2004 年夏初、秋末长江口外海区冲淡水及羽状锋的盐度特征

用国家海洋局东海环境监测中心2004年夏初（6月）和秋末（11月）对长江口外海区现场观测资料,用Matlab计算机编程语言对观测资料进行质量控制、插值网格化,绘制研究海区盐度立体分布图,显示夏初、秋末两季的盐度分布特征。将2004年夏、秋两季长江口外海区冲淡水和羽状锋的分布与以往观测研究结果对比,可得：（1）长江口外海区冲淡水的盐度值主要在5—31之间,冲淡水前缘盐度锋面的盐度值为18—28;盐度值20—28的盐度锋面基本体现该海区羽状锋的特征及变化。（2）夏初长江口外海区冲淡水范围明显大于秋末,夏初该海区以冲淡水为主,秋末冲淡水的范围收缩,紧贴沿岸一带。相应地,夏初该海区羽状锋呈倾斜锋面,占据较大的海区;秋末则为垂直锋面,介于122．50°E-122．70°E海区。     

A preliminary study of variations of the Changjiang Diluted Water between August of 1999 and 2006

A large area hypoxia has been already reported respectively by two interdisciplinary surveys off the Changjiang Estuary since summer of 1999 and 2006. The hypoxic zone shows distinct year-to-year variations. Observed oceanographic data are first analysized and reveal a big difference for the Changjiang Diluted Water (CDW) between these two periods. These great changes are related to the tremendous reduction of the freshwater discharge and variations of wind fields between these two years. It is also found that the monthly mean intrusion of Kuroshio and its branches has increased in the northern East China Sea (ECS), but decreased in the southern ECS in August of 2006 as compared with 1999 on the base of general circulation models. Then, the Regional Ocean Modelling Systems is applied to the East China Sea to evaluate the contributions and relative importance of impacts from the river discharge, wind forcing and open boundary data. Our simulations reproduce the phenomena that more fresh water extends northeastward in 2006 and forms a negative SSS anomaly to the northeast of the river mouth as compared with 1999, which is consistent with observations. The five group numerical tests suggest that the wind forcing dominates the CDW variations followed by the Kuroshio and its branches. The study implies important roles played by hydrodynamic processes on the variability of hypoxic zone in the study areas.     

广东博贺澙湖潮滩的冲淤变化及其动力作用分析

基于遥感技术,对反映17 a来博贺澙湖的5景遥感影像定量反演潮滩水边线,在此基础上推算澙湖潮滩的沉积与冲刷速率,同时对引起潮滩变化的动力作用进行探讨,结果表明博贺澙湖的潮滩以淤展为主,其中处于开敞地段的澙湖潮滩出现冲刷,遮蔽岸段的澙湖潮滩淤积,控制澙湖潮滩变化的主要因子是包括圈围潮滩成盐田、虾池以及鱼塘等的人类活动.     

安宁河断裂带晚第四纪运动特征及模式的讨论

安宁河断裂带是中国西南地区一条重要的地震活动断层, 地方志记载公元1536年曾发生过震级大于7级的破坏性地震. 详细的断裂地貌航片解译和野外调查表明, 安宁河断裂带除具有主要的左旋走滑断层活动外,还兼有重要的逆冲运动分量. 根据冲沟和阶地面的位错量及其热释光测年结果估计,该断裂带晚更新世以来平均左旋走滑速率为3~7 mm/a. 根据滑移方向与断层走向的关系,推测跨安宁河断裂带东西向由于逆冲断层运动造成的挤压缩短速率约为1.7~4.0 mm/a; 简单分解鲜水河断裂带上的滑动速率,估计分配在大凉山断裂带上的滑动速率与安宁河断裂带上的大致相当,约为3~7 mm/a. 此外,根据野外调查结果,并结合最近青藏高原构造动力学研究的新认识, 建立了安宁河断裂带的动力学模型,认为安宁河断裂带是一条逆冲走滑断裂带. 其下盘（西盘）主动向南东方向下插,造成了上盘（东盘）向北西方向的上冲运动.      

准噶尔盆地西北缘扇体形成演化与扇体油气藏勘探

准噶尔盆地西北缘广泛发育二叠纪-侏罗纪冲积扇、水下扇、扇三角洲等砾质粗碎屑沉积,其形成演化严格受不同时期活动的同生断裂控制.二叠纪以乌尔禾组扇体最为发育,呈由盆缘向盆地方向逐渐增强的前展式推覆冲断及渐进式扇体迁移响应模式.三叠纪-侏罗纪以百口泉组、克拉玛依组扇体最为发育,呈由盆内向盆缘方向逐渐减弱的退覆式冲断活动及后退式扇体迁移响应模式.已知扇体油气藏主要富集于水下扇扇根及扇中、扇三角洲平原及前缘4个亚相带,及二叠系佳木河组、乌尔禾组、三叠系百口泉组、克拉玛依组、侏罗系八道湾组、头屯河组6个层位.二叠-三叠纪扇体含油层多、规模大、储量丰度高,侏罗纪扇体反之.受断裂、不整合、岩相岩性、物性4种因素控制,扇体主要形成断块、地层不整合及构造岩性油气藏.断阶带及扇根-扇中相带主要发育构造(断块)油藏,为扇体与断层相配置的垂向运聚成藏模式;斜坡区及扇中-扇缘相带主要发育岩性油藏,为扇体与不整合相配置的侧向运聚成藏模式.西北缘扇体成藏条件好,探明程度总体较低,剩余资源潜力大,进而指出了七大有利勘探区块和方向.     

八面山：人过低头，马过下鞍

长沙向南，八面山。 “八面山，离天三尺三，人过要低头，马过要下鞍”，可见其高，其主峰高度在2000以上，但具体高度还有争议。