace is detached from the ECS slope by the NEE -trending fault. The North Chiwei Canyon, developing during the late Pleistocene, is guided by FS, a N-S trending fault, diverted and blocked by the submarine terrace.     

云南：立法保护湿地资源

云南省人大常委会近日出台条例,对昭通大山包自然区湿地资源实行有效保护和合理开发利用。大山包自然区位于滇东北距昭通市区80余公里处,3000公顷面积内分布有数千亩高山湖泊、19万亩高山草甸、19处适宜涉禽鸟类栖息觅食的高原湿地,被列入国际重要湿地名单。条例规定,建立大山包湿地专门保护机构,制定整体规划和具体实施办法。加大湿地保护力度,有计划地实施退耕还林还草,开展地质灾害、     

Submarine canyons on the north of Chiwei Island: influenced by recent extension of the southern Okinawa Trough

Based on new multibeam bathymetric data and about 300 km long single seismic profiles, three topographic units were identified:the canyons, fractural valley and submarine terrace on the north of Chiwei Island where is a structural transition zone between the southern trough and the middle trough. The Chiwei Canyon and the North Chiwei Canyon are two of the largest canyons in the East China Sea (ECS) slope. Topographic features and architectures of them are described. The study shows that both of them are originated along faults. The evolution and spatial distribution of topographic units in the study area are controlled mainly by three groups of faults which were formed and reactive in the recent extensional phase of Okinawa Trough. The Chiwei Canyon was initiated during the middle Pleistocene and guided by F4 that is a N-S trending fault on the slope and F1, a large NW-SE trending fault on the trough. The pathway migration from the remnant channel to the present one of Chiwei Canyon is the result of uplift of tilted fault block that is coupled to the recent extension movements of the southern trough. The submarine terrace is detached from the ECS slope by the NEE-trending fault. The North Chiwei Canyon, developing during the late Pleistocene, is guided by F5, a N-S trending fault, diverted and blocked by the submarine terrace.     

从阶地砾石的统计特征看保德至克虎段河流演化

通过对保德至克虎段不同地点砾石的岩性、粒径和产状的野外统计与测量,并对不同地点和不同阶地上砾石的岩性、粒径和产状进行对比,发现同一地区不同阶地砾石岩性具有很好的相似性,不同地区同一阶地砾石中灰岩砾石成分从上游向下游由主导成分变为次要成分,灰岩砾石粒径也从大变小,反映该区砾石为南北向古黄河冲积物。由于较老的一套砾石层为晚第三系红粘土所覆盖,说明黄河至少在晚第三纪已经在该区已形成。     

小气候、雪盖及土壤湿度对高山生态系统功能的影响

1 Introduction High mountain landscapes above the tree-line are often regarded as close to nature, although human impact has obviously changed the environment, partly exceeding its carrying capac- ity (L?ffler, 2000). Due to their fragility regarding expected environmental changes and an increasing land use pressure in many regions, high mountain landscapes recently became a major focus within the discussion on a sustainable development in a worldwide (Messerli and Ives, 1997), and regional p…