缝洞型储层随钻测井自适应有限元法数值模拟

缝洞型碳酸盐岩储层具有强烈的非均质性及储集空间预测难度大的特点,利用随钻电阻率测井方法对缝洞进行准确识别和划分,是当前研究的热点问题.利用一种先进的高精度自适应有限元方法和几何精确的曲边单元造型技术可以模拟缝洞型储层的随钻测井响应.本文通过研究仪器在不同半径缝洞的模拟测井响应及缝洞填充与坍塌导致的机械填充对测井结果的影响,给出了用于识别缝洞大小和填充程度的缝洞型储层的测井响应特征.研究结果为缝洞型碳酸盐岩储层的识别与划分提供了理论依据.     

Comparison of adaptive structural damage identification techniques in nonlinear hysteretic vibration isolation systems

Early structural damage identification to obtain an accurate condition assessment can assist in the reprioritization of structural retrofitting schedules in order to guarantee structural safety. Nowadays, seismic isolation technology has been applied in a wide variety of infrastructure, such as buildings, bridges, etc., and the health conditions of these nonlinear hysteretic vibration isolation systems have received considerable attention. To effectively detect structural damage in vibration isolation systems based on vibration data, three time-domain analysis techniques, referred to as the adaptive extended Kalman filter （AEKF）, adaptive sequential nonlinear least-square estimation （ASNLSE） and adaptive quadratic sum-sqnares error （AQSSE）, have been investigated. In this research, these analysis techniques are compared in terms of accuracy, convergence and efficiency, for structural damage detection using experimental data obtained through a series of laboratory tests based on a base-isolated structural model subjected to E1 Centro and Kobe earthquake excitations. The capability of the AEKF, ASNLSE and AQSSE approaches in tracking structural damage is demonstrated and compared.     

Study of the seismic response of a recycled aggregate concrete frame structure

Based on six-degree-of-freedom three-dimensional shaking table tests, the seismic response of a recycled aggregate concrete （RAC） frame was obtained. The analysis results indicate that the maximum story shear force and overturning moment reduce proportionally along the height of the model under the same earthquake wave. The story shear force, base shear coefficient and overturning moment of the structure increase progressively as the acceleration amplitude increases. The base shear coefficient is primarily controlled by the peak ground acceleration （PGA）. The relationships between the PGA and the shear coefficient as well as between the PGA and the dynamic amplification factor are obtained by mathematical fitting. The dynamic amplification factor decreases rapidly at the elastic-plastic stage, but decreases slowly with the development of the elastic-plasticity stage. The results show that the RAC frame structure has reasonable deformability when compared with natural aggregate concrete frame structures. The maximum inter-story drift ratios of the RAC frame model under frequent and rare intensity 8 test phases are 1/266 and 1/29, respectively, which are larger than the allowable value of 1/500 and 1/50 according to Chinese seismic design requirements. Nevertheless, the RAC frame structure does not collapse under base excitations with PGAs from 0.066 g up to 1.170 g.     

An adaptive over/under data combination method

The traditional ＂dephase and sum＂ algorithms for over/under data combination estimate the ghost operator by assuming a calm sea surface. However, the real sea surface is typically rough, which invalidates the calm sea surface assumption. Hence, the traditional ＂dephase and sum＂ algorithms might produce poor-quality results in rough sea conditions. We propose an adaptive over/under data combination method, which adaptively estimates the amplitude spectrum of the ghost operator from the over/under data, and then over/under data combinations are implemented using the estimated ghost operators. A synthetic single shot gather is used to verify the performance of the proposed method in rough sea surface conditions and a real triple over/under dataset demonstrates the method performance.     

平直走滑断层亚失稳状态的位移协同化特征——基于数字图像相关方法的实验研究

亚失稳阶段是断层临近失稳的最后阶段,识别断层亚失稳状态,对评估断裂区内的断层失稳危险性具有重要意义．含平直走滑断层的岩石样品在卧式双轴伺服控制压机上加载产生黏滑,同时用高速相机以1000帧S_的速度记录样品变形,失稳过程中的数字图像,然后采用数字图像相关分析方法计算样品表面变形场,并通过定义表征断层位移累计值相对离散程度的协同化系数来描述断层失稳过程的协同化特征,结果表明：（1）局部预滑区进入亚失稳阶段之前,扩展速率非常缓慢;进入亚失稳I阶段后,扩展速率有所增加,但仍很缓慢,属于准静态扩展;在亚失稳II阶段,在占整个亚失稳阶段～1．5％的时间段内,断层先是以～0．9mS。的速率扩展,继而快速贯通整个观测区域,此时断层已转为准动态扩展．（2）在亚失稳I阶段断层位移协同化系数降为进入亚失稳前的一半,在亚失稳II阶段这一系数再降为进入亚失稳前的四分之一．这一系数持续下降意味着断层位移协同化作用的加强,亦可作为断层进入亚失稳阶段的特征之一．（3）此外,在断层失稳滑动阶段,观测区内断层出现三次整体滑动：初始滑动,快速滑动和调整滑动．断层在三次滑动之间存在两次短暂的停顿过程．     

白洋淀不同年龄芦苇根状茎中氮和磷含量

芦苇(Phragmites australis)是白洋淀水陆交错带区域典型的湿地植物,其具有庞大的地下根状茎,面积约6000 hm2.2011年11月,在白洋淀马堡村苇地采集了土壤和芦苇根状茎样品;依据等级结构等指标,将芦苇根状茎分为3个年龄组;对不同年龄组芦苇根状茎中氮和磷含量进行了测定,并分别计算了氮磷比率和生物富集系数.结果表明,0～1 a年龄组的芦苇根状茎中氮和磷含量分别为0.700％～1.297％和0.054％～0.122％; 2～3 a年龄组的芦苇根状茎中氮和磷含量分别为0.718％～0.911％和0.063％～0.084％; ＞3 a年龄组的芦苇根状茎中氮和磷含量分别为0.460％～0.663％和0.025％～0.069％.对比年龄为0～1 a、2～3 a和＞3a的白洋淀马堡村芦苇根状茎氮和磷含量发现,总体上,随着芦苇根状茎年龄的增加,其氮和磷含量在减少.在0～100 cm土壤深度中,各年龄组的芦苇根状茎氮含量与磷含量显著相关(p＜0.05).与磷元素相比,氮元素是白洋淀马堡村芦苇生长的主要限制因子.白洋淀马堡村芦苇根状茎中的氮和磷元素的富集系数大体上随着根状茎年龄的增加而减小,这可能与不同年龄芦苇根状茎的代谢能力有关.     

规范完善征收管理落实节约优先战略——国土资源部矿产资源储量司负责人谈规范矿产资源补偿费征收管理

近日,国土资源部出台了《关于进一步规范矿产资源补偿费征收管理的通知》(以下简称《通知》),这是我国矿产资源补偿费征收管理制度建立以来,对征收管理方法进行的第一次系统性完善.那么,《通知》出台的背景及主要政策、措施、目标及相关要求是怎样的?日前,国土资源部矿产资源储量司相关负责人就上述问题进行了解答.     

滑坡稳定性评价中地震作用力计算的讨论

阐述了目前国内外在滑坡地震稳定性评价方面的理论研究成果和实际应用情况,指出地质矿产行业规范在采用静力法计算地震力时没有乘以0.25的综合影响系数,和其它规范的差别是巨大的.分析后认为这个规定是值得商榷的.最后根据宏观震害现象提出易引起滑坡的地质情况并对其进行了分析,为滑坡治理工程设计和以后的规范修编提供了方法和思路.     

RSG的地形实时自适应多分辨率显示算法

从RSG(regular square grid)数据出发,通过数据预处理、保守性屏幕误差、孤立分割和添加拆分点等方法,提出了地形自适应多分辨率显示的新算法。实验证明,该算法在一定程度上消除了当前静态和动态LoD(levels of detail)中存在的问题,具有较高的实用价值,对其他模型的LoD表达也是一种借鉴。     

自适应差分演化算法在图像监督分类中的应用

针对传统遥感图像分类算法存在约束条件多、容易陷入局部最优解、分类精度低的缺陷,提出了一种基于自适应差分演化的遥感分类新方法.实验结果表明,基于自适应差分演化的遥感图像分类算法在分类精度上优于传统方法,在收敛速度上优于标准的差分演化分类算法,其分类精度和Kappa系数分别达到了92.66％和0.901 7.