兰坪-思茅盆地与呵叻高原钾盐矿床综合对比

云南兰坪—思茅盆地与泰国-老挝呵叻高原处于同一构造带,两者在钾盐成矿及成因各方面都有着很大的相似性。通过对兰坪—思茅盆地与呵叻高原成矿地质背景、成盐时代、成盐物源和环境、沉积和地球化学特征等多方面对比分析,系统阐述了二者的异同,重点强调了存在的差异性,提出了一些今后开展工作的意见和建议。     

青南高原西部砂金成矿条件分析

青南高原西部,处于柴达木准地台与松潘—甘孜印支褶皱系衔接部位。属于青藏高原北部的可可西里地区,平均海拔4800—5000m,属高寒荒漠干旱气候区。由昆仑山大起伏高山区及江河源高海拔波状平原区组成二级地貌区。通过对该区近代砂金矿形成的物质来源、新构造运动、地貌、气候、水动力条件及供源条件进行分析,认为该区砂金矿床的规模以及砂金找矿的前景并非如人们估计的那样乐观。     

中国湖泊的现状和开发途径

湖泊是国土资源的重要组成部分,由于它具有供水、航运、水产、发电、灌溉、旅游、防洪以及调控环境等多项功能,近古时代,我们的祖先就已选择了这些地方,在其周围生息演进。     

湖泊水生生物在人为富营养化因素影响下的变化

一、前言在本世纪三十至四十年代,生物生产力和水域营养评价方面的研究,还只是少数湖泊学者和水生生物学者感兴趣的课题。湖泊营养评价的研究只是在渔业范围,或者是为了类型分类的需要而进行的。湖泊发展的历史表明:在湖泊演化期间通常发生营养水平的提高;水域由贫营养型转变至中营养型及富营养型。这个过程发展很缓慢,并且在每种具体情况下的发展速度又取决于湖泊的形态指标及其历史与地理特点。     

Energy flow in Branchiura sowerbyi （Oligochaeta： tubificidae） in a shallow macrophyte-dominated lake, Biandantang Lake

The energy flow of Branchiura sowerbyi was studied for the first time in China in a shallow macrophytic lake, Biandantang Lake, Hubei Province. The energy flow was calculated from the measurement of flesh production (12.5241kJ/m^2a), egestion (517.7302kJ/m^2a), metabolism (38.3273 kJ/m^2a), and excretion (4.3798kJ/m^2a). The net growth efficiency of the species is about 22.7%, which accords well with the generally reported value for oligochaetes. In addition, the relationship between starvation respiration (R, mgO2/ind‘d), wet weight (Ww, mg) and temperature (T, ℃) were also measured, with the regression function being R=0.008 Ww^0.736 e^0.050T.     

RELATIVE BRIGHTNESS INDEX AND IT‘S CLIMATIC SIGNIFICANCE FROM LACUSTRINE SEDIMENT OF NAPAHAI LAKE，NORTHWESTERN YUNNAN PLATEAU，CHINA

Information on the palaeoenvironment from Late Pleistocene to Holocene in northwestern Yannan Plateau has been deduced from a study of a 28.81m-long core taken from Napahai Lake.The results from Relative Brightness In-dex(RBI) as well as those from the lithological analyses of bulk sediments,total organic carbon and granulometric analy-ses have been used to reconstruct the environmental and climatic evolution of the area.The ages were provided by three ^14C datings.The record suggested a climate fluctuation between warm-dry and cool-wet from ca.57 to 32ka B.P.which led a shallowing and swamping of the lake.The water level again increased quickly at ca.32ka B.P.,reached itˊs peak during LGM(Last Glacial Maximum,ca.18-20kaB.P.)and remained relative high until ca.15kaB.P.The high wa-ter level at LGM is attributed to cold-wet conditions.The area experienced an abrupt and unstable climatic changes dur-ing the transition period form 15 to 10ka B.P.with a dominated littoral environment.Awarm-dry climate led to the contrac-tion of the lake during the Holocene and reed-swamps became dominant..After a minor wet-cool pulse during the Late Holocene,the modern climate became to be established.     

洱海的营养状态发展趋势的灰色预测

根据洱海多年（1990－1998）的几个主要富营养化指标的普适卡森指标TSIG值，建立了TSIG指数的灰色GM（1，1）预测模型，应用该模型对洱海1999－2004年的营养状态发展趋势进行了预测，此预测结果可为今后的治理提供一定的依据。     

Turbulence and Fossil Turbulence in Oceans and Lakes

Turbulence is defined as an eddy-like state of fluid motion where the inertial-vortex forces of the eddies are larger than any of the other forces that tend to damp the eddies out. Energy cascades of irrotational flows from large scales to small are non-turbulent, even if they supply energy to turbulence. Turbulent flows are rotational and cascade from small scales to large, with feedback. Viscous forces limit the smallest turbulent eddy size to the Kolmogorov scale. In stratified fluids, buoyancy forces limit large vertical overturns to the Ozmidov scale and convert the largest turbulent eddies into a unique class of saturated, non-propagating, internal waves, termed fossil-vorticity-turbulence. These waves have the same energy but different properties and spectral forms than the original turbulence patch. The Gibson (1980, 1986) theory of fossil turbulence applies universal similarity theories of turbulence and turbulent mixing to the vertical evolution of an isolated patch of turbulence in a stratified fluid as its growth is constrained and fossilized by buoyancy forces. Quantitative hydrodynamic-phase-diagrams (HPDs) from the theory are used to classify microstructure patches according to their hydrodynamic states. When analyzed in HPD space, previously published oceanic datasets showed their dominant microstructure patches are fossilized at large scales in all layers. Laboratory and field measurements suggested phytoplankton species with different swimming abilities adjust their growth strategies by pattern recognition of tur-bulence-fossil-turbulence dissipation and persistence times that predict survival-relevant surface layer sea changes. New data collected near a Honolulu waste-water outfall showed the small-to-large evolution of oceanic turbulence microstructure from active to fossil states, and revealed the ability of fossil-density-turbulence patches to absorb, and vertically radiate, internal wave energy, information, and enhanced turbulent-mixing-rates toward the sea surface so that the submerged waste-field could be detected from a space satellite (Bondur and Filatov, 2003).     

失色的陆地明珠--中国湖泊状况的思考

湖泊:陆地上较封闭的天然洼地中蓄积着停滞的或流动缓慢的水体。 湖泊有“天然水库” 的美誉。它不仅为江河大川调节洪枯,而且蕴藏着丰富的淡水资源。在全球约8万立方千米的淡水储量中,湖泊占据了0.26％。     

Shrinking and Drying up of Baiyangdian Lake Wetland： A Natural or Human Cause？

1 Introduction The sensitivity of ecosystems to global climate change is one of important issues for research. Many studies have indicated that wetland ecosystem is one of the most vulnerable systems (Brock and Van, 1992; Vourltis and Oechel, 1997; Burkeet, 2000; Lahmer et al., 2001; Zhang et al., 2001; Deng et al., 2003). The shrinking and drying up of wetlands in arid and semiarid areas of China have been widely observed in the recent years (Wang, 1990; Wang and Zhang, 1991; Jin, 1993; …