Newly discovered hydrothermal fields along the ultraslow-spreading Southwest Indian Ridge around 63°E

The ultraslow-spreading Southwest Indian Ridge(SWIR) to the east of the Melville fracture zone is characterized by very low melt supply and intensive tectonic activity. Due to its weak thermal budget and extremely slow spreading rate, the easternmost SWIR was considered to be devoid of hydrothermal activity until the discovery of the inactive Mt. Jourdanne hydrothermal field(27°51′S, 63°56′E) in 1998. During the COMRA DY115-20 cruise in2009, two additional hydrothermal fields(i.e., the Tiancheng(27°51′S, 63°55′E) and Tianzuo(27°57′S, 63°32′E)fields) were discovered. Further detailed investigations of these two hydrothermal sites were conducted by Chinese manned submersible Jiaolong in 2014–2015. The Tiancheng filed can be characterized as a lowtemperature(up to 13.2°C) diffuse flow hydrothermal field, and is hosted by fractured basalts with hydrothermal fauna widespread on the seafloor. The Tianzuo hydrothermal field is an inactive sulfide field, which is hosted by ultramafic rocks and controlled by detachment fault. The discovery of the three hydrothermal fields around Segment #11 which receives more melt than the regional average, provided evidence for local enhanced magmatism providing heat source to drive hydrothermal circulation. We further imply that hydrothermal activity and sulfide deposits may be rather promising along the easternmost SWIR.     

“海上丝绸之路”超大城市环境变化遥感分析

随着城市化进程的加快,如何及时、精确地对城市环境的变化做出评价,进而制定出合理的发展方案,对城市可持续发展至关重要。本文综合利用卫星遥感获取的PM_2.5浓度数据、地表温度数据（Land Surface Temperature,LST）、植被指数数据（Normalized Difference Vegetation Index,NDVI）及城市用地辅助信息数据,基于综合评价指标,分析海上丝绸之路沿线12个超大城市地区2000-2013年环境质量的动态变化。研究结果表明,2000-2013年,海上丝绸之路沿线约75%的超大城市呈现出不同程度的环境恶化现象。12个超大城市用地环境恶化及逐步恶化面积占研究区域总面积的31.33%（4732.39 km²）。2000-2013年,城市扩张用地恶化和逐步恶化面积约占总扩张用地的29.48%（3765.83 km²）。平均地表温度的上升、植被覆盖度的急剧下降及PM_2.5浓度的增加均对海上丝绸之路沿线超大城市环境质量变化产生影响。其中,空气中PM_2.5浓度的大幅度增加是2000-2013年海上丝绸之路沿线超大城市扩张用地环境退化的主要原因。     

“海上丝绸之路”沿线重要港口竞争力评价

“海上丝绸之路”是促进亚欧和亚非互联互通的重要通道,对其沿线重要港口的竞争力研究,可以为海上丝绸之路的建设提供参考。本文综合考虑港口的自然条件、腹地环境、基础设施、服务水平、政府廉洁度,及其在航运网络中的地位差别等因素,运用熵权-层次分析法对沿线51个国家的99个重要港口的竞争力进行评价。结果表明,① 港口综合竞争力空间分布呈明显的区域化特征,且与国家经济发展水平显著相关,地中海地区港口竞争力普遍较强,亚洲次之,非洲最弱。② 港口的网络地位对竞争力的影响最大,竞争力强的港口多位于重要水域的战略通道,网络地位高,辐射范围广。③ 我国投资的部分沿线港口综合竞争力与成熟港口之间还存在一定差距,但是具备较大的竞争力提升空间。     

西南天山布隆金矿床成矿作用同位素地质年代学

位于新疆西南天山阿合奇县的布隆金矿是一个国内较少见的低温热液石英重晶石脉型金矿床,它赋存于上泥盆统细碎屑岩中,金矿体受层间缓倾斜破碎带控制。根据矿脉矿物组合及相互穿插关系,原生成矿期成矿作用可分为:①黄铁矿-石英阶段;②石英-黄铁矿-菱铁矿-重晶石阶段;③方解石-石英-重晶石阶段和④重晶石阶段。年代学研究表明,主成矿阶段(②阶段)含金石英脉RB-SR等时线年龄为258±15MA,表明成矿作用发生在晚二叠世末,与中亚南天山大规模的金成矿作用发生时期相一致。     

西南岩溶地下水资源开发利用效应与潜力分析

西南岩溶地区面积78万km2,地下水系统包括裸露岩溶水系统和覆盖-埋藏型岩溶水系统两大类。由于降水丰富、地下岩溶发育,西南岩溶地下水资源丰富,在43万km2调查区内,具有地下水天然资源量1762.82×108m3/a,岩溶地下水允许开采资源量615.70×108m3/a。近年来,通过开展水文地质调查,在地下河、表层岩溶水和蓄水构造岩溶水打井开采方面均取得重要进展,产生了显著的经济和生态环境效应。但由于西南地区岩溶水开发难度大,区域经济落后,西南岩溶地下水的开发利用程度普遍较低,已开采量为98.32×108m3/a,仅占允许开采量的15.97%,剩余地下水潜力资源量517.38×108m3/a。     

北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷C洼烃源岩热史及成熟史模拟

北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷C洼流沙港组烃源岩热史及成熟史研究,对C洼深水油气勘探具有指导意义。在恢复涠西南凹陷C洼地史和热史的基础上,利用EASY%Ro模型计算了流沙港组烃源岩的成熟度史。研究结果表明,在涠西南凹陷发展的裂陷阶段初始期热流值较高,最大值约为77mW/m2,其后热流值逐渐减小,现今热流值约为54mW/m2;涠西南凹陷C洼流沙港组烃源岩开始生烃(Ro=0.5%)时间为51MaBP,达到生烃高峰(Ro=1%)时间为42MaBP,达到高成熟演化阶段(Ro=1.3%)时间为17MaBP;对比涠1井流沙港组烃源岩演化特征,处于C洼深水勘探区的流沙港组烃源岩成熟度较高,生烃能力较强,拥有广阔的油气勘探前景。     

东西南北

辽宁 矿业权实地核查工作进入“倒计时” 日前,辽宁省召开了矿业权实地核查工作会议,主要议题有五项：一是以表格的形式详细地通报了全省各市、县（市、区）当前矿业权实地核查工作中存在的问题;二是对全省当前矿业权实地核查工作情况进行剖析,找出存在问题的原因和症结,并商讨具体解决办法：三是详细解读和讨论全省矿业权实地核查验收方案;四是进行矿业权实地核查工作的“冲刺”阶段动员,     

东西南北

严格土地执法监察 坚守耕地红线 辽宁省“双保行动”转入重点督察阶段后,省“双保行动”领导小组根据全省实际,采取更直接更有效的措施确保耕地红线不被突破。一是抓好2008年度卫片执法检查。对全省检查发现的土地违法违规案件,加紧立案、查处、整改。对违法违规严重的地区和有关责任人,按照15号令要求进行问责。二是加强对2009年新开工建设用地的动态巡查。     

A landscape pattern analysis method based on boundaries and nodes: A case study in upper Minjiang River, China

Traditionally,patch-based analysis at the landscape scale fragmentation has been used in the study of landscape ecology while the study of boundary and node has not been considered as much detail until recently.This study investigated the possibility of applying boundary-and node-based methods in landscape pattern analysis to the upper reaches of the Minjiang River in the southwestern China.Boundary-based and node-based landscape indices were selected to be used in analyzing changes in landscape patterns,and the results were compared with analysis using traditional pattern indices.We compared the responses of patch-area-based,boundary-length-based and node-number-based indices,and concluded that boundary-based and node-based indices are more sensitive to disturbance than patch-based indices with various patterns,and node-based indices are even more sensitive than boundary-based ones.Thus,the results suggest that boundary-based and node-based pattern analysis methods provide helpful supplementary information to traditional patch-based pattern analysis methods.The results about pattern dynamics of landscapes in the upper reaches of the Minjiang River based on boundaries and nodes showed that with human disturbance,the dominance of forest landscape was weakened by other landscape types; thus the landscape pattern of the study area became more homogeneous and the boundary network became more complex.These changes further augmented disturbance interfaces in the landscape and increased the possibilities of further landscape fragmentation.     

2006年台风“碧利斯”与“格美”的降水差异性比较

对2006年7月登陆,西移影响粤东的路径相似、降水过程强度和范围不同的2次台风过程,从环流形势,台风环流本身、结构以及降水性质等方面进行了对比分析.结果表明,"碧利斯"的降水是一典型的和西南季风相结合的降水,而"格美"的降水仅仅是台风本身环流的降水.同时发现两者在登陆2 d内500 hPa平均高度场、水汽通量垂直剖面图,水汽输送时间序列图上均有显著差异.指出水汽输送的强弱,决定了登陆台风的维持时间和降雨强度.