天津静海-津南剖面地壳上地幔电性结构特征

在天津市区南部的静海-津南一线布置了32个大地电磁测深点,剖面方位角92°,对采集的资料采用远参考与Robust技术进行了处理和解释.对该区的构造维数及构造方向做了分析,揭示了该剖面地壳上地幔电性结构特征,并进行了划分.成果显示:中下地壳存在双层低阻构造层,上地幔表现为中、高阻互层.在断裂带附近受构造活动影响,低阻高导构造层会发生上下错断与缺失.沧东、白塘口、天津断裂均是多组断层构成的断裂带,控制了双窑凸起、白塘口凹陷、板桥凹陷及静海斜坡带次级构造单元.     

隔震建筑结构的强震观测与初步分析

福建省防灾减灾隔震大楼自2005年8月架设强震观测结构台阵以来,已多次记录到大楼地震动力反应,这些宝贵的结构反应资料对于评价隔震效果、分析结构反应特性具有十分重要的价值。本文从中选取了震级在3.7~7.6、震中距在189~3 595km的24次地震的台阵资料,对大楼的振动特性和隔震效果进行了初步分析,得到的结论是:(1)大楼场地土层的特征周期在0.63~0.68 s;(2)中心大楼在小地震作用下表现的振动卓越频率分别为4.7Hz(垂直向)、1.31Hz(南北向)、1.40Hz(东西向),大楼水平向第一阶振型的频率分别为1.41Hz(南北向)、1.59Hz(东西向),即自振周期为0.70 s(南北向)、0.63 s(东西向);(3)大楼在小地震时隔震效果不明显,其南北向隔震效果比东西向好;随着地下室记录峰值的增大,顶层放大倍数有所降低,大楼卓越频率也有所降低;(4)初步分析表明大楼在小震时仍有扭转效应,其扭转周期为0.5 s,有待进一步分析。     

Joint probability density function of the stochastic responses of nonlinear structures

The joint probability density fimction （PDF） of different structural responses is a very important topic in the stochastic response analysis of nonlinear structures. In this paper, the probability density evolution method, which is successfully developed to capture the instantaneous PDF of an arbitrary single response of interest, is extended to evaluate the joint PDF of any two responses. A two-dimensional partial differential equation in terms of the joint PDF is established. The strategy of selecting representative points via the number theoretical method and sieved by a hyper-ellipsoid is outlined. A two-dimensional difference scheme is developed. The free vibration of an SDOF system is examined to verify the proposed method, and a flame structure exhibiting hysteresis subjected to stochastic ground motion is investigated. It is pointed out that the correlation of different responses results from the fact that randomness of different responses comes from the same set of basic random parameters involved. In other words, the essence of the probabilistic correlation is a physical correlation.     

Analytical investigations of seismic responses for reinforced concrete bridge columns subjected to strong near-fault ground motion

Strong near-fault ground motion, usually caused by the fault-rupture and characterized by a pulse-like velocity- wave form, often causes dramatic instantaneous seismic energy (Jadhav and Jangid 2006). Some reinforced concrete (RC) bridge columns, even those built according to ductile design principles, were damaged in the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake. Thus, it is very important to evaluate the seismic response of a RC bridge column to improve its seismic design and prevent future damage. Nonlinear time history analysis using step-by-step integration is capable of tracing the dynamic response of a structure during the entire vibration period and is able to accommodate the pulsing wave form. However, the accuracy of the numerical results is very sensitive to the modeling of the nonlinear load-deformation relationship of the structural member. FEMA 273 and ATC-40 provide the modeling parameters for structural nonlinear analyses of RC beams and RC columns. They use three parameters to define the plastic rotation angles and a residual strength ratio to describe the nonlinear load- deformation relationship of an RC member. Structural nonlinear analyses are performed based on these parameters. This method provides a convenient way to obtain the nonlinear seismic responses of RC structures. However, the accuracy of the numerical solutions might be further improved. For this purpose, results from a previous study on modeling of the static pushover analyses for RC bridge columns (Sung et al. 2005) is adopted for the nonlinear time history analysis presented herein to evaluate the structural responses excited by a near-fault ground motion. To ensure the reliability of this approach, the numerical results were compared to experimental results. The results confirm that the proposed approach is valid.     

隔板贯通式梁柱节点抗震性能试验研究

设计了低周反复荷载作用下3个十字形足尺隔板贯通式梁柱节点试件(其中2个节点的柱子浇筑了混凝土,1个为空钢管)的拟静力试验。通过研究拟静力试验所得的滞回曲线求得该节点的等效阻尼比,衡量它的耗能能力。从恢复力特性曲线得到了和一次加载相接近的骨架曲线,节点的初始刚度和刚度退化等参数。通过这些从强度、变形和能量等三方面判别和鉴定隔板贯通式梁柱节点的抗震性能,并得出了一些具有参考价值的结论。     

核心筒部分悬挂结构抗震分析的简化力学模型

提出了核心筒部分悬挂结构体系,在已有该体系振动台试验基础上,建立了该体系的抗震分析简化力学模型及其理论公式。按小震、中震和大震3种不同的地震作用情况,分析了该结构体系力学模型和动力方程的差异。利用有限元分析程序SAP2000,对这种结构体系进行了小震和大震作用下的结构地震反应分析,计算结果与试验结果吻合较好。     

基于神经网络的滑移隔震结构智能半主动控制

考虑上部结构的刚度和阻尼,使用神经网络控制算法计算基底摩擦力的大小,研究了滑移隔震结构的半主动控制。对计算实例的分析表明,通过半主动控制的滑移隔震结构不但具有较好的隔震效果,且能有效地减小基底的最大滑移量及残余位移。为对比各种控制方法的控制效果,文中还利用Bang-Bang控制和瞬时最优控制算法对滑移隔震结构进行了半主动控制。对比分析表明,基于神经网络控制算法的控制效果优于其它控制算法,具有反馈量少,稳健性强等特点。     

地下RC结构物地震响应特征土工离心试验的模拟

地下结构物抗震稳定性的研究具有重要实际意义。基于动态土工离心试验,应用有效应力法分析了不同水平地震作用下土层和地下RC结构物的最大水平位移、不同埋深的土层加速度和超孔隙水压力变化规律,以及结构物的破坏发展特征,并进一步与试验结果进行了相互验证和对比,取得了较好效果,为重要地下结构物的抗震设计提供了依据和参考。     

锚定式方钢管混凝土柱与钢梁节点抗震性能试验研究

通过低周反复加载试验对6个锚定式方钢管混凝土柱-H形钢梁节点进行了试验研究,研究了不同轴压比情况下节点的破坏模式、延性、耗能性能、强度及刚度退化等。试验结果表明,破坏之前节点具有良好的滞回性能、延性及耗能能力,满足现行抗震规范的要求。锚定式方钢管混凝土梁柱节点可以用于拉力较小的节点。文中提出了有关的设计建议。     

不同检测方法对混凝土波速的影响研究

为建立超声波法和低应变反射波法检测所得混凝土基桩波速的相互转换关系,本文给出了标准线性固体模型下粘弹性介质的三维和一维纵波速度之比及其实用简化公式,并且通过实验得出,混凝土构件的超声波速与1.054倍低应变动测波速之比处于1.03~1.12,具体数值会随着混凝土龄期、弹性模量和强度等级的增加而有所减小。